中共黨代會報告雙語版
20th Party Congress
編輯| 同志們： | Comrades, |
| 現在，我代表第十九屆中央委員會向大會作報告。 | On behalf of the 19th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), I will now deliver a report to the 20th National Congress. |
| 中國共產黨第二十次全國代表大會，是在全黨全國各族人民邁上全面建設社會主義現代化國家新征程、向第二個百年奮鬥目標進軍的關鍵時刻召開的一次十分重要的大會。 | The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is a meeting of great importance. It takes place at a critical time as the entire Party and the Chinese people of all ethnic groups embark on a new journey to build China into a modern socialist country in all respects and advance toward the Second Centenary Goal. |
| 大會的主題是：高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，全面貫徹新時代中國特色社會主義思想，弘揚偉大建黨精神，自信自強、守正創新，踔厲奮發、勇毅前行，為全面建設社會主義現代化國家、全面推進中華民族偉大復興而團結奮鬥。 | The theme of this Congress is holding high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, fully implementing the Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, carrying forward the great founding spirit of the Party, staying confident and building strength, upholding fundamental principles and breaking new ground, forging ahead with enterprise and fortitude, and striving in unity to build a modern socialist country in all respects and advance the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation on all fronts. |
| 中國共產黨已走過百年奮鬥歷程。我們黨立志於中華民族千秋偉業，致力於人類和平與發展崇高事業，責任無比重大，使命無上光榮。全黨同志務必不忘初心、牢記使命，務必謙虛謹慎、艱苦奮鬥，務必敢於鬥爭、善於鬥爭，堅定歷史自信，增強歷史主動，譜寫新時代中國特色社會主義更加絢麗的華章。 | Since its founding a century ago, the Communist Party of China has taken a remarkable journey. Our Party has dedicated itself to achieving lasting greatness for the Chinese nation and committed itself to the noble cause of peace and development for humanity. Our responsibility is unmatched in importance, and our mission is glorious beyond compare. It is imperative that all of us in the Party never forget our original aspiration and founding mission, that we always stay modest, prudent, and hard-working, and that we have the courage and ability to carry on our fight. We must remain confident in our history, exhibit greater historical initiative, and write an even more magnificent chapter for socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. |
| 一、過去五年的工作和新時代十年的偉大變革 | I. The Work of the Past Five Years and the Great Changes in the First Decade of the New Era |
| 十九大以來的五年，是極不尋常、極不平凡的五年。黨中央統籌中華民族偉大復興戰略全局和世界百年未有之大變局，召開七次全會，分別就憲法修改，深化黨和國家機構改革，堅持和完善中國特色社會主義制度、推進國家治理體系和治理能力現代化，制定「十四五」規劃和二〇三五年遠景目標，全面總結黨的百年奮鬥重大成就和歷史經驗等重大問題作出決定和決議，就黨和國家事業發展作出重大戰略部署，團結帶領全黨全軍全國各族人民有效應對嚴峻複雜的國際形勢和接踵而至的巨大風險挑戰，以奮發有為的精神把新時代中國特色社會主義不斷推向前進。 | The five years since the 19th National Congress have been truly momentous and extraordinary. The Party Central Committee has pursued a strategy of national rejuvenation amid global changes of a magnitude not seen in a century. It has convened seven plenary sessions, at which it adopted decisions and resolutions on major issues such as revising China’s Constitution, deepening reform of Party and state institutions, upholding and improving the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics and modernizing China’s system and capacity for governance, formulating the 14th Five-Year Plan for Economic and Social Development and the Long-Range Objectives through the Year 2035, and conducting a thorough review of the Party’s major achievements and historical experience over the past century. At these sessions, major strategic plans were also made for advancing the cause of the Party and the country. The Central Committee has brought together the entire Party, the military, and the Chinese people and led them in effectively responding to grave, intricate international developments and a series of immense risks and challenges. With great effort and determination, we have steadily advanced socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. |
| 五年來，我們堅持加強黨的全面領導和黨中央集中統一領導，全力推進全面建成小康社會進程，完整、準確、全面貫徹新發展理念，着力推動高質量發展，主動構建新發展格局，蹄疾步穩推進改革，紮實推進全過程人民民主，全面推進依法治國，積極發展社會主義先進文化，突出保障和改善民生，集中力量實施脫貧攻堅戰，大力推進生態文明建設，堅決維護國家安全，防範化解重大風險，保持社會大局穩定，大力度推進國防和軍隊現代化建設，全方位開展中國特色大國外交，全面推進黨的建設新的偉大工程。我們隆重慶祝中國共產黨成立一百周年、中華人民共和國成立七十周年，制定第三個歷史決議，在全黨開展黨史學習教育，建成中國共產黨歷史展覽館，號召全黨學習和踐行偉大建黨精神，在新的征程上更加堅定、更加自覺地牢記初心使命、開創美好未來。特別是面對突如其來的新冠肺炎疫情，我們堅持人民至上、生命至上，堅持外防輸入、內防反彈，堅持動態清零不動搖，開展抗擊疫情人民戰爭、總體戰、阻擊戰，最大限度保護了人民生命安全和身體健康，統籌疫情防控和經濟社會發展取得重大積極成果。面對香港局勢動盪變化，我們依照憲法和基本法有效實施對特別行政區的全面管治權，制定實施香港特別行政區維護國家安全法，落實「愛國者治港」原則，香港局勢實現由亂到治的重大轉折，深入推進粵港澳大灣區建設，支持香港、澳門發展經濟、改善民生、保持穩定。面對「台獨」勢力分裂活動和外部勢力干涉台灣事務的嚴重挑釁，我們堅決開展反分裂、反干涉重大鬥爭，展示了我們維護國家主權和領土完整、反對「台獨」的堅強決心和強大能力，進一步掌握了實現祖國完全統一的戰略主動，進一步鞏固了國際社會堅持一個中國的格局。面對國際局勢急劇變化，特別是面對外部訛詐、遏制、封鎖、極限施壓，我們堅持國家利益為重、國內政治優先，保持戰略定力，發揚鬥爭精神，展示不畏強權的堅定意志，在鬥爭中維護國家尊嚴和核心利益，牢牢掌握了我國發展和安全主動權。五年來，我們黨團結帶領人民，攻克了許多長期沒有解決的難題，辦成了許多事關長遠的大事要事，推動黨和國家事業取得舉世矚目的重大成就。 | Over the past five years, we have continued to strengthen the overall leadership of the Party and the centralized, unified leadership of the Central Committee. We have devoted great energy to finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. We have fully and faithfully applied the new development philosophy on all fronts, focused on promoting high-quality development, and worked to create a new pattern of development. We have pursued reform at a swift and steady pace, made solid progress in developing whole-process people’s democracy, and advanced law-based governance across all fields of endeavor. We have actively developed advanced socialist culture. We have ensured and improved public wellbeing as a matter of priority and pooled resources to wage a critical battle against poverty. We have made a big push to enhance ecological conservation. We have worked with firm resolve to safeguard national security, fended off and defused major risks, and ensured social stability. We have devoted great energy to modernizing our national defense and the armed forces. We have conducted major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics on all fronts. And we have made sweeping efforts to advance the great new project of Party building.
We celebrated the centenary of the Communist Party of China and the 70th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Republic of China. We adopted the third resolution concerning the Party’s history, organized Party-wide activities to study Party history, and inaugurated the Museum of the Communist Party of China. We called upon all Party members to study and apply the great founding spirit of the Party, and we encouraged them to create a brighter future by staying true to the Party’s founding mission with greater resolve and purpose on the new journey ahead. In responding to the sudden outbreak of Covid-19, we put the people and their lives above all else, worked to prevent both imported cases and domestic resurgences, and tenaciously pursued a dynamic zero-Covid policy. In launching an all-out people’s war to stop the spread of the virus, we have protected the people’s health and safety to the greatest extent possible and made tremendously encouraging achievements in both epidemic response and economic and social development. In the face of turbulent developments in Hong Kong, the central government exercised its overall jurisdiction over the special administrative region as prescribed by China’s Constitution and the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. The Law on Safeguarding National Security in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region was formulated and put into effect, ensuring that Hong Kong is administered by patriots. Thanks to these moves, order has been restored in Hong Kong, marking a major turn for the better in the region. Further headway has been made in developing the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and supporting Hong Kong and Macao in growing their economies, improving living standards, and maintaining stability. In response to separatist activities aimed at 「Taiwan independence」 and gross provocations of external interference in Taiwan affairs, we have resolutely fought against separatism and countered interference, demonstrating our resolve and ability to safeguard China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity and to oppose 「Taiwan independence.」 We have strengthened our strategic initiative for China’s complete reunification and consolidated commitment to the one-China principle within the international community. Confronted with drastic changes in the international landscape, especially external attempts to blackmail, contain, blockade, and exert maximum pressure on China, we have put our national interests first, focused on internal political concerns, and maintained firm strategic resolve. We have shown a fighting spirit and a firm determination to never yield to coercive power. Throughout these endeavors, we have safeguarded China’s dignity and core interests and kept ourselves well-positioned for pursuing development and ensuring security. Over the past five years, our Party has rallied the people and led them in solving a great number of problems that had long gone unsolved, securing many accomplishments that hold major future significance, and achieving impressive advances in the cause of the Party and the country. |
| 同志們！十八大召開至今已經十年了。十年來，我們經歷了對黨和人民事業具有重大現實意義和深遠歷史意義的三件大事：一是迎來中國共產黨成立一百周年，二是中國特色社會主義進入新時代，三是完成脫貧攻堅、全面建成小康社會的歷史任務，實現第一個百年奮鬥目標。這是中國共產黨和中國人民團結奮鬥贏得的歷史性勝利，是彪炳中華民族發展史冊的歷史性勝利，也是對世界具有深遠影響的歷史性勝利。 | Comrades,
Ten years have passed since the Party’s 18th National Congress. The past decade marked three major events of great immediate importance and profound historical significance for the cause of the Party and the people: We embraced the centenary of the Communist Party of China; we ushered in a new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics; and we eradicated absolute poverty and finished building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, thus completing the First Centenary Goal. These were historic feats—feats accomplished by the Communist Party of China and the Chinese people striving in unity, feats that will be forever recorded in the Chinese nation’s history, and feats that will profoundly influence the world. |
| 十年前，我們面對的形勢是，改革開放和社會主義現代化建設取得巨大成就，黨的建設新的偉大工程取得顯著成效，為我們繼續前進奠定了堅實基礎、創造了良好條件、提供了重要保障，同時一系列長期積累及新出現的突出矛盾和問題亟待解決。黨內存在不少對堅持黨的領導認識模糊、行動乏力問題，存在不少落實黨的領導弱化、虛化、淡化問題，有些黨員、幹部政治信仰發生動搖，一些地方和部門形式主義、官僚主義、享樂主義和奢靡之風屢禁不止，特權思想和特權現象較為嚴重，一些貪腐問題觸目驚心；經濟結構性體制性矛盾突出，發展不平衡、不協調、不可持續，傳統發展模式難以為繼，一些深層次體制機制問題和利益固化藩籬日益顯現；一些人對中國特色社會主義政治制度自信不足，有法不依、執法不嚴等問題嚴重存在；拜金主義、享樂主義、極端個人主義和歷史虛無主義等錯誤思潮不時出現，網絡輿論亂象叢生，嚴重影響人們思想和社會輿論環境；民生保障存在不少薄弱環節；資源環境約束趨緊、環境污染等問題突出；維護國家安全制度不完善、應對各種重大風險能力不強，國防和軍隊現代化存在不少短板弱項；香港、澳門落實「一國兩制」的體制機制不健全；國家安全受到嚴峻挑戰，等等。當時，黨內和社會上不少人對黨和國家前途憂心忡忡。面對這些影響黨長期執政、國家長治久安、人民幸福安康的突出矛盾和問題，黨中央審時度勢、果敢抉擇，銳意進取、攻堅克難，團結帶領全黨全軍全國各族人民擼起袖子加油干、風雨無阻向前行，義無反顧進行具有許多新的歷史特點的偉大鬥爭。 | A decade ago this was the situation we faced:
Great achievements had been secured in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization, and notable advances had been made in the great new project of Party building. All this had created solid foundations, favorable conditions, and key underpinnings for our continued progress. At the same time, however, a number of prominent issues and problems—some of which had been building for years and others which were just emerging—demanded urgent action. Inside the Party, there were many issues with respect to upholding the Party’s leadership, including a lack of clear understanding and effective action as well as a slide toward weak, hollow, and watered-down Party leadership in practice. Some Party members and officials were wavering in their political conviction. Despite repeated warnings, pointless formalities, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance persisted in some localities and departments. Privilege-seeking mindsets and practices posed a serious problem, and some deeply shocking cases of corruption had been uncovered. China’s economy was beset by acute structural and institutional problems. Development was imbalanced, uncoordinated, and unsustainable, and the traditional development model could no longer keep us moving forward. Some deep-seated problems in institutions and barriers built by vested interests were becoming more and more apparent. Some people lacked confidence in the socialist political system with Chinese characteristics, and, all too often, we saw laws being ignored or not being strictly enforced. Misguided patterns of thinking such as money worship, hedonism, egocentricity, and historical nihilism were common, and online discourse was rife with disorder. All this had a grave impact on people’s thinking and the public opinion environment. Our work to ensure the people’s wellbeing was fraught with weak links. Tightening resource and environmental constraints and environmental pollution were pronounced. The systems for safeguarding national security were inadequate, and our capacity for responding to various major risks was insufficient. Many shortcomings were affecting the modernization of national defense and the military. The institutions and mechanisms for implementing the policy of One Country, Two Systems in Hong Kong and Macao were not well-developed, and China faced grave challenges to its national security. These were just some of the problems we faced. Back then, many people, both in and outside of our Party, were worried about the future of the Party and the country. In the face of these acute problems and challenges, which undermined the Party’s long-term governance, the security and stability of the country, and the wellbeing of the people, the Party Central Committee fully assessed the situation, made resolute decisions, and took firm steps. Under its leadership, the entire Party, the military, and the Chinese people were brought together. We rolled up our sleeves and got down to work, forging ahead with resolve to carry out a great struggle with many new features of our times. |
| 十年來，我們堅持馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論、「三個代表」重要思想、科學發展觀，全面貫徹新時代中國特色社會主義思想，全面貫徹黨的基本路線、基本方略，採取一系列戰略性舉措，推進一系列變革性實踐，實現一系列突破性進展，取得一系列標誌性成果，經受住了來自政治、經濟、意識形態、自然界等方面的風險挑戰考驗，黨和國家事業取得歷史性成就、發生歷史性變革，推動我國邁上全面建設社會主義現代化國家新征程。 | Over the past decade, we have stayed committed to Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development, and we have fully implemented the Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as well as the Party’s basic line and basic policy. We have adopted a number of strategic measures, developed a range of transformative practices, and made a series of breakthroughs and landmark advances. We have withstood risks, challenges, and trials in the political, economic, ideological, and natural domains, secured historic achievements and seen historic changes in the cause of the Party and the country, and taken China on a new journey toward building a modern socialist country in all respects. |
| ——我們創立了新時代中國特色社會主義思想，明確堅持和發展中國特色社會主義的基本方略，提出一系列治國理政新理念新思想新戰略，實現了馬克思主義中國化時代化新的飛躍，堅持不懈用這一創新理論武裝頭腦、指導實踐、推動工作，為新時代黨和國家事業發展提供了根本遵循。 | —We have established the Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. In doing so, we have laid out the basic policy for upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics, put forward a series of new ideas, new thinking, and new strategies on national governance, and achieved a new breakthrough in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of our times. We have endeavored to use this new theory to arm ourselves intellectually, guide our practice, and advance our work. This theory provides us with fundamental guidance for advancing the cause of our Party and our country in the new era. |
| ——我們全面加強黨的領導，明確中國特色社會主義最本質的特徵是中國共產黨領導，中國特色社會主義制度的最大優勢是中國共產黨領導，中國共產黨是最高政治領導力量，堅持黨中央集中統一領導是最高政治原則，系統完善黨的領導制度體系，全黨增強「四個意識」，自覺在思想上政治上行動上同黨中央保持高度一致，不斷提高政治判斷力、政治領悟力、政治執行力，確保黨中央權威和集中統一領導，確保黨發揮總攬全局、協調各方的領導核心作用，我們這個擁有九千六百多萬名黨員的馬克思主義政黨更加團結統一。 | —We have strengthened Party leadership in all respects. We have made clear that the leadership of the Communist Party of China is the defining feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the greatest strength of the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, that the Party is the highest force of political leadership, and that upholding the centralized, unified leadership of the Party Central Committee is the highest political principle. We have made systematic improvements to the Party’s leadership systems. All Party members have become more conscious of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment with the central Party leadership. They have become more purposeful in closely following the Party Central Committee in thinking, political stance, and action, and they have continued to improve their capacity for political judgment, thinking, and implementation. All this has ensured the Party Central Committee’s authority and its centralized, unified leadership and guaranteed that the Party fulfills its core role of exercising overall leadership and coordinating the efforts of all sides. Now, our Marxist party of over 96 million members enjoys greater unity and solidarity than ever. |
| ——我們對新時代黨和國家事業發展作出科學完整的戰略部署，提出實現中華民族偉大復興的中國夢，以中國式現代化推進中華民族偉大復興，統攬偉大鬥爭、偉大工程、偉大事業、偉大夢想，明確「五位一體」總體布局和「四個全面」戰略布局，確定穩中求進工作總基調，統籌發展和安全，明確我國社會主要矛盾是人民日益增長的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的發展之間的矛盾，並緊緊圍繞這個社會主要矛盾推進各項工作，不斷豐富和發展人類文明新形態。 | —We have developed well-conceived and complete strategic plans for advancing the cause of the Party and the country in the new era. We have put forward the Chinese Dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and proposed promoting national rejuvenation through a Chinese path to modernization. We have made well-coordinated efforts to advance our great struggle, our great project, our great cause, and our great dream. We have adopted the Five-Sphere Integrated Plan and the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy[1] as well as the general principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability, and we have worked to both pursue development and safeguard security. We have identified the principal contradiction facing Chinese society as that between unbalanced and inadequate development and the people’s ever-growing needs for a better life, and we have made it clear that closing this gap should be the focus of all our initiatives. With these efforts, we have made constant progress in enriching and developing a new form of human advancement. |
| ——我們經過接續奮鬥，實現了小康這個中華民族的千年夢想，我國發展站在了更高歷史起點上。我們堅持精準扶貧、盡銳出戰，打贏了人類歷史上規模最大的脫貧攻堅戰，全國八百三十二個貧困縣全部摘帽，近一億農村貧困人口實現脫貧，九百六十多萬貧困人口實現易地搬遷，歷史性地解決了絕對貧困問題，為全球減貧事業作出了重大貢獻。 | —We have achieved moderate prosperity, the millennia-old dream of the Chinese nation, through persistent hard work. With this, we have elevated China to a higher historical starting point in development. By galvanizing the entire nation to carry out targeted poverty alleviation, we have won the largest battle against poverty in human history. A total of 832 impoverished counties and close to 100 million poor rural residents have been lifted out of poverty, and, among them, more than 9.6 million poverty-stricken people have been relocated from inhospitable areas. We have, once and for all, resolved the problem of absolute poverty in China, making significant contributions to the cause of global poverty reduction. |
| ——我們提出並貫徹新發展理念，着力推進高質量發展，推動構建新發展格局，實施供給側結構性改革，制定一系列具有全局性意義的區域重大戰略，我國經濟實力實現歷史性躍升。國內生產總值從五十四萬億元增長到一百一十四萬億元，我國經濟總量占世界經濟的比重達百分之十八點五，提高七點二個百分點，穩居世界第二位；人均國內生產總值從三萬九千八百元增加到八萬一千元。穀物總產量穩居世界首位，十四億多人的糧食安全、能源安全得到有效保障。城鎮化率提高十一點六個百分點，達到百分之六十四點七。製造業規模、外匯儲備穩居世界第一。建成世界最大的高速鐵路網、高速公路網，機場港口、水利、能源、信息等基礎設施建設取得重大成就。我們加快推進科技自立自強，全社會研發經費支出從一萬億元增加到二萬八千億元，居世界第二位，研發人員總量居世界首位。基礎研究和原始創新不斷加強，一些關鍵核心技術實現突破，戰略性新興產業發展壯大，載人航天、探月探火、深海深地探測、超級計算機、衛星導航、量子信息、核電技術、新能源技術、大飛機製造、生物醫藥等取得重大成果，進入創新型國家行列。 | —We have put forward and applied a new development philosophy, worked hard to promote high-quality development, and pushed to foster a new pattern of development. We have carried out supply-side structural reform, formulated a series of major regional strategies important to China’s overall development, and brought about a historic rise in China’s economic strength.
In the past decade, China’s GDP has grown from 54 trillion yuan to 114 trillion yuan to account for 18.5 percent of the world economy, up 7.2 percentage points. China has remained the world’s second largest economy, and its per capita GDP has risen from 39,800 yuan to 81,000 yuan. It ranks first in the world in terms of grain output, and it has ensured food and energy security for its more than 1.4 billion people. The number of permanent urban residents has grown by 11.6 percentage points to account for 64.7 percent of the population. China’s manufacturing sector is the largest in the world, as are its foreign exchange reserves. China has built the world’s largest networks of high-speed railways and expressways and made major achievements in building airports, ports, and water conservancy, energy, information, and other infrastructure. We have accelerated efforts to build our self-reliance and strength in science and technology, with nationwide R&D spending rising from 1 trillion yuan to 2.8 trillion yuan, the second highest in the world. Our country is now home to the largest cohort of R&D personnel in the world. We have grown stronger in basic research and original innovation, made breakthroughs in some core technologies in key fields, and boosted emerging strategic industries. We have witnessed major successes on multiple fronts, including manned spaceflight, lunar and Martian exploration, deep sea and deep earth probes, supercomputers, satellite navigation, quantum information, nuclear power technology, new energy technology, airliner manufacturing, and biomedicine. China has joined the ranks of the world’s innovators. |
| ——我們以巨大的政治勇氣全面深化改革，打響改革攻堅戰，加強改革頂層設計，敢於突進深水區，敢於啃硬骨頭，敢於涉險灘，敢於面對新矛盾新挑戰，衝破思想觀念束縛，突破利益固化藩籬，堅決破除各方面體制機制弊端，各領域基礎性制度框架基本建立，許多領域實現歷史性變革、系統性重塑、整體性重構，新一輪黨和國家機構改革全面完成，中國特色社會主義制度更加成熟更加定型，國家治理體系和治理能力現代化水平明顯提高。 | —We have comprehensively deepened reform with tremendous political courage. We have carried out critical tasks and enhanced top-level design for reform. We have dared to brave uncharted waters, take on tough problems, navigate potential dangers, and face new issues and challenges. We have broken the shackles of stale thinking, torn down barriers erected by vested interests, and removed institutional obstacles in all areas. This has enabled us to put in place foundational institutional frameworks in all sectors, to achieve historic, systemic, and holistic transformations in many fields, and to complete a new round of reform in Party and state institutions. The system of socialism with Chinese characteristics has become more mature and well-defined, and China’s system and capacity for governance have been further modernized. |
| ——我們實行更加積極主動的開放戰略，構建面向全球的高標準自由貿易區網絡，加快推進自由貿易試驗區、海南自由貿易港建設，共建「一帶一路」成為深受歡迎的國際公共產品和國際合作平台。我國成為一百四十多個國家和地區的主要貿易夥伴，貨物貿易總額居世界第一，吸引外資和對外投資居世界前列，形成更大範圍、更寬領域、更深層次對外開放格局。 | —We have pursued a more proactive strategy of opening up. We have worked to build a globally-oriented network of high-standard free trade areas and accelerated the development of pilot free trade zones and the Hainan Free Trade Port. As a collaborative endeavor, the Belt and Road Initiative has been welcomed by the international community both as a public good and a cooperation platform. China has become a major trading partner for more than 140 countries and regions, it leads the world in total volume of trade in goods, and it is a major destination for global investment and a leading country in outbound investment. Through these efforts, we have advanced a broader agenda of opening up across more areas and in greater depth. |
| ——我們堅持走中國特色社會主義政治發展道路，全面發展全過程人民民主，社會主義民主政治制度化、規範化、程序化全面推進，社會主義協商民主廣泛開展，人民當家作主更為紮實，基層民主活力增強，愛國統一戰線鞏固拓展，民族團結進步呈現新氣象，黨的宗教工作基本方針得到全面貫徹，人權得到更好保障。社會主義法治國家建設深入推進，全面依法治國總體格局基本形成，中國特色社會主義法治體系加快建設，司法體制改革取得重大進展，社會公平正義保障更為堅實，法治中國建設開創新局面。 | —We have kept to the path of socialist political advancement with Chinese characteristics. We have comprehensively developed whole-process people’s democracy, made all-around progress in improving the institutions, standards, and procedures of our socialist democracy, and advanced socialist consultative democracy by way of extensive participation. We have reinforced the foundations that undergird the people’s running of the country, injected fresh vitality into democracy at the community level, and consolidated and expanded the patriotic united front. We have made new accomplishments in promoting ethnic unity and progress, fully implemented the Party’s basic policy on religious affairs, and provided better protections for human rights. We have intensified efforts to advance socialist rule of law in our country, and a comprehensive framework for law-based governance has taken shape. We have sped up work on developing the system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics. We have made major progress in reforming the judicial system, thus providing more effective protection for social fairness and justice. These efforts have opened new ground for advancing the rule of law in China. |
| ——我們確立和堅持馬克思主義在意識形態領域指導地位的根本制度，新時代黨的創新理論深入人心，社會主義核心價值觀廣泛傳播，中華優秀傳統文化得到創造性轉化、創新性發展，文化事業日益繁榮，網絡生態持續向好，意識形態領域形勢發生全局性、根本性轉變。我們隆重慶祝中國人民解放軍建軍九十周年、改革開放四十周年，隆重紀念中國人民抗日戰爭暨世界反法西斯戰爭勝利七十周年、中國人民志願軍抗美援朝出國作戰七十周年，成功舉辦北京冬奧會、冬殘奧會，青年一代更加積極向上，全黨全國各族人民文化自信明顯增強、精神面貌更加奮發昂揚。 | —We have established and upheld a foundational system for ensuring the guiding role of Marxism in the ideological domain. The Party’s new theory for the new era has been embraced by the people, the core socialist values are resonating with the public, fine traditional Chinese culture is undergoing creative transformation and development, cultural programs are flourishing, and the online environment has seen continuous improvement. All this has brought overarching and fundamental changes in China’s ideological landscape.
We celebrated the 90th anniversary of the founding of the People’s Liberation Army, the 40th anniversary of the launch of reform and opening up, the 70th anniversary of victory in the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the global war against fascism, and the 70th anniversary of the Chinese People’s Volunteers』 departure for Korea to resist US aggression and aid Korea. The 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics and Paralympics were a great success. Our young people are filled with greater optimism and enterprise, and there is a notably stronger sense of cultural confidence and a higher level of morale throughout the Party and the nation. |
| ——我們深入貫徹以人民為中心的發展思想，在幼有所育、學有所教、勞有所得、病有所醫、老有所養、住有所居、弱有所扶上持續用力，人民生活全方位改善。人均預期壽命增長到七十八點二歲。居民人均可支配收入從一萬六千五百元增加到三萬五千一百元。城鎮新增就業年均一千三百萬人以上。建成世界上規模最大的教育體系、社會保障體系、醫療衛生體系，教育普及水平實現歷史性跨越，基本養老保險覆蓋十億四千萬人，基本醫療保險參保率穩定在百分之九十五。及時調整生育政策。改造棚戶區住房四千二百多萬套，改造農村危房二千四百多萬戶，城鄉居民住房條件明顯改善。互聯網上網人數達十億三千萬人。人民群眾獲得感、幸福感、安全感更加充實、更有保障、更可持續，共同富裕取得新成效。 | —We have implemented a people-centered philosophy of development. We have worked continuously to ensure people’s access to childcare, education, employment, medical services, elderly care, housing, and social assistance, thus bringing about an all-around improvement in people’s lives. China’s life expectancy has reached 78.2 years, its per capita disposable annual income has risen from 16,500 yuan to 35,100 yuan, and more than 13 million urban jobs have been created each year on average over the past 10 years. We have built the largest education, social security, and healthcare systems in the world. These achievements have allowed us to make historic strides in making education universally available, bring 1.04 billion people under the coverage of basic old-age insurance, and ensure basic medical insurance for 95 percent of the population. Timely adjustments have been made to the childbirth policy. More than 42 million housing units in run-down urban areas and more than 24 million dilapidated rural houses have been rebuilt, marking a significant improvement in housing conditions in both urban and rural areas. The number of internet users has reached 1.03 billion. We have ensured a more complete and lasting sense of fulfillment, happiness, and security for our people, and we have made further progress in achieving common prosperity for all. |
| ——我們堅持綠水青山就是金山銀山的理念，堅持山水林田湖草沙一體化保護和系統治理，全方位、全地域、全過程加強生態環境保護，生態文明制度體系更加健全，污染防治攻堅向縱深推進，綠色、循環、低碳發展邁出堅實步伐，生態環境保護髮生歷史性、轉折性、全局性變化，我們的祖國天更藍、山更綠、水更清。 | —We have acted on the idea that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets. We have persisted with a holistic and systematic approach to conserving and improving mountain, water, forest, farmland, grassland, and desert ecosystems, and we have ensured stronger ecological conservation and environmental protection across the board, in all regions, and at all times. China’s ecological conservation systems have been improved, the critical battle against pollution has been advanced, and solid progress has been made in promoting green, circular, and low-carbon development. This has led to historic, transformative, and comprehensive changes in ecological and environmental protection and has brought us bluer skies, greener mountains, and cleaner waters. |
| ——我們貫徹總體國家安全觀，國家安全領導體制和法治體系、戰略體系、政策體系不斷完善，在原則問題上寸步不讓，以堅定的意志品質維護國家主權、安全、發展利益，國家安全得到全面加強。共建共治共享的社會治理制度進一步健全，民族分裂勢力、宗教極端勢力、暴力恐怖勢力得到有效遏制，掃黑除惡專項鬥爭取得階段性成果，有力應對一系列重大自然災害，平安中國建設邁向更高水平。 | —We have applied a holistic approach to national security. We have steadily improved the leadership, legal, strategy, and policy systems for national security. We have not yielded any ground on matters of principle, and we have resolutely safeguarded China’s sovereignty, security, and development interests. National security has thus been strengthened on all fronts. We have further improved the social governance system based on collaboration, participation, and shared benefits. We have effectively contained ethnic separatists, religious extremists, and violent terrorists and secured important progress in the campaigns to combat and root out organized crime. We have responded effectively to major natural disasters. The Peaceful China Initiative has entered a new stage. |
| ——我們確立黨在新時代的強軍目標，貫徹新時代黨的強軍思想，貫徹新時代軍事戰略方針，堅持黨對人民軍隊的絕對領導，召開古田全軍政治工作會議，以整風精神推進政治整訓，牢固樹立戰鬥力這個唯一的根本的標準，堅決把全軍工作重心歸正到備戰打仗上來，統籌加強各方向各領域軍事鬥爭，大抓實戰化軍事訓練，大刀闊斧深化國防和軍隊改革，重構人民軍隊領導指揮體制、現代軍事力量體系、軍事政策制度，加快國防和軍隊現代化建設，裁減現役員額三十萬勝利完成，人民軍隊體制一新、結構一新、格局一新、面貌一新，現代化水平和實戰能力顯著提升，中國特色強軍之路越走越寬廣。 | —We have set the Party’s goal of building a strong military in the new era. We have implemented the Party’s thinking on strengthening the military for the new era, followed the military strategy for the new era, and upheld absolute Party leadership over the people’s armed forces. We held a meeting on military political work in Gutian in 2014 and improved political conduct through rectification initiatives. Having established combat effectiveness as the sole criterion, we have acted with resolve to focus the entire military’s attention on combat readiness. We have coordinated efforts to strengthen military work in all directions and domains and devoted great energy to training under combat conditions. We have carried out bold reforms of national defense and the armed forces, restructuring the military leadership and command systems, the modern armed forces system, and the military policy system. We have moved faster to modernize our national defense and the armed forces and reduced the number of active service personnel by 300,000. With new systems, a new structure, a new configuration, and a new look, the people’s armed forces have become a much more modern and capable fighting force, and the Chinese path to building a strong military is growing ever broader. |
| ——我們全面準確推進「一國兩制」實踐，堅持「一國兩制」、「港人治港」、「澳人治澳」、高度自治的方針，推動香港進入由亂到治走向由治及興的新階段，香港、澳門保持長期穩定發展良好態勢。我們提出新時代解決台灣問題的總體方略，促進兩岸交流合作，堅決反對「台獨」分裂行徑，堅決反對外部勢力干涉，牢牢把握兩岸關係主導權和主動權。 | —We have fully and faithfully implemented the policy of One Country, Two Systems. We have upheld the policy of One Country, Two Systems, under which the people of Hong Kong administer Hong Kong and the people of Macao administer Macao, both with a high degree of autonomy. We have helped Hong Kong enter a new stage in which it has restored order and is set to thrive, and we have seen both Hong Kong and Macao maintain good momentum for long-term stability and development. We have put forward an overall policy framework for resolving the Taiwan question in the new era and facilitated cross-Strait exchanges and cooperation. We have resolutely opposed separatist activities aimed at 「Taiwan independence」 and foreign interference. We have thus maintained the initiative and the ability to steer in cross-Strait relations. |
| ——我們全面推進中國特色大國外交，推動構建人類命運共同體，堅定維護國際公平正義，倡導踐行真正的多邊主義，旗幟鮮明反對一切霸權主義和強權政治，毫不動搖反對任何單邊主義、保護主義、霸凌行徑。我們完善外交總體布局，積極建設覆蓋全球的夥伴關係網絡，推動構建新型國際關係。我們展現負責任大國擔當，積極參與全球治理體系改革和建設，全面開展抗擊新冠肺炎疫情國際合作，贏得廣泛國際讚譽，我國國際影響力、感召力、塑造力顯著提升。 | —We have pursued major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics on all fronts. We have promoted the development of a human community with a shared future and stood firm in protecting international fairness and justice. We have advocated and practiced true multilateralism. We have taken a clear-cut stance against hegemonism and power politics in all their forms, and we have never wavered in our opposition to unilateralism, protectionism, and bullying of any kind. We have improved China’s overall diplomatic agenda and worked actively to build a global network of partnerships and foster a new type of international relations. We have demonstrated China’s sense of duty as a responsible major country, actively participating in the reform and development of the global governance system and engaging in all-around international cooperation in the fight against Covid-19. All this has seen us win widespread international recognition. China’s international influence, appeal, and power to shape have risen markedly. |
| ——我們深入推進全面從嚴治黨，堅持打鐵必須自身硬，從制定和落實中央八項規定開局破題，提出和落實新時代黨的建設總要求，以黨的政治建設統領黨的建設各項工作，堅持思想建黨和制度治黨同向發力，嚴肅黨內政治生活，持續開展黨內集中教育，提出和堅持新時代黨的組織路線，突出政治標準選賢任能，加強政治巡視，形成比較完善的黨內法規體系，推動全黨堅定理想信念、嚴密組織體系、嚴明紀律規矩。我們持之以恆正風肅紀，以釘釘子精神糾治「四風」，反對特權思想和特權現象，堅決整治群眾身邊的不正之風和腐敗問題，剎住了一些長期沒有剎住的歪風，糾治了一些多年未除的頑瘴痼疾。我們開展了史無前例的反腐敗鬥爭，以「得罪千百人、不負十四億」的使命擔當祛疴治亂，不敢腐、不能腐、不想腐一體推進，「打虎」、「拍蠅」、「獵狐」多管齊下，反腐敗鬥爭取得壓倒性勝利並全面鞏固，消除了黨、國家、軍隊內部存在的嚴重隱患，確保黨和人民賦予的權力始終用來為人民謀幸福。經過不懈努力，黨找到了自我革命這一跳出治亂興衰歷史周期率的第二個答案，自我淨化、自我完善、自我革新、自我提高能力顯著增強，管黨治黨寬鬆軟狀況得到根本扭轉，風清氣正的黨內政治生態不斷形成和發展，確保黨永遠不變質、不變色、不變味。 | —We have made significant advances in exercising full and rigorous Party self-governance. Guided by the belief that it takes a good blacksmith to forge good steel, we kicked off our efforts by formulating and implementing the central Party leadership’s eight-point decision on improving conduct. We have put forward and implemented the general requirements for strengthening the Party in the new era. We have set strengthening ourselves politically as the overarching guide for all other initiatives of Party building, and we have made sure that our ideological work is aligned with our institution building efforts. Intraparty political activities have been conducted in earnest, and we have continued to carry out intensive education initiatives. We have formulated and implemented the Party’s organizational line for the new era and placed an emphasis on political commitment in selecting and appointing officials. Political inspections have been strengthened, and a sound system of Party regulations has taken shape. These moves have enabled the entire Party to maintain firm ideals and convictions and have strengthened the Party’s organizational system and tightened discipline and rules.
We have worked ceaselessly to improve Party conduct and enforce Party discipline. We have hammered away at the task of rectifying pointless formalities, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance; opposed privilege-seeking mindsets and practices; and taken strong action to address misconduct and corruption that occur at people’s doorsteps. Thanks to these efforts, unhealthy tendencies that had long gone unchecked have been reversed, and deep-seated problems that had plagued us for years have been remedied. We have waged a battle against corruption on a scale unprecedented in our history. Driven by a strong sense of mission, we have resolved to 「offend a few thousand rather than fail 1.4 billion」 and to clear our Party of all its ills. We have taken coordinated steps to see that officials do not have the audacity, opportunity, or desire to be corrupt, and we have used a combination of measures to 「take out tigers,」 「swat flies,」 and 「hunt down foxes,」 punishing corrupt officials of all types. We have achieved an overwhelming victory and fully consolidated the gains in our fight against corruption. All this has helped remove serious hidden dangers in the Party, the country, and the military and ensured that the power granted to us by the Party and the people is always exercised in the interests of the people. Through painstaking efforts, the Party has found a second answer to the question of how to escape the historical cycle of rise and fall. The answer is self-reform. We have significantly boosted the Party’s ability to purify, improve, renew, and excel itself, addressed the problem of lax and weak self-governance in Party organizations at the root, and steadily fostered and developed a political atmosphere of integrity within the Party. By doing so, we have ensured that the Party will never change its nature, its conviction, or its character. |
| 在充分肯定黨和國家事業取得舉世矚目成就的同時，必須清醒看到，我們的工作還存在一些不足，面臨不少困難和問題。主要有：發展不平衡不充分問題仍然突出，推進高質量發展還有許多卡點瓶頸，科技創新能力還不強；確保糧食、能源、產業鏈供應鏈可靠安全和防範金融風險還須解決許多重大問題；重點領域改革還有不少硬骨頭要啃；意識形態領域存在不少挑戰；城鄉區域發展和收入分配差距仍然較大；群眾在就業、教育、醫療、托育、養老、住房等方面面臨不少難題；生態環境保護任務依然艱巨；一些黨員、幹部缺乏擔當精神，鬥爭本領不強，實幹精神不足，形式主義、官僚主義現象仍較突出；剷除腐敗滋生土壤任務依然艱巨，等等。對這些問題，我們已經採取一系列措施加以解決，今後必須加大工作力度。 | As we fully affirm the remarkable achievements we have made in the cause of the Party and the country, we must not lose sight of the shortcomings in our work and the many difficulties and problems confronting us. They are mainly as follows:
Imbalances and inadequacies in development remain a prominent problem. There are many bottlenecks hindering high-quality development, and China’s capacity for scientific and technological innovation is not yet strong enough. Many major issues need to be resolved in order to guard against financial risks and ensure that food, energy, and industrial and supply chains are secure and reliable. There are still many tough issues to be addressed in the reform of key areas. Quite a few challenges exist in the ideological domain. There are still wide gaps in development and income distribution between urban and rural areas and between regions. Our people face many difficulties in areas such as employment, education, medical services, childcare, elderly care, and housing. Ecological conservation and environmental protection remain a formidable task. Some Party members and officials lack a strong sense of responsibility, the capacity to grapple with tough challenges, and the readiness to get down to work. Pointless formalities and bureaucratism remain rather pronounced. Eradicating breeding grounds for corruption is still an arduous task. We have already put in place a series of measures to deal with these problems, and we must redouble our efforts to see them fully resolved. |
| 同志們！新時代的偉大成就是黨和人民一道拼出來、干出來、奮鬥出來的！在這裡，我代表中共中央，向全體中國共產黨員，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團體和各界愛國人士，向香港特別行政區同胞、澳門特別行政區同胞和台灣同胞以及廣大僑胞，向關心和支持中國現代化建設的各國朋友，表示衷心的感謝！ | Comrades,
The great achievements of the new era have come from the collective dedication and hard work of our Party and our people. Here, on behalf of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, I express our heartfelt gratitude to all of our Party members, to the people of all ethnic groups, to all other political parties, people’s organizations, and patriotic figures from all sectors of society, to our fellow compatriots in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions, in Taiwan, and overseas, and to all our friends around the world who have shown understanding and support for China’s modernization drive. |
| 新時代十年的偉大變革，在黨史、新中國史、改革開放史、社會主義發展史、中華民族發展史上具有里程碑意義。走過百年奮鬥歷程的中國共產黨在革命性鍛造中更加堅強有力，黨的政治領導力、思想引領力、群眾組織力、社會號召力顯著增強，黨同人民群眾始終保持血肉聯繫，中國共產黨在世界形勢深刻變化的歷史進程中始終走在時代前列，在應對國內外各種風險和考驗的歷史進程中始終成為全國人民的主心骨，在堅持和發展中國特色社會主義的歷史進程中始終成為堅強領導核心。中國人民的前進動力更加強大、奮鬥精神更加昂揚、必勝信念更加堅定，煥發出更為強烈的歷史自覺和主動精神，中國共產黨和中國人民正信心百倍推進中華民族從站起來、富起來到強起來的偉大飛躍。改革開放和社會主義現代化建設深入推進，書寫了經濟快速發展和社會長期穩定兩大奇蹟新篇章，我國發展具備了更為堅實的物質基礎、更為完善的制度保證，實現中華民族偉大復興進入了不可逆轉的歷史進程。科學社會主義在二十一世紀的中國煥發出新的蓬勃生機，中國式現代化為人類實現現代化提供了新的選擇，中國共產黨和中國人民為解決人類面臨的共同問題提供更多更好的中國智慧、中國方案、中國力量，為人類和平與發展崇高事業作出新的更大的貢獻！ | The great transformation over the past 10 years of the new era marks a milestone in the history of the Party, of the People’s Republic of China, of reform and opening up, of the development of socialism, and of the development of the Chinese nation. Over the course of a century of endeavor, the Communist Party of China has tempered itself through revolution and grown stronger. It has grown better at providing political leadership, giving theoretical guidance, organizing the people, and inspiring society, all while maintaining a close bond with the people. Throughout the Party’s history, as the world has undergone profound changes, it has always remained at the forefront of the times. As we have responded to risks and tests at home and abroad, the Party has always remained the backbone of the nation. And as we have upheld and developed socialism with Chinese characteristics, the Party has always remained a strong leadership core.
The Chinese people are more inspired than ever to forge ahead, more resolved than ever to work hard, and more confident than ever of securing success. They are filled with a stronger sense of history and initiative. With full confidence, the Communist Party of China and the Chinese people are driving the great transformation of the Chinese nation from standing up and growing prosperous to becoming strong. We have advanced reform, opening up, and socialist modernization and have written a new chapter on the miracles of fast economic growth and long-term social stability. China now has more solid material foundations and stronger institutional underpinnings for pursuing development. The rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is now on an irreversible historical course. Scientific socialism is brimming with renewed vitality in 21st-century China. Chinese modernization offers humanity a new choice for achieving modernization. The Communist Party of China and the Chinese people have provided humanity with more Chinese insight, better Chinese input, and greater Chinese strength to help solve its common challenges and have made new and greater contributions to the noble cause of human peace and development. |
| 二、開闢馬克思主義中國化時代化新境界 | II. A New Frontier in Adapting Marxism to the Chinese Context and the Needs of the Times |
| 馬克思主義是我們立黨立國、興黨興國的根本指導思想。實踐告訴我們，中國共產黨為什麼能，中國特色社會主義為什麼好，歸根到底是馬克思主義行，是中國化時代化的馬克思主義行。擁有馬克思主義科學理論指導是我們黨堅定信仰信念、把握歷史主動的根本所在。 | Marxism is the fundamental guiding ideology upon which our Party and our country are founded and thrive. Our experience has taught us that, at the fundamental level, we owe the success of our Party and socialism with Chinese characteristics to the fact that Marxism works, particularly when it is adapted to the Chinese context and the needs of our times. The sound theoretical guidance of Marxism is the source from which our Party draws its firm belief and conviction and which enables our Party to seize the historical initiative. |
| 推進馬克思主義中國化時代化是一個追求真理、揭示真理、篤行真理的過程。十八大以來，國內外形勢新變化和實踐新要求，迫切需要我們從理論和實踐的結合上深入回答關係黨和國家事業發展、黨治國理政的一系列重大時代課題。我們黨勇於進行理論探索和創新，以全新的視野深化對共產黨執政規律、社會主義建設規律、人類社會發展規律的認識，取得重大理論創新成果，集中體現為新時代中國特色社會主義思想。十九大、十九屆六中全會提出的「十個明確」、「十四個堅持」、「十三個方面成就」概括了這一思想的主要內容，必須長期堅持並不斷豐富發展。 | Adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times is a process of seeking, revealing, and applying truth. With new changes and practical demands emerging both in and outside of China since the 18th National Congress, there was an urgent need for us to provide in-depth theoretical and practical answers to a series of epochal questions on the cause of the Party and the country as well as the Party’s governance of China.
With the courage to make theoretical explorations and innovations, our Party has, from an entirely new perspective, deepened its understanding of the laws that underlie governance by a communist party, the development of socialism, and the evolution of human society. It has achieved major theoretical innovations, which are encapsulated in the Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. The main elements of this theory are summarized in the 10 affirmations, the 14 commitments, and the 13 areas of achievement that were articulated at the 19th National Congress and the Sixth Plenary Session of the 19th Party Central Committee, all of which we must adhere to over the long term and continue to enrich and develop. |
| 中國共產黨人深刻認識到，只有把馬克思主義基本原理同中國具體實際相結合、同中華優秀傳統文化相結合，堅持運用辯證唯物主義和歷史唯物主義，才能正確回答時代和實踐提出的重大問題，才能始終保持馬克思主義的蓬勃生機和旺盛活力。 | Chinese Communists are keenly aware that only by integrating the basic tenets of Marxism with China’s specific realities and fine traditional culture and only by applying dialectical and historical materialism can we provide correct answers to the major questions presented by the times and discovered through practice and can we ensure that Marxism always retains its vigor and vitality. |
| 堅持和發展馬克思主義，必須同中國具體實際相結合。我們堅持以馬克思主義為指導，是要運用其科學的世界觀和方法論解決中國的問題，而不是要背誦和重複其具體結論和詞句，更不能把馬克思主義當成一成不變的教條。我們必須堅持解放思想、實事求是、與時俱進、求真務實，一切從實際出發，着眼解決新時代改革開放和社會主義現代化建設的實際問題，不斷回答中國之問、世界之問、人民之問、時代之問，作出符合中國實際和時代要求的正確回答，得出符合客觀規律的科學認識，形成與時俱進的理論成果，更好指導中國實踐。 | To uphold and develop Marxism, we must integrate it with China’s specific realities. Taking Marxism as our guide means applying its worldview and methodology to solving problems in China; it does not mean memorizing and reciting its specific conclusions and lines, and still less does it mean treating it as a rigid dogma. We must continue to free our minds, seek truth from facts, move with the times, and take a realistic and pragmatic approach. We must base everything we do on actual conditions and focus on solving real problems arising in our reform, opening up, and socialist modernization endeavors in the new era. We must keep responding to the questions posed by China, by the world, by the people, and by the times; in doing so, we should find the right answers suited to the realities of China and the needs of our day, reach conclusions that are compatible with objective laws, and develop new theories that are in step with the times, so as to provide better guidance for China’s practice. |
| 堅持和發展馬克思主義，必須同中華優秀傳統文化相結合。只有植根本國、本民族歷史文化沃土，馬克思主義真理之樹才能根深葉茂。中華優秀傳統文化源遠流長、博大精深，是中華文明的智慧結晶，其中蘊含的天下為公、民為邦本、為政以德、革故鼎新、任人唯賢、天人合一、自強不息、厚德載物、講信修睦、親仁善鄰等，是中國人民在長期生產生活中積累的宇宙觀、天下觀、社會觀、道德觀的重要體現，同科學社會主義價值觀主張具有高度契合性。我們必須堅定歷史自信、文化自信，堅持古為今用、推陳出新，把馬克思主義思想精髓同中華優秀傳統文化精華貫通起來、同人民群眾日用而不覺的共同價值觀念融通起來，不斷賦予科學理論鮮明的中國特色，不斷夯實馬克思主義中國化時代化的歷史基礎和群眾基礎，讓馬克思主義在中國牢牢紮根。 | To uphold and develop Marxism, we must integrate it with China’s fine traditional culture. Only by taking root in the rich historical and cultural soil of the country and the nation can the truth of Marxism flourish here. With a history stretching back to antiquity, China’s fine traditional culture is extensive and profound; it is the crystallization of the wisdom of Chinese civilization. Our traditional culture espouses many important principles and concepts, including pursuing common good for all; regarding the people as the foundation of the state; governing by virtue; discarding the outdated in favor of the new; selecting officials on the basis of merit; promoting harmony between humanity and nature; ceaselessly pursuing self-improvement; embracing the world with virtue; acting in good faith and being friendly to others; and fostering neighborliness. These maxims, which have taken shape over centuries of work and life, reflect the Chinese people’s way of viewing the universe, the world, society, and morality and are highly consistent with the values and propositions of scientific socialism.
We must stay confident in our history and culture, make the past serve the present, and develop the new from the old. We must integrate the essence of Marxism with the best of fine traditional Chinese culture and with the common values that our people intuitively apply in their everyday lives. We should keep endowing Marxist theory with distinctive Chinese features and consolidating the historical basis and public support for adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of our times. With this, we will ensure that Marxism puts down deep roots in China. |
| 實踐沒有止境，理論創新也沒有止境。不斷譜寫馬克思主義中國化時代化新篇章，是當代中國共產黨人的莊嚴歷史責任。繼續推進實踐基礎上的理論創新，首先要把握好新時代中國特色社會主義思想的世界觀和方法論，堅持好、運用好貫穿其中的立場觀點方法。 | Just as there are no bounds to practice, there is no end to theoretical innovation. It is the solemn historical responsibility of today’s Chinese Communists to continue opening new chapters in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and the needs of the times. To keep advancing theoretical innovation on the basis of practical experience, we must, first of all, gain a good command of the worldview and methodology of the Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and adhere to and make good use of its stances, viewpoints, and methods. |
| ——必須堅持人民至上。人民性是馬克思主義的本質屬性，黨的理論是來自人民、為了人民、造福人民的理論，人民的創造性實踐是理論創新的不竭源泉。一切脫離人民的理論都是蒼白無力的，一切不為人民造福的理論都是沒有生命力的。我們要站穩人民立場、把握人民願望、尊重人民創造、集中人民智慧，形成為人民所喜愛、所認同、所擁有的理論，使之成為指導人民認識世界和改造世界的強大思想武器。 | —We must put the people first. People-centeredness is an essential attribute of Marxism. Our Party’s theories are from the people, for the people, and beneficial to the people. The people’s creative practices are the inexhaustible source of our theoretical innovations. Theories that are detached from the people will be feeble and ineffective, and theories that cannot deliver for the people will be stale and lifeless. We must stand firmly with the people, respond to their wishes, respect their creativity, and pool their wisdom to develop theories that they like, accept, and adopt and that become powerful tools guiding them in understanding and changing the world. |
| ——必須堅持自信自立。中國人民和中華民族從近代以後的深重苦難走向偉大復興的光明前景，從來就沒有教科書，更沒有現成答案。黨的百年奮鬥成功道路是黨領導人民獨立自主探索開闢出來的，馬克思主義的中國篇章是中國共產黨人依靠自身力量實踐出來的，貫穿其中的一個基本點就是中國的問題必須從中國基本國情出發，由中國人自己來解答。我們要堅持對馬克思主義的堅定信仰、對中國特色社會主義的堅定信念，堅定道路自信、理論自信、制度自信、文化自信，以更加積極的歷史擔當和創造精神為發展馬克思主義作出新的貢獻，既不能刻舟求劍、封閉僵化，也不能照抄照搬、食洋不化。 | —We must maintain self-confidence and stand on our own feet. There has never been an instruction manual or ready-made solution for the Chinese people and the Chinese nation to turn to as they fought to end the great sufferings endured since the advent of modern times and have moved on toward the bright future of rejuvenation. The Party has led the people in independently blazing the path to success over the past century, and the success of Marxism in China has been realized by Chinese Communists through our own endeavors. One point underpinning these successes is that China’s issues must be dealt with by Chinese people in light of the Chinese context. We must remain firm in our conviction in Marxism and socialism with Chinese characteristics and strengthen our confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics. With a stronger sense of historical responsibility and creativity, we should make greater contributions to the development of Marxism. We should never act blindly without assessing how conditions have evolved or allow ourselves to become ossified or closed off, nor should we mechanically imitate others or indiscriminately absorb foreign ideas. |
| ——必須堅持守正創新。我們從事的是前無古人的偉大事業，守正才能不迷失方向、不犯顛覆性錯誤，創新才能把握時代、引領時代。我們要以科學的態度對待科學、以真理的精神追求真理，堅持馬克思主義基本原理不動搖，堅持黨的全面領導不動搖，堅持中國特色社會主義不動搖，緊跟時代步伐，順應實踐發展，以滿腔熱忱對待一切新生事物，不斷拓展認識的廣度和深度，敢於說前人沒有說過的新話，敢於干前人沒有幹過的事情，以新的理論指導新的實踐。 | —We must uphold fundamental principles and break new ground. We are advancing a great cause that none have attempted before. Only by upholding fundamental principles can we avoid losing our bearings or making catastrophic mistakes. Only by breaking new ground can we meet the call of the day and shape the trends of our times. We should approach Marxism with a respect for science and in the spirit of seeking truth. We must never waver in upholding the basic tenets of Marxism, the overall leadership of the Party, and socialism with Chinese characteristics. We should keep pace with the times and adapt to the evolution of practice. We should approach each and every new thing with great enthusiasm and never stop broadening and deepening our understanding of the world. We must dare to say what has never been said and do what has never been done, and we must use new theory to guide new practice. |
| ——必須堅持問題導向。問題是時代的聲音，回答並指導解決問題是理論的根本任務。今天我們所面臨問題的複雜程度、解決問題的艱巨程度明顯加大，給理論創新提出了全新要求。我們要增強問題意識，聚焦實踐遇到的新問題、改革發展穩定存在的深層次問題、人民群眾急難愁盼問題、國際變局中的重大問題、黨的建設面臨的突出問題，不斷提出真正解決問題的新理念新思路新辦法。 | —We must adopt a problem-oriented approach. Problems represent the voice of the times. The fundamental task of theory is to respond to problems and provide guidelines for finding solutions. The problems we face today are considerably more complex, and resolving them has become much more difficult. This presents a completely new challenge for theoretical innovation. We must be more conscious of problems, especially new problems that are discovered through practice, deep-seated problems affecting reform, development, and stability, pressing concerns of the people, major issues in the evolving global landscape, and prominent issues we face in Party building. We should keep developing new thinking, new approaches, and new ways to effectively resolve problems. |
| ——必須堅持系統觀念。萬事萬物是相互聯繫、相互依存的。只有用普遍聯繫的、全面系統的、發展變化的觀點觀察事物，才能把握事物發展規律。我國是一個發展中大國，仍處於社會主義初級階段，正在經歷廣泛而深刻的社會變革，推進改革發展、調整利益關係往往牽一髮而動全身。我們要善於通過歷史看現實、透過現象看本質，把握好全局和局部、當前和長遠、宏觀和微觀、主要矛盾和次要矛盾、特殊和一般的關係，不斷提高戰略思維、歷史思維、辯證思維、系統思維、創新思維、法治思維、底線思維能力，為前瞻性思考、全局性謀劃、整體性推進黨和國家各項事業提供科學思想方法。 | —We must apply systems thinking. All things are interconnected and interdependent. We must view them with the understanding that they are universally connected, part of a complete system, and constantly evolving if we are to grasp the laws governing their development.
As a major developing country, China is still in the primary stage of socialism and is going through an extensive and profound social transformation. A small move made to advance reform and development or to adjust interests may affect the bigger picture. We should be able to see the present from a historical perspective, look beyond the surface to get to the crux of issues, and properly manage the relationships between overall and local interests, between the present and the future, between macro and micro concerns, between primary and secondary issues, and between the special and the ordinary. We should improve our ability to adopt a strategic perspective and apply a historical, dialectical, and systematic approach to thinking; we should get better at thinking creatively, thinking in terms of the rule of law, and considering worst-case scenarios. By doing so, we can develop a well-conceived approach to planning and advancing the endeavors of the Party and the country on all fronts in a forward-looking and holistic manner. |
| ——必須堅持胸懷天下。中國共產黨是為中國人民謀幸福、為中華民族謀復興的黨，也是為人類謀進步、為世界謀大同的黨。我們要拓展世界眼光，深刻洞察人類發展進步潮流，積極回應各國人民普遍關切，為解決人類面臨的共同問題作出貢獻，以海納百川的寬闊胸襟借鑑吸收人類一切優秀文明成果，推動建設更加美好的世界。 | —We must maintain a global vision. The Communist Party of China is dedicated to pursuing happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation. It is also dedicated to human progress and world harmony. We should expand our global vision and develop keen insight into the trends of human development and progress, respond to the general concerns of people of all countries, and play our part in resolving the common issues facing humankind. With an open mind, we should draw inspiration from all of human civilization’s outstanding achievements and work to build an even better world. |
| 三、新時代新征程中國共產黨的使命任務 | III. The New Journey of the New Era: Missions and Tasks of the Communist Party of China |
| 從現在起，中國共產黨的中心任務就是團結帶領全國各族人民全面建成社會主義現代化強國、實現第二個百年奮鬥目標，以中國式現代化全面推進中華民族偉大復興。 | From this day forward, the central task of the Communist Party of China will be to lead the Chinese people of all ethnic groups in a concerted effort to realize the Second Centenary Goal of building China into a great modern socialist country in all respects and to advance the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation on all fronts through a Chinese path to modernization. |
| 在新中國成立特別是改革開放以來長期探索和實踐基礎上，經過十八大以來在理論和實踐上的創新突破，我們黨成功推進和拓展了中國式現代化。 | Based on our decades of exploration and practice since the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, especially since the launch of reform and opening up in 1978, as well as the new breakthroughs made in theory and practice since the 18th National Congress, we have succeeded in advancing and expanding Chinese modernization. |
| 中國式現代化，是中國共產黨領導的社會主義現代化，既有各國現代化的共同特徵，更有基於自己國情的中國特色。 | Chinese modernization is socialist modernization pursued under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. It contains elements that are common to the modernization processes of all countries, but it is more characterized by features that are unique to the Chinese context. |
| ——中國式現代化是人口規模巨大的現代化。我國十四億多人口整體邁進現代化社會，規模超過現有發達國家人口的總和，艱巨性和複雜性前所未有，發展途徑和推進方式也必然具有自己的特點。我們始終從國情出發想問題、作決策、辦事情，既不好高騖遠，也不因循守舊，保持歷史耐心，堅持穩中求進、循序漸進、持續推進。 | —It is the modernization of a huge population. China is working to achieve modernization for more than 1.4 billion people, a number larger than the combined population of all developed countries in the world today. This is a task of unparalleled difficulty and complexity; it inevitably means that our pathways of development and methods of advancement will be unique. We will, as always, bear China’s realities in mind as we address issues, make decisions, and take action. We will neither pursue grandiose goals nor go by the rulebook. We will stay patient in advancing the course of history and take steady and incremental steps to sustain progress. |
| ——中國式現代化是全體人民共同富裕的現代化。共同富裕是中國特色社會主義的本質要求，也是一個長期的歷史過程。我們堅持把實現人民對美好生活的嚮往作為現代化建設的出發點和落腳點，着力維護和促進社會公平正義，着力促進全體人民共同富裕，堅決防止兩極分化。 | —It is the modernization of common prosperity for all. Achieving common prosperity is a defining feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics and involves a long historical process. The immutable goal of our modernization drive is to meet the people’s aspirations for a better life. We will endeavor to maintain and promote social fairness and justice, bring prosperity to all, and prevent polarization. |
| ——中國式現代化是物質文明和精神文明相協調的現代化。物質富足、精神富有是社會主義現代化的根本要求。物質貧困不是社會主義，精神貧乏也不是社會主義。我們不斷厚植現代化的物質基礎，不斷夯實人民幸福生活的物質條件，同時大力發展社會主義先進文化，加強理想信念教育，傳承中華文明，促進物的全面豐富和人的全面發展。 | —It is the modernization of material and cultural-ethical advancement. Material abundance and cultural-ethical enrichment are fundamental goals of socialist modernization. Material want is not socialism, nor is cultural impoverishment. While continuing to consolidate the material foundation for modernization and improve the material conditions for people’s wellbeing, we will strive to develop advanced socialist culture, foster strong ideals and convictions, and carry forward China’s cultural heritage. We will thus promote all-around material abundance as well as people’s well-rounded development. |
| ——中國式現代化是人與自然和諧共生的現代化。人與自然是生命共同體，無止境地向自然索取甚至破壞自然必然會遭到大自然的報復。我們堅持可持續發展，堅持節約優先、保護優先、自然恢復為主的方針，像保護眼睛一樣保護自然和生態環境，堅定不移走生產發展、生活富裕、生態良好的文明發展道路，實現中華民族永續發展。 | —It is the modernization of harmony between humanity and nature. Humanity and nature make up a community of life. If we extract from nature without limit or inflict damage on it, we are bound to face its retaliation. China is committed to sustainable development and to the principles of prioritizing resource conservation and environmental protection and letting nature restore itself. We will protect nature and the environment as we do our own lives. We will continue to pursue a model of sound development featuring improved production, higher living standards, and healthy ecosystems to ensure the sustainable development of the Chinese nation. |
| ——中國式現代化是走和平發展道路的現代化。我國不走一些國家通過戰爭、殖民、掠奪等方式實現現代化的老路，那種損人利己、充滿血腥罪惡的老路給廣大發展中國家人民帶來深重苦難。我們堅定站在歷史正確的一邊、站在人類文明進步的一邊，高舉和平、發展、合作、共贏旗幟，在堅定維護世界和平與發展中謀求自身發展，又以自身發展更好維護世界和平與發展。 | —It is the modernization of peaceful development. In pursuing modernization, China will not tread the old path of war, colonization, and plunder taken by some countries. That brutal and blood-stained path of enrichment at the expense of others caused great suffering for the people of developing countries. We will stand firmly on the right side of history and on the side of human progress. Dedicated to peace, development, cooperation, and mutual benefit, we will strive to safeguard world peace and development as we pursue our own development, and we will make greater contributions to world peace and development through our own development. |
| 中國式現代化的本質要求是：堅持中國共產黨領導，堅持中國特色社會主義，實現高質量發展，發展全過程人民民主，豐富人民精神世界，實現全體人民共同富裕，促進人與自然和諧共生，推動構建人類命運共同體，創造人類文明新形態。 | The essential requirements of Chinese modernization are as follows: upholding the leadership of the Communist Party of China and socialism with Chinese characteristics, pursuing high-quality development, developing whole-process people’s democracy, enriching the people’s cultural lives, achieving common prosperity for all, promoting harmony between humanity and nature, building a human community with a shared future, and creating a new form of human advancement. |
| 全面建成社會主義現代化強國，總的戰略安排是分兩步走：從二〇二〇年到二〇三五年基本實現社會主義現代化；從二〇三五年到本世紀中葉把我國建成富強民主文明和諧美麗的社會主義現代化強國。 | To build China into a great modern socialist country in all respects, we have adopted a two-step strategic plan:
· Basically realize socialist modernization from 2020 through 2035 · Build China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful from 2035 through the middle of this century |
| 到二〇三五年，我國發展的總體目標是：經濟實力、科技實力、綜合國力大幅躍升，人均國內生產總值邁上新的大台階，達到中等發達國家水平；實現高水平科技自立自強，進入創新型國家前列；建成現代化經濟體系，形成新發展格局，基本實現新型工業化、信息化、城鎮化、農業現代化；基本實現國家治理體系和治理能力現代化，全過程人民民主制度更加健全，基本建成法治國家、法治政府、法治社會；建成教育強國、科技強國、人才強國、文化強國、體育強國、健康中國，國家文化軟實力顯著增強；人民生活更加幸福美好，居民人均可支配收入再上新台階，中等收入群體比重明顯提高，基本公共服務實現均等化，農村基本具備現代生活條件，社會保持長期穩定，人的全面發展、全體人民共同富裕取得更為明顯的實質性進展；廣泛形成綠色生產生活方式，碳排放達峰後穩中有降，生態環境根本好轉，美麗中國目標基本實現；國家安全體系和能力全面加強，基本實現國防和軍隊現代化。 | China’s overall development objectives for the year 2035 are as follows:
· Significantly increase economic strength, scientific and technological capabilities, and composite national strength; substantially grow the per capita GDP to be on par with that of a mid-level developed country · Join the ranks of the world’s most innovative countries, with great self-reliance and strength in science and technology · Build a modernized economy; form a new pattern of development; basically achieve new industrialization, informatization, urbanization, and agricultural modernization · Basically modernize the system and capacity for governance; improve the system for whole-process people’s democracy; build a law-based country, government, and society · Become a leading country in education, science and technology, talent, culture, sports, and health; significantly enhance national soft power · Ensure that the people are leading better and happier lives; bring per capita disposable income to new heights; substantially grow the middle-income group as a share of the total population; guarantee equitable access to basic public services; ensure modern standards of living in rural areas; achieve long-term social stability; make more notable and substantive progress in promoting the people’s well-rounded development and prosperity for all · Broadly establish eco-friendly ways of work and life; steadily lower carbon emissions after reaching a peak; fundamentally improve the environment; largely accomplish the goal of building a Beautiful China · Comprehensively strengthen the national security system and national security capabilities; achieve basic modernization of national defense and the armed forces |
| 在基本實現現代化的基礎上，我們要繼續奮鬥，到本世紀中葉，把我國建設成為綜合國力和國際影響力領先的社會主義現代化強國。 | After basically realizing modernization, we will continue to work hard and build China into a great modern socialist country that leads the world in terms of composite national strength and international influence by the middle of the century. |
| 未來五年是全面建設社會主義現代化國家開局起步的關鍵時期，主要目標任務是：經濟高質量發展取得新突破，科技自立自強能力顯著提升，構建新發展格局和建設現代化經濟體系取得重大進展；改革開放邁出新步伐，國家治理體系和治理能力現代化深入推進，社會主義市場經濟體制更加完善，更高水平開放型經濟新體制基本形成；全過程人民民主制度化、規範化、程序化水平進一步提高，中國特色社會主義法治體系更加完善；人民精神文化生活更加豐富，中華民族凝聚力和中華文化影響力不斷增強；居民收入增長和經濟增長基本同步，勞動報酬提高與勞動生產率提高基本同步，基本公共服務均等化水平明顯提升，多層次社會保障體系更加健全；城鄉人居環境明顯改善，美麗中國建設成效顯著；國家安全更為鞏固，建軍一百年奮鬥目標如期實現，平安中國建設紮實推進；中國國際地位和影響進一步提高，在全球治理中發揮更大作用。 | The next five years will be crucial for getting our efforts to build a modern socialist country in all respects off to a good start. Our main objectives and tasks for this period are as follows:
Make breakthroughs in promoting high-quality economic development; achieve greater self-reliance and strength in science and technology; make major progress in creating a new pattern of development and building a modernized economy · Make new strides in reform and opening up; make further progress in modernizing China’s system and capacity for governance; further improve the socialist market economy; put in place new systems for a higher-standard open economy · Further enhance the institutions, standards, and procedures of whole-process people’s democracy; improve the system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics · Enrich the intellectual and cultural lives of our people; enhance the cohesion of the Chinese nation and the appeal of Chinese culture · Ensure personal income grows basically in step with economic growth and pay rises in tandem with increases in productivity; ensure much more equitable access to basic public services; develop a better multi-tiered social security system · Substantially improve urban and rural living environments; make notable progress in building a Beautiful China · Further consolidate national security; fulfill the goals for the centenary of the People’s Liberation Army in 2027; make solid progress in building a Peaceful China · Further increase China’s international standing and influence; enable China to play a greater role in global governance |
| 全面建設社會主義現代化國家，是一項偉大而艱巨的事業，前途光明，任重道遠。當前，世界百年未有之大變局加速演進，新一輪科技革命和產業變革深入發展，國際力量對比深刻調整，我國發展面臨新的戰略機遇。同時，世紀疫情影響深遠，逆全球化思潮抬頭，單邊主義、保護主義明顯上升，世界經濟復甦乏力，局部衝突和動盪頻發，全球性問題加劇，世界進入新的動盪變革期。我國改革發展穩定面臨不少深層次矛盾躲不開、繞不過，黨的建設特別是黨風廉政建設和反腐敗鬥爭面臨不少頑固性、多發性問題，來自外部的打壓遏制隨時可能升級。我國發展進入戰略機遇和風險挑戰並存、不確定難預料因素增多的時期，各種「黑天鵝」、「灰犀牛」事件隨時可能發生。我們必須增強憂患意識，堅持底線思維，做到居安思危、未雨綢繆，準備經受風高浪急甚至驚濤駭浪的重大考驗。前進道路上，必須牢牢把握以下重大原則。 | Building a modern socialist country in all respects is a great and arduous endeavor. Our future is bright, but we still have a long way to go. At present, momentous changes of a like not seen in a century are accelerating across the world. A new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation is well under way, and a significant shift is taking place in the international balance of power, presenting China with new strategic opportunities in pursuing development. At the same time, however, the once-in-a-century pandemic has had far-reaching effects; a backlash against globalization is rising; and unilateralism and protectionism are mounting. The global economic recovery is sluggish, regional conflicts and disturbances are frequent, and global issues are becoming more acute. The world has entered a new period of turbulence and change.
At home, we face many deep-seated problems regarding reform, development, and stability that cannot be avoided or bypassed. In our efforts to strengthen the Party, and especially to improve conduct, build integrity, and combat corruption, we are confronted with many stubborn and recurrent problems. External attempts to suppress and contain China may escalate at any time. Our country has entered a period of development in which strategic opportunities, risks, and challenges are concurrent and uncertainties and unforeseen factors are rising. Various 「black swan」 and 「gray rhino」 events may occur at any time. We must therefore be more mindful of potential dangers, be prepared to deal with worst-case scenarios, and be ready to withstand high winds, choppy waters, and even dangerous storms. On the journey ahead, we must firmly adhere to the following major principles. |
| ——堅持和加強黨的全面領導。堅決維護黨中央權威和集中統一領導，把黨的領導落實到黨和國家事業各領域各方面各環節，使黨始終成為風雨來襲時全體人民最可靠的主心骨，確保我國社會主義現代化建設正確方向，確保擁有團結奮鬥的強大政治凝聚力、發展自信心，集聚起萬眾一心、共克時艱的磅礴力量。 | —Upholding and strengthening the Party’s overall leadership. We must resolutely uphold the Party Central Committee’s authority and its centralized, unified leadership and see that Party leadership is exercised in all aspects and every stage of the endeavors of the Party and the country. This will ensure that our Party always remains the pillar that the Chinese people can lean on in times of difficulty, that our socialist modernization advances along the right path, and that we have the political cohesion and confidence in our development to inspire the people to strive in unity. It will see us forming a mighty force to overcome all difficulties with one heart and one mind. |
| ——堅持中國特色社會主義道路。堅持以經濟建設為中心，堅持四項基本原則，堅持改革開放，堅持獨立自主、自力更生，堅持道不變、志不改，既不走封閉僵化的老路，也不走改旗易幟的邪路，堅持把國家和民族發展放在自己力量的基點上，堅持把中國發展進步的命運牢牢掌握在自己手中。 | —Following the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics. We must continue to pursue economic development as our central task, uphold the Four Cardinal Principles,[2] remain committed to reform and opening up, and stay independent and self-reliant. We must keep to our path and not sway in our commitment. We must not return to the isolation and rigidity of the past, or veer off course by changing our nature or abandoning our system. We must develop our country and our nation with our own strength, and we must maintain a firm grasp on the future of China’s development and progress. |
| ——堅持以人民為中心的發展思想。維護人民根本利益，增進民生福祉，不斷實現發展為了人民、發展依靠人民、發展成果由人民共享，讓現代化建設成果更多更公平惠及全體人民。 | —Applying a people-centered development philosophy. We must protect the people’s fundamental interests, improve their wellbeing, and work tirelessly to ensure that development is for the people and by the people and that its fruits are shared by the people. We must do a better job of seeing that the gains of modernization benefit all our people fairly. |
| ——堅持深化改革開放。深入推進改革創新，堅定不移擴大開放，着力破解深層次體制機制障礙，不斷彰顯中國特色社會主義制度優勢，不斷增強社會主義現代化建設的動力和活力，把我國制度優勢更好轉化為國家治理效能。 | —Remaining committed to deepening reform and opening up. We must intensify efforts to advance reform and explore new ground, and we must remain steadfast in expanding opening up. We must work hard to remove deep-seated institutional barriers so as to fully tap into the strengths of socialism with Chinese characteristics and continuously imbue our socialist modernization endeavors with fresh dynamism and vitality. We must do better in translating our country’s institutional strengths into effective governance. |
| ——堅持發揚鬥爭精神。增強全黨全國各族人民的志氣、骨氣、底氣，不信邪、不怕鬼、不怕壓，知難而進、迎難而上，統籌發展和安全，全力戰勝前進道路上各種困難和挑戰，依靠頑強鬥爭打開事業發展新天地。 | —Carrying forward our fighting spirit. We must foster a firmer sense of purpose, fortitude, and self-belief in the whole Party and the Chinese people so that we cannot be swayed by fallacies, deterred by intimidation, or cowed by pressure. We must meet obstacles and difficulties head on, ensure both development and security, and dig deep to surmount the difficulties and challenges on the road ahead. Let us harness our indomitable fighting spirit to open up new horizons for our cause. |
| 同志們！今天，我們比歷史上任何時期都更接近、更有信心和能力實現中華民族偉大復興的目標，同時必須準備付出更為艱巨、更為艱苦的努力。全黨必須堅定信心、銳意進取，主動識變應變求變，主動防範化解風險，不斷奪取全面建設社會主義現代化國家新勝利！ | Comrades,
Today, we are closer, more confident, and more capable than ever of reaching the goal of rejuvenating the Chinese nation. At the same time, we must be prepared to work even harder to get there. All of us in the Party must forge ahead with confidence and determination; proactively identify, respond to, and steer changes and prevent and defuse risks; and keep on striving to secure new successes in building a modern socialist China in all respects. |
| 四、加快構建新發展格局，着力推動高質量發展 | IV. Accelerating the Creation of a New Development Pattern and Pursuing High-Quality Development |
| 高質量發展是全面建設社會主義現代化國家的首要任務。發展是黨執政興國的第一要務。沒有堅實的物質技術基礎，就不可能全面建成社會主義現代化強國。必須完整、準確、全面貫徹新發展理念，堅持社會主義市場經濟改革方向，堅持高水平對外開放，加快構建以國內大循環為主體、國內國際雙循環相互促進的新發展格局。 | To build a modern socialist country in all respects, we must, first and foremost, pursue high-quality development. Development is our Party’s top priority in governing and rejuvenating China, for without solid material and technological foundations, we cannot hope to build a great modern socialist country in all respects. We must fully and faithfully apply the new development philosophy on all fronts, continue reforms to develop the socialist market economy, promote high-standard opening up, and accelerate efforts to foster a new pattern of development that is focused on the domestic economy and features positive interplay between domestic and international economic flows. |
| 我們要堅持以推動高質量發展為主題，把實施擴大內需戰略同深化供給側結構性改革有機結合起來，增強國內大循環內生動力和可靠性，提升國際循環質量和水平，加快建設現代化經濟體系，着力提高全要素生產率，着力提升產業鏈供應鏈韌性和安全水平，着力推進城鄉融合和區域協調發展，推動經濟實現質的有效提升和量的合理增長。 | Pursuing high-quality development as our overarching task, we will make sure that our implementation of the strategy to expand domestic demand is integrated with our efforts to deepen supply-side structural reform; we will boost the dynamism and reliability of the domestic economy while engaging at a higher level in the global economy; and we will move faster to build a modernized economy. We will raise total factor productivity, make China’s industrial and supply chains more resilient and secure, and promote integrated urban-rural development and coordinated regional development, so as to effectively upgrade and appropriately expand China’s economic output. |
| （一）構建高水平社會主義市場經濟體制。堅持和完善社會主義基本經濟制度，毫不動搖鞏固和發展公有制經濟，毫不動搖鼓勵、支持、引導非公有制經濟發展，充分發揮市場在資源配置中的決定性作用，更好發揮政府作用。深化國資國企改革，加快國有經濟布局優化和結構調整，推動國有資本和國有企業做強做優做大，提升企業核心競爭力。優化民營企業發展環境，依法保護民營企業產權和企業家權益，促進民營經濟發展壯大。完善中國特色現代企業制度，弘揚企業家精神，加快建設世界一流企業。支持中小微企業發展。深化簡政放權、放管結合、優化服務改革。構建全國統一大市場，深化要素市場化改革，建設高標準市場體系。完善產權保護、市場准入、公平競爭、社會信用等市場經濟基礎制度，優化營商環境。健全宏觀經濟治理體系，發揮國家發展規劃的戰略導向作用，加強財政政策和貨幣政策協調配合，着力擴大內需，增強消費對經濟發展的基礎性作用和投資對優化供給結構的關鍵作用。健全現代預算制度，優化稅制結構，完善財政轉移支付體系。深化金融體制改革，建設現代中央銀行制度，加強和完善現代金融監管，強化金融穩定保障體系，依法將各類金融活動全部納入監管，守住不發生系統性風險底線。健全資本市場功能，提高直接融資比重。加強反壟斷和反不正當競爭，破除地方保護和行政性壟斷，依法規範和引導資本健康發展。 | 1. Building a high-standard socialist market economy
We must uphold and improve China’s basic socialist economic systems. We must unswervingly consolidate and develop the public sector and unswervingly encourage, support, and guide the development of the non-public sector. We will work to see that the market plays the decisive role in resource allocation and that the government better plays its role. We will deepen reform of state-owned capital and state-owned enterprises (SOEs); accelerate efforts to improve the layout of the state-owned sector and adjust its structure; work to see state-owned capital and enterprises get stronger, do better, and grow bigger; and enhance the core competitiveness of SOEs. We will provide an enabling environment for private enterprises, protect their property rights and the rights and interests of entrepreneurs in accordance with the law, and facilitate the growth of the private sector. We will improve the modern corporate system with distinctive Chinese features, encourage entrepreneurship, and move faster to help Chinese companies become world-class outfits. We will support the development of micro, small, and medium enterprises. We will intensify reforms to streamline government administration, delegate power, improve regulation, and upgrade services. We will build a unified national market, advance reforms for the market-based allocation of production factors, and put in place a high-standard market system. We will refine the systems underpinning the market economy, such as those for property rights protection, market access, fair competition, and social credit, in order to improve the business environment. We will improve the system of macroeconomic governance, give full play to the strategic guidance of national development plans, and enhance coordination between fiscal and monetary policies. We will work to expand domestic demand and better leverage the fundamental role of consumption in stimulating economic growth and the key role of investment in improving the supply structure. We will improve the modern budget system, optimize the tax structure, and improve the system of transfer payments. We will deepen structural reform in the financial sector, modernize the central bank system, and strengthen and refine modern financial regulation. We will reinforce the systems that safeguard financial stability, place all types of financial activities under regulation according to the law, and ensure no systemic risks arise. We will improve the functions of the capital market and increase the proportion of direct financing. We will take stronger action against monopolies and unfair competition, break local protectionism and administrative monopolies, and conduct law-based regulation and guidance to promote the healthy development of capital. |
| （二）建設現代化產業體系。堅持把發展經濟的着力點放在實體經濟上，推進新型工業化，加快建設製造強國、質量強國、航天強國、交通強國、網絡強國、數字中國。實施產業基礎再造工程和重大技術裝備攻關工程，支持專精特新企業發展，推動製造業高端化、智能化、綠色化發展。鞏固優勢產業領先地位，在關係安全發展的領域加快補齊短板，提升戰略性資源供應保障能力。推動戰略性新興產業融合集群發展，構建新一代信息技術、人工智能、生物技術、新能源、新材料、高端裝備、綠色環保等一批新的增長引擎。構建優質高效的服務業新體系，推動現代服務業同先進製造業、現代農業深度融合。加快發展物聯網，建設高效順暢的流通體系，降低物流成本。加快發展數字經濟，促進數字經濟和實體經濟深度融合，打造具有國際競爭力的數字產業集群。優化基礎設施布局、結構、功能和系統集成，構建現代化基礎設施體系。 | 2. Modernizing the industrial system
In pursuing economic growth, we must continue to focus on the real economy. We will advance new industrialization and move faster to boost China’s strength in manufacturing, product quality, aerospace, transportation, cyberspace, and digital development. We will carry out industrial foundation reengineering projects and research projects on major technologies and equipment; support enterprises that use special and sophisticated technologies to produce novel and unique products; and move the manufacturing sector toward higher-end, smarter, and greener production. We will consolidate our leading position in industries where we excel, work faster to shore up weaknesses in sectors vital to China’s development security, and improve our capacity for securing the supply of strategic resources. We will promote the integrated and clustered development of strategic emerging industries and cultivate new growth engines such as next-generation information technology, artificial intelligence, biotechnology, new energy, new materials, high-end equipment, and green industry. We will build a new system of efficient and high-quality services and promote further integration of modern services with advanced manufacturing and modern agriculture. We will accelerate development of the Internet of Things and build an efficient and smooth logistics system to help cut distribution costs. We will accelerate the development of the digital economy, further integrate it with the real economy, and build internationally competitive digital industry clusters. We will build a modern infrastructure system with a better layout and structure, more effective functions, and greater system integration. |
| （三）全面推進鄉村振興。全面建設社會主義現代化國家，最艱巨最繁重的任務仍然在農村。堅持農業農村優先發展，堅持城鄉融合發展，暢通城鄉要素流動。加快建設農業強國，紮實推動鄉村產業、人才、文化、生態、組織振興。全方位夯實糧食安全根基，全面落實糧食安全黨政同責，牢牢守住十八億畝耕地紅線，逐步把永久基本農田全部建成高標準農田，深入實施種業振興行動，強化農業科技和裝備支撐，健全種糧農民收益保障機制和主產區利益補償機制，確保中國人的飯碗牢牢端在自己手中。樹立大食物觀，發展設施農業，構建多元化食物供給體系。發展鄉村特色產業，拓寬農民增收致富渠道。鞏固拓展脫貧攻堅成果，增強脫貧地區和脫貧群眾內生發展動力。統籌鄉村基礎設施和公共服務布局，建設宜居宜業和美鄉村。鞏固和完善農村基本經營制度，發展新型農村集體經濟，發展新型農業經營主體和社會化服務，發展農業適度規模經營。深化農村土地制度改革，賦予農民更加充分的財產權益。保障進城落戶農民合法土地權益，鼓勵依法自願有償轉讓。完善農業支持保護制度，健全農村金融服務體系。 | 3. Advancing rural revitalization across the board
The most challenging and arduous tasks we face in building a modern socialist China in all respects remain in our rural areas. We will continue to put agricultural and rural development first, pursue integrated development of urban and rural areas, and facilitate the flows of production factors between them. We will move faster to build up China’s strength in agriculture and steadily promote the revitalization of businesses, talent, culture, ecosystems, and organizations in the countryside. We must reinforce the foundations for food security on all fronts. We will ensure that both Party committees and governments assume responsibility for ensuring food security and that China’s total area of farmland does not fall below the redline of 120 million hectares. We will work to gradually develop all permanent basic cropland into high-standard cropland. We will invigorate the seed industry, support the development of agricultural science, technology, and equipment, and refine the mechanisms for ensuring the incomes of grain growers and for compensating major grain-producing areas. With these efforts, we will ensure that China’s food supply remains firmly in its own hands. We will adopt an all-encompassing approach to food, develop protected agriculture, and build a diversified food supply system. We will foster rural industries with local features to create more channels for increasing rural incomes. We will consolidate and expand our achievements in poverty alleviation and help areas and people that have just shaken off poverty build their own momentum for growth. We will develop infrastructure and public services in rural areas in a well-planned and coordinated way and build a beautiful and harmonious countryside that is desirable to live and work in. We will consolidate and improve the basic rural operation system, develop new rural collective economies, cultivate new types of agribusiness and commercial agricultural services, and support appropriately scaled agricultural operations. We will advance reform of the rural land system and grant farmers more adequate property rights and interests. We will safeguard the lawful land rights and interests of rural residents who have moved to urban areas and obtained permanent residency, and we will encourage law-based, voluntary, and paid transfers of such rights and interests. We will improve the systems for supporting and protecting agriculture and the rural financial services system. |
| （四）促進區域協調發展。深入實施區域協調發展戰略、區域重大戰略、主體功能區戰略、新型城鎮化戰略，優化重大生產力布局，構建優勢互補、高質量發展的區域經濟布局和國土空間體系。推動西部大開發形成新格局，推動東北全面振興取得新突破，促進中部地區加快崛起，鼓勵東部地區加快推進現代化。支持革命老區、民族地區加快發展，加強邊疆地區建設，推進興邊富民、穩邊固邊。推進京津冀協同發展、長江經濟帶發展、長三角一體化發展，推動黃河流域生態保護和高質量發展。高標準、高質量建設雄安新區，推動成渝地區雙城經濟圈建設。健全主體功能區制度，優化國土空間發展格局。推進以人為核心的新型城鎮化，加快農業轉移人口市民化。以城市群、都市圈為依託構建大中小城市協調發展格局，推進以縣城為重要載體的城鎮化建設。堅持人民城市人民建、人民城市為人民，提高城市規劃、建設、治理水平，加快轉變超大特大城市發展方式，實施城市更新行動，加強城市基礎設施建設，打造宜居、韌性、智慧城市。發展海洋經濟，保護海洋生態環境，加快建設海洋強國。 | 4．Promoting coordinated regional development
We will thoroughly implement the coordinated regional development strategy, major regional strategies, the functional zoning strategy, and the new urbanization strategy. We will improve the distribution of the major productive forces and develop a regional economic layout and a territorial space system that complement each other’s strengths and promote high-quality development. We will make further progress in the large-scale development of the western region, achieve new breakthroughs in the full revitalization of the Northeast, accelerate the rise of the central region, and encourage the eastern region to modernize more quickly. We will support old revolutionary base areas and areas with large ethnic minority populations in speeding up development. We will promote development in border areas to boost local economies, raise local living standards, and ensure local stability. We will promote coordinated development in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the development of the Yangtze Economic Belt, the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta, and ecological conservation and high-quality development in the Yellow River basin. We will build the Xiongan New Area to a high standard and drive forward the development of the Chengdu-Chongqing economic zone. We will improve the functional zoning system and the development of territorial space. We will advance people-centered new urbanization and work faster to grant permanent urban residency to eligible people who move from rural to urban areas. We will leverage the role of city clusters and metropolitan areas to promote coordinated development of large, medium, and small cities and push forward with urbanization that is centered on county seats. Guided by the principle that cities should be built by the people and for the people, we will improve urban planning, construction, and governance and move faster to change the development models of super-large and mega cities. We will carry out urban renewal projects and improve urban infrastructure to build livable, resilient, and smart cities. We will develop the marine economy, protect the marine ecological environment, and step up efforts to build China into a strong maritime country. |
| （五）推進高水平對外開放。依託我國超大規模市場優勢，以國內大循環吸引全球資源要素，增強國內國際兩個市場兩種資源聯動效應，提升貿易投資合作質量和水平。穩步擴大規則、規制、管理、標準等制度型開放。推動貨物貿易優化升級，創新服務貿易發展機制，發展數字貿易，加快建設貿易強國。合理縮減外資准入負面清單，依法保護外商投資權益，營造市場化、法治化、國際化一流營商環境。推動共建「一帶一路」高質量發展。優化區域開放布局，鞏固東部沿海地區開放先導地位，提高中西部和東北地區開放水平。加快建設西部陸海新通道。加快建設海南自由貿易港，實施自由貿易試驗區提升戰略，擴大面向全球的高標準自由貿易區網絡。有序推進人民幣國際化。深度參與全球產業分工和合作，維護多元穩定的國際經濟格局和經貿關係。 | 5. Promoting high-standard opening up
We will leverage the strengths of China’s enormous market, attract global resources and production factors with our strong domestic economy, and amplify the interplay between domestic and international markets and resources. This will position us to improve the level and quality of trade and investment cooperation. We will steadily expand institutional opening up with regard to rules, regulations, management, and standards. We will upgrade trade in goods, develop new mechanisms for trade in services, and promote digital trade, in order to accelerate China’s transformation into a trader of quality. We will make appropriate reductions to the negative list for foreign investment, protect the rights and interests of foreign investors in accordance with the law, and foster a world-class business environment that is market-oriented, law-based, and internationalized. We will promote the high-quality development of the Belt and Road Initiative. We will better plan regional opening up, consolidate the leading position of eastern coastal areas in opening up, and more widely open the central, western, and northeastern regions. We will accelerate the construction of the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor in the western region. We will work faster to develop the Hainan Free Trade Port, upgrade pilot free trade zones, and expand the globally-oriented network of high-standard free trade areas. We will promote the internationalization of the RMB in an orderly way, deeply involve ourselves in the global industrial division of labor and cooperation, and endeavor to preserve the diversity and stability of the international economic landscape and economic and trade relations. |
| 五、實施科教興國戰略，強化現代化建設人才支撐 | V. Invigorating China through Science and Education and Developing a Strong Workforce for the Modernization Drive |
| 教育、科技、人才是全面建設社會主義現代化國家的基礎性、戰略性支撐。必須堅持科技是第一生產力、人才是第一資源、創新是第一動力，深入實施科教興國戰略、人才強國戰略、創新驅動發展戰略，開闢發展新領域新賽道，不斷塑造發展新動能新優勢。 | Education, science and technology, and human resources are the foundational and strategic pillars for building a modern socialist country in all respects. We must regard science and technology as our primary productive force, talent as our primary resource, and innovation as our primary driver of growth. We will fully implement the strategy for invigorating China through science and education, the workforce development strategy, and the innovation-driven development strategy. We will open up new areas and new arenas in development and steadily foster new growth drivers and new strengths. |
| 我們要堅持教育優先發展、科技自立自強、人才引領驅動，加快建設教育強國、科技強國、人才強國，堅持為黨育人、為國育才，全面提高人才自主培養質量，着力造就拔尖創新人才，聚天下英才而用之。 | We will continue to give high priority to the development of education, build China’s self-reliance and strength in science and technology, and rely on talent to pioneer and to propel development. We will speed up work to build a strong educational system, greater scientific and technological strength, and a quality workforce. We will continue efforts to cultivate talent for the Party and the country and comprehensively improve our ability to nurture talent at home. All this will see us producing first-class innovators and attracting the brightest minds from all over. |
| （一）辦好人民滿意的教育。教育是國之大計、黨之大計。培養什麼人、怎樣培養人、為誰培養人是教育的根本問題。育人的根本在於立德。全面貫徹黨的教育方針，落實立德樹人根本任務，培養德智體美勞全面發展的社會主義建設者和接班人。堅持以人民為中心發展教育，加快建設高質量教育體系，發展素質教育，促進教育公平。加快義務教育優質均衡發展和城鄉一體化，優化區域教育資源配置，強化學前教育、特殊教育普惠發展，堅持高中階段學校多樣化發展，完善覆蓋全學段學生資助體系。統籌職業教育、高等教育、繼續教育協同創新，推進職普融通、產教融合、科教融匯，優化職業教育類型定位。加強基礎學科、新興學科、交叉學科建設，加快建設中國特色、世界一流的大學和優勢學科。引導規範民辦教育發展。加大國家通用語言文字推廣力度。深化教育領域綜合改革，加強教材建設和管理，完善學校管理和教育評價體系，健全學校家庭社會育人機制。加強師德師風建設，培養高素質教師隊伍，弘揚尊師重教社會風尚。推進教育數字化，建設全民終身學習的學習型社會、學習型大國。 | 1. Developing education that meets the people’s expectations
Education is of critical importance to the future of our country and our Party. What kind of people we should cultivate, how, and for whom—these are the fundamental issues that education must address. The most basic aim of education is to foster virtue. We will fully implement the Party’s educational policy, carry out the basic task of fostering virtue through education, and nurture a new generation of capable young people with sound moral grounding, intellectual ability, physical vigor, aesthetic sensibility, and work skills who will fully develop socialism and carry forward the socialist cause. We will continue to follow a people-centered approach to developing education, move faster to build a high-quality educational system, advance students』 well-rounded development, and promote fairness in education. We will accelerate high-quality, balanced development and urban-rural integration in compulsory education. We will better allocate educational resources across regions, strengthen public-benefit preschool education and special needs education, ensure the diversified development of senior secondary schools, and improve the financial aid system so it covers students at all stages of schooling. We will promote collaborative innovation in vocational education, higher education, and continuing education and promote integration between vocational education and general education, between industry and education, and between science and education. We will better establish vocational education as a category in the educational system. We will do more to develop basic disciplines, emerging disciplines, and interdisciplinary subjects and speed up the development of world-class universities and strong disciplines with Chinese features. We will better guide and regulate the development of private schools. We will intensify efforts to promote standard spoken and written Chinese. We will advance comprehensive reform in education, strengthen the creation and management of teaching materials, refine the systems for school management and educational assessments, and improve mechanisms for school-family-society collaboration in education. We will strengthen the professional integrity, conduct, and ability of our teachers, foster public respect for educators, and encourage public support for education. We will promote the digitalization of education and build a society and country of learning where lifelong learning is pursued by all. |
| （二）完善科技創新體系。堅持創新在我國現代化建設全局中的核心地位。完善黨中央對科技工作統一領導的體制，健全新型舉國體制，強化國家戰略科技力量，優化配置創新資源，優化國家科研機構、高水平研究型大學、科技領軍企業定位和布局，形成國家實驗室體系，統籌推進國際科技創新中心、區域科技創新中心建設，加強科技基礎能力建設，強化科技戰略諮詢，提升國家創新體系整體效能。深化科技體制改革，深化科技評價改革，加大多元化科技投入，加強知識產權法治保障，形成支持全面創新的基礎制度。培育創新文化，弘揚科學家精神，涵養優良學風，營造創新氛圍。擴大國際科技交流合作，加強國際化科研環境建設，形成具有全球競爭力的開放創新生態。 | 2. Improving systems for scientific and technological innovation
Innovation will remain at the heart of China’s modernization drive. We will improve the system in which the Party Central Committee exercises unified leadership over science and technology work. We will improve the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide to make key technological breakthroughs. We will boost China’s strength in strategic science and technology, better allocate innovation resources, and better define the roles of national research institutes, advanced-level research universities, and leading high-tech enterprises to improve their layout. We will establish a system of national laboratories, coordinate the development of international and regional centers for scientific and technological innovation, enhance basic scientific and technological capacity, and ensure better strategic input from the science and technology sector, so as to boost the overall performance of China’s innovation system. We will deepen structural scientific and technological reform and reform of the system for appraisal of scientific and technological advances. We will increase investment in science and technology through diverse channels and strengthen legal protection of intellectual property rights, in order to establish a foundational system for all-around innovation. We will nurture a culture of innovation, encourage dedication to science, cultivate fine academic conduct, and foster an enabling environment for innovation. We will expand science and technology exchanges and cooperation with other countries, cultivate an internationalized environment for research, and create an open and globally-competitive innovation ecosystem. |
| （三）加快實施創新驅動發展戰略。堅持面向世界科技前沿、面向經濟主戰場、面向國家重大需求、面向人民生命健康，加快實現高水平科技自立自強。以國家戰略需求為導向，集聚力量進行原創性引領性科技攻關，堅決打贏關鍵核心技術攻堅戰。加快實施一批具有戰略性全局性前瞻性的國家重大科技項目，增強自主創新能力。加強基礎研究，突出原創，鼓勵自由探索。提升科技投入效能，深化財政科技經費分配使用機制改革，激發創新活力。加強企業主導的產學研深度融合，強化目標導向，提高科技成果轉化和產業化水平。強化企業科技創新主體地位，發揮科技型骨幹企業引領支撐作用，營造有利於科技型中小微企業成長的良好環境，推動創新鏈產業鏈資金鍊人才鏈深度融合。 | 3. Accelerating the implementation of the innovation-driven development strategy
Setting our sights on the global frontiers of science and technology, national economic development, the major needs of the country, and the health and safety of the people, we should speed up efforts to achieve greater self-reliance and strength in science and technology. To meet China’s strategic needs, we will concentrate resources on original and pioneering scientific and technological research to achieve breakthroughs in core technologies in key fields. In order to enhance China’s innovation capacity, we will move faster to launch a number of major national projects that are of strategic, big-picture, and long-term importance. We will strengthen basic research, prioritize original innovation, and encourage researchers to engage in free exploration. To inspire greater creativity, we will invest more effectively in science and technology and advance reform of the mechanisms for the allocation and use of government research funds. We will promote closer enterprise-led collaboration between industries, universities, and research institutes, stay goal-oriented, and promote the industrial application of scientific and technological advances. We will reinforce the principal role of enterprises in innovation, give full play to the guiding and supporting role of key high-tech enterprises, create an enabling environment for the growth of micro, small, and medium technological enterprises, and promote deeper integration of the innovation, industrial, capital, and talent chains. |
| （四）深入實施人才強國戰略。培養造就大批德才兼備的高素質人才，是國家和民族長遠發展大計。功以才成，業由才廣。堅持黨管人才原則，堅持尊重勞動、尊重知識、尊重人才、尊重創造，實施更加積極、更加開放、更加有效的人才政策，引導廣大人才愛黨報國、敬業奉獻、服務人民。完善人才戰略布局，堅持各方面人才一起抓，建設規模宏大、結構合理、素質優良的人才隊伍。加快建設世界重要人才中心和創新高地，促進人才區域合理布局和協調發展，着力形成人才國際競爭的比較優勢。加快建設國家戰略人才力量，努力培養造就更多大師、戰略科學家、一流科技領軍人才和創新團隊、青年科技人才、卓越工程師、大國工匠、高技能人才。加強人才國際交流，用好用活各類人才。深化人才發展體制機制改革，真心愛才、悉心育才、傾心引才、精心用才，求賢若渴，不拘一格，把各方面優秀人才集聚到黨和人民事業中來。 | 4. Implementing the workforce development strategy
Cultivating a large workforce of high-quality talent who have both integrity and professional competence is of critical importance to the long-term development of China and the Chinese nation. A wealth of talent is vital to the success of a great cause. We should follow the principle of the Party managing talent, and we should respect work, knowledge, talent, and creativity. We will adopt more proactive, open, and effective policies on talent and encourage our talent to love the Party, dedicate themselves to the country and contribute to its cause, and serve the people. We will improve the strategic distribution of human resources and make concerted efforts to cultivate talented people in all fields, so as to create a large, well-structured, and high-quality workforce. We will move faster to build world hubs for talent and innovation, promote better distribution and balanced development of talent across regions, and strive to build up our comparative strengths in global competition for talent. We will speed up efforts to build a contingent of personnel with expertise of strategic importance and cultivate greater numbers of master scholars, science strategists, first-class scientists and innovation teams, young scientists, outstanding engineers, master craftsmen, and highly-skilled workers. We will increase international personnel exchanges and make the best use of talent of all types to fully harness their potential. We will further reform the systems and mechanisms for talent development and ensure we value talented people, nurture them, attract them, and put them to good use. No effort should be spared and no rigid boundaries drawn in the endeavor to bring together the best and the brightest from all fields for the cause of the Party and the people. |
| 六、發展全過程人民民主，保障人民當家作主 | VI. Advancing Whole-Process People’s Democracy and Ensuring that the People Run the Country |
| 我國是工人階級領導的、以工農聯盟為基礎的人民民主專政的社會主義國家，國家一切權力屬於人民。人民民主是社會主義的生命，是全面建設社會主義現代化國家的應有之義。全過程人民民主是社會主義民主政治的本質屬性，是最廣泛、最真實、最管用的民主。必須堅定不移走中國特色社會主義政治發展道路，堅持黨的領導、人民當家作主、依法治國有機統一，堅持人民主體地位，充分體現人民意志、保障人民權益、激發人民創造活力。 | China is a socialist country of people’s democratic dictatorship under the leadership of the working class based on an alliance of workers and farmers; all power of the state in China belongs to the people. People’s democracy is the lifeblood of socialism, and it is integral to our efforts to build a modern socialist country in all respects. Whole-process people’s democracy is the defining feature of socialist democracy; it is democracy in its broadest, most genuine, and most effective form.
We must firmly stay on the path of socialist political advancement with Chinese characteristics, uphold the unity between Party leadership, the running of the country by the people, and law-based governance, and ensure the principal position of the people, so as to give full expression to their will, protect their rights and interests, and spark their creativity. |
| 我們要健全人民當家作主制度體系，擴大人民有序政治參與，保證人民依法實行民主選舉、民主協商、民主決策、民主管理、民主監督，發揮人民群眾積極性、主動性、創造性，鞏固和發展生動活潑、安定團結的政治局面。 | We will improve the system of institutions through which the people run the country. We will encourage the people’s orderly participation in political affairs and guarantee their ability to engage in democratic elections, consultations, decision-making, management, and oversight in accordance with the law. We will inspire the people’s motivation, initiative, and creativity, so as to consolidate and develop a lively, stable, and united political atmosphere. |
| （一）加強人民當家作主制度保障。堅持和完善我國根本政治制度、基本政治制度、重要政治制度，拓展民主渠道，豐富民主形式，確保人民依法通過各種途徑和形式管理國家事務，管理經濟和文化事業，管理社會事務。支持和保證人民通過人民代表大會行使國家權力，保證各級人大都由民主選舉產生、對人民負責、受人民監督。支持和保證人大及其常委會依法行使立法權、監督權、決定權、任免權，健全人大對行政機關、監察機關、審判機關、檢察機關監督制度，維護國家法治統一、尊嚴、權威。加強人大代表工作能力建設，密切人大代表同人民群眾的聯繫。健全吸納民意、匯集民智工作機制，建設好基層立法聯繫點。深化工會、共青團、婦聯等群團組織改革和建設，有效發揮橋梁紐帶作用。堅持走中國人權發展道路，積極參與全球人權治理，推動人權事業全面發展。 | 1. Strengthening the institutions through which the people run the country
We must uphold and improve our country’s foundational, basic, and important political systems, expand democratic channels, and diversify the forms of democracy, so as to ensure that people participate in various ways in the management of state, economic, cultural, and social affairs in accordance with the law. We will support and ensure the people’s exercise of state power through people’s congresses, and we will ensure that people’s congresses at all levels are formed through democratic elections, responsible to the people, and subject to their oversight. We will support and ensure that people’s congresses and their standing committees lawfully exercise the powers of enacting laws, conducting oversight, making decisions, and appointing and removing officials. We will improve the system under which people’s congresses conduct oversight of administrative, supervisory, adjudicatory, and procuratorial organs, and we will uphold the unity, sanctity, and authority of the law. We will see that deputies to people’s congresses are better able to carry out their work and that they strengthen ties with the general public. We will improve working mechanisms for drawing on public opinion and pooling the wisdom of the people and ensure that local legislative outreach offices are well-run. We will intensify reform and development of trade unions, Chinese Communist Youth League organizations, women’s federations, and other people’s organizations and give full play to their role as bridges connecting the Party and the people. We will follow a Chinese path of human rights development, actively participate in global human rights governance, and promote all-around advancement of human rights. |
| （二）全面發展協商民主。協商民主是實踐全過程人民民主的重要形式。完善協商民主體系，統籌推進政黨協商、人大協商、政府協商、政協協商、人民團體協商、基層協商以及社會組織協商，健全各種制度化協商平台，推進協商民主廣泛多層制度化發展。堅持和完善中國共產黨領導的多黨合作和政治協商制度，堅持黨的領導、統一戰線、協商民主有機結合，堅持發揚民主和增進團結相互貫通、建言資政和凝聚共識雙向發力，發揮人民政協作為專門協商機構作用，加強制度化、規範化、程序化等功能建設，提高深度協商互動、意見充分表達、廣泛凝聚共識水平，完善人民政協民主監督和委員聯繫界別群眾制度機制。 | 2. Fully developing consultative democracy
Consultative democracy is an important way by which whole-process people’s democracy is practiced. We will improve the system of consultative democracy, make coordinated efforts to promote consultations carried out by political parties, people’s congresses, government departments, committees of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), people’s organizations, communities, and social organizations, and improve various institutional consultative platforms, so as to promote extensive, multilevel, and institutionalized development of consultative democracy. We will uphold and improve the system of CPC-led multiparty cooperation and political consultation and ensure the integration of Party leadership, the united front, and consultative democracy. We will give play to the CPPCC’s role as a specialized consultative body and see that it coordinates efforts to promote democracy and unity while making proposals on state affairs and building consensus. Improvements will be made to institutions, standards, and procedures to help the CPPCC ensure that in-depth consultations and interactions are conducted, opinions are fully expressed, and broad consensus is built. Efforts will be also made to improve the systems and mechanisms through which CPPCC committees conduct democratic oversight and their members stay engaged with people from various sectors. |
| （三）積極發展基層民主。基層民主是全過程人民民主的重要體現。健全基層黨組織領導的基層群眾自治機制，加強基層組織建設，完善基層直接民主制度體系和工作體系，增強城鄉社區群眾自我管理、自我服務、自我教育、自我監督的實效。完善辦事公開制度，拓寬基層各類群體有序參與基層治理渠道，保障人民依法管理基層公共事務和公益事業。全心全意依靠工人階級，健全以職工代表大會為基本形式的企事業單位民主管理制度，維護職工合法權益。 | 3. Actively developing democracy at the primary level
Primary-level democracy is an important manifestation of whole-process people’s democracy. We will improve the mechanism for community-level self-governance under the leadership of primary-level Party organizations, build up the strength of primary-level organizations, and improve the institutional and working systems for direct democracy at the primary level to see that urban and rural communities can more effectively manage, serve, educate, and oversee themselves. We will increase transparency in government affairs, establish more channels for people from various sectors to participate in community-level governance in an orderly way, and ensure that the people manage public affairs and run public-interest programs at the primary level in accordance with the law. We will rely wholeheartedly on the working class and improve the system of democratic management in enterprises and public institutions, which takes basic shape in the form of workers』 congresses, so as to protect workers』 lawful rights and interests. |
| （四）鞏固和發展最廣泛的愛國統一戰線。人心是最大的政治，統一戰線是凝聚人心、匯聚力量的強大法寶。完善大統戰工作格局，堅持大團結大聯合，動員全體中華兒女圍繞實現中華民族偉大復興中國夢一起來想、一起來干。發揮我國社會主義新型政黨制度優勢，堅持長期共存、互相監督、肝膽相照、榮辱與共，加強同民主黨派和無黨派人士的團結合作，支持民主黨派加強自身建設、更好履行職能。以鑄牢中華民族共同體意識為主線，堅定不移走中國特色解決民族問題的正確道路，堅持和完善民族區域自治制度，加強和改進黨的民族工作，全面推進民族團結進步事業。堅持我國宗教中國化方向，積極引導宗教與社會主義社會相適應。加強黨外知識分子思想政治工作，做好新的社會階層人士工作，強化共同奮鬥的政治引領。全面構建親清政商關係，促進非公有制經濟健康發展和非公有制經濟人士健康成長。加強和改進僑務工作，形成共同致力民族復興的強大力量。 | 4. Consolidating and developing the broadest possible patriotic united front
The people’s support is of the utmost political importance, and the united front is an effective instrument for rallying the people’s support and pooling their strength. We will build a broad united front to forge great unity and solidarity, and we will encourage all the sons and daughters of the Chinese nation to dedicate themselves to realizing the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation. We will leverage the strengths of our country’s new type of socialist political party system. Following the principles of long-term coexistence, mutual oversight, sincerity, and sharing the rough times and the smooth, we will strengthen our Party’s unity and cooperation with other political parties and prominent figures without party affiliation. We will also support other political parties in improving themselves and performing their roles more effectively. We will, with a focus on forging a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation, continue to take the correct and distinctively Chinese approach to handling ethnic affairs, uphold and improve the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and improve the Party’s work on ethnic affairs, so as to comprehensively promote ethnic unity and progress. We will remain committed to the principle that religions in China must be Chinese in orientation and provide active guidance to religions so that they can adapt to socialist society. We will strengthen communication with intellectuals who are not Party members on theoretical and political issues and improve our work concerning people from emerging social groups in an effort to provide better political guidance for pursuing common goals. We will cultivate a cordial and clean relationship between government and business across the board and facilitate the healthy development of the non-public sector and those working in it. We will improve and strengthen our work related to Chinese nationals overseas to give shape to a powerful joint force for advancing the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. |
| 七、堅持全面依法治國，推進法治中國建設 | VII. Exercising Law-Based Governance on All Fronts and Advancing the Rule of Law in China |
| 全面依法治國是國家治理的一場深刻革命，關係黨執政興國，關係人民幸福安康，關係黨和國家長治久安。必須更好發揮法治固根本、穩預期、利長遠的保障作用，在法治軌道上全面建設社會主義現代化國家。 | The comprehensive advancement of law-based governance has been a profound revolution in China’s governance. Law-based governance is important for the Party’s success in governing and rejuvenating the country, for the wellbeing of the people, and for the long-term stability of the Party and the country. We must give better play to the role of the rule of law in consolidating foundations, ensuring stable expectations, and delivering long-term benefits, and we must strive to build a modern socialist country in all respects under the rule of law. |
| 我們要堅持走中國特色社會主義法治道路，建設中國特色社會主義法治體系、建設社會主義法治國家，圍繞保障和促進社會公平正義，堅持依法治國、依法執政、依法行政共同推進，堅持法治國家、法治政府、法治社會一體建設，全面推進科學立法、嚴格執法、公正司法、全民守法，全面推進國家各方面工作法治化。 | We must follow a path of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics, develop a Chinese system of socialist rule of law, and establish China as a socialist country under the rule of law. We must, with a focus on protecting and promoting social fairness and justice, pursue coordinated progress in law-based governance, law-based exercise of state power, and law-based government administration and take integrated steps to build a country, government, and society based on the rule of law. We will make all-around efforts to ensure sound legislation, strict law enforcement, impartial administration of justice, and society-wide observance of the law and see that all work of the state is carried out under the rule of law. |
| （一）完善以憲法為核心的中國特色社會主義法律體系。堅持依法治國首先要堅持依憲治國，堅持依法執政首先要堅持依憲執政，堅持憲法確定的中國共產黨領導地位不動搖，堅持憲法確定的人民民主專政的國體和人民代表大會制度的政體不動搖。加強憲法實施和監督，健全保證憲法全面實施的制度體系，更好發揮憲法在治國理政中的重要作用，維護憲法權威。加強重點領域、新興領域、涉外領域立法，統籌推進國內法治和涉外法治，以良法促進發展、保障善治。推進科學立法、民主立法、依法立法，統籌立改廢釋纂，增強立法系統性、整體性、協同性、時效性。完善和加強備案審查制度。堅持科學決策、民主決策、依法決策，全面落實重大決策程序制度。 | 1. Improving the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics with the Constitution at its core
Law-based governance and law-based exercise of state power begin with compliance with the Constitution. We must remain firmly committed to leadership of the Party, to the state system of people’s democratic dictatorship, and to the political system of people’s congresses, all of which are mandated by the Constitution. We will better implement the Constitution and conduct constitutional oversight, and we will improve the systems for ensuring full compliance with the Constitution, so as to give better play to the Constitution’s important role in China’s governance and uphold its authority. We will step up legislation in key, emerging, and foreign-related fields and advance the rule of law in domestic and foreign-related affairs in a coordinated manner, so that good laws are made to promote development and ensure good governance. We will make further headway in making laws in a well-conceived and democratic way and in accordance with the law; we will take coordinated steps to enact, revise, abolish, interpret, and codify laws; and we will see that legislative work is more systematic, holistic, coordinated, and responsive. Improvements will be made to the record and review system for normative documents. We must ensure sound, democratic, and law-based decision-making and fully implement the procedural system for making major decisions. |
| （二）紮實推進依法行政。法治政府建設是全面依法治國的重點任務和主體工程。轉變政府職能，優化政府職責體系和組織結構，推進機構、職能、權限、程序、責任法定化，提高行政效率和公信力。深化事業單位改革。深化行政執法體制改革，全面推進嚴格規範公正文明執法，加大關係群眾切身利益的重點領域執法力度，完善行政執法程序，健全行政裁量基準。強化行政執法監督機制和能力建設，嚴格落實行政執法責任制和責任追究制度。完善基層綜合執法體制機制。 | 2. Steadily advancing law-based government administration
Building a law-based government is a key task and major part of comprehensively advancing law-based governance. We will transform government functions, improve the government responsibility system and organizational structure, and establish legal footing for government institutions, functions, powers, procedures, and responsibilities, so as to enhance the efficiency and credibility of government administration. We will deepen reform of public institutions. With regard to administrative law enforcement, we will advance structural reform to ensure that it is strict, procedure-based, impartial, and civil across the board, and we will intensify it in key areas involving the people’s immediate interests. We will refine law enforcement procedures and the standards for administrative discretion, enhance oversight mechanisms and oversight capacity, and strictly implement responsibility and accountability systems. We will also improve the systems and mechanisms for coordinated law enforcement at the community level. |
| （三）嚴格公正司法。公正司法是維護社會公平正義的最後一道防線。深化司法體制綜合配套改革，全面準確落實司法責任制，加快建設公正高效權威的社會主義司法制度，努力讓人民群眾在每一個司法案件中感受到公平正義。規範司法權力運行，健全公安機關、檢察機關、審判機關、司法行政機關各司其職、相互配合、相互制約的體制機制。強化對司法活動的制約監督，促進司法公正。加強檢察機關法律監督工作。完善公益訴訟制度。 | 3. Ensuring strict and impartial administration of justice
An impartial judiciary is the last line of defense for social fairness and justice. We will deepen comprehensive and integrated reform of the judicial system, fully and faithfully enforce judicial accountability, and accelerate the development of a fair, efficient, and authoritative socialist judicial system. We will see that the people feel justice has been served in each and every judicial case. We will ensure the well-regulated exercise of judicial power and improve the systems and mechanisms that enable public security organs, procuratorates, courts, and administrative agencies for justice to perform their respective functions and to coordinate with and check one another. Checks and oversight on judicial activities will be enhanced to ensure judicial justice. Procuratorial organs will step up legal oversight, and the system of public-interest litigation will be improved. |
| （四）加快建設法治社會。法治社會是構築法治國家的基礎。弘揚社會主義法治精神，傳承中華優秀傳統法律文化，引導全體人民做社會主義法治的忠實崇尚者、自覺遵守者、堅定捍衛者。建設覆蓋城鄉的現代公共法律服務體系，深入開展法治宣傳教育，增強全民法治觀念。推進多層次多領域依法治理，提升社會治理法治化水平。發揮領導幹部示範帶頭作用，努力使尊法學法守法用法在全社會蔚然成風。 | 4. Stepping up efforts to establish the rule of law throughout society
A society based on the rule of law is the foundation on which we can build a country under the rule of law. We will promote socialist rule of law and carry forward fine traditional Chinese legal culture, and we will encourage all our people to truly revere, readily observe, and firmly defend socialist rule of law. We will develop a modern public legal service system that covers both urban and rural populations and carry out intensive activities to raise public awareness of the rule of law. We will advance law-based governance at multiple levels and in multiple areas and enhance the rule of law in social governance. We will see that leading officials play an exemplary role and work hard to make respecting, learning about, observing, and applying the law common practice throughout society. |
| 八、推進文化自信自強，鑄就社會主義文化新輝煌 | VIII. Building Cultural Confidence and Strength and Securing New Successes in Developing Socialist Culture |
| 全面建設社會主義現代化國家，必須堅持中國特色社會主義文化發展道路，增強文化自信，圍繞舉旗幟、聚民心、育新人、興文化、展形象建設社會主義文化強國，發展面向現代化、面向世界、面向未來的，民族的科學的大眾的社會主義文化，激發全民族文化創新創造活力，增強實現中華民族偉大復興的精神力量。 | To build a modern socialist country in all respects, we must develop a socialist culture with Chinese characteristics and be more confident in our culture. In our efforts to turn China into a country with a strong socialist culture, we will focus on upholding socialism with Chinese characteristics, rallying public support, fostering a new generation of young people, developing Chinese culture, and better presenting China to the world. We will develop a sound, people-oriented socialist culture for our nation that embraces modernization, the world, and the future. We will ignite the cultural creativity of the entire nation and build a powerful source of inspiration for realizing national rejuvenation. |
| 我們要堅持馬克思主義在意識形態領域指導地位的根本制度，堅持為人民服務、為社會主義服務，堅持百花齊放、百家爭鳴，堅持創造性轉化、創新性發展，以社會主義核心價值觀為引領，發展社會主義先進文化，弘揚革命文化，傳承中華優秀傳統文化，滿足人民日益增長的精神文化需求，鞏固全黨全國各族人民團結奮鬥的共同思想基礎，不斷提升國家文化軟實力和中華文化影響力。 | We should uphold the foundational system for ensuring the guiding role of Marxism in the ideological domain. We will ensure that culture serves the people and serves socialism. We will follow the principle of letting a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend, and we will encourage creative transformation and innovative development of traditional Chinese culture. Guided by the core socialist values, we will develop advanced socialist culture, promote revolutionary culture, and carry forward fine traditional Chinese culture. In doing so, we will be well-placed to meet people’s ever-growing intellectual and cultural needs, consolidate a common intellectual foundation for the whole Party and all Chinese people to strive in unity, and continuously grow China’s cultural soft power and the appeal of Chinese culture. |
| （一）建設具有強大凝聚力和引領力的社會主義意識形態。意識形態工作是為國家立心、為民族立魂的工作。牢牢掌握黨對意識形態工作領導權，全面落實意識形態工作責任制，鞏固壯大奮進新時代的主流思想輿論。健全用黨的創新理論武裝全黨、教育人民、指導實踐工作體系。深入實施馬克思主義理論研究和建設工程，加快構建中國特色哲學社會科學學科體系、學術體系、話語體系，培育壯大哲學社會科學人才隊伍。加強全媒體傳播體系建設，塑造主流輿論新格局。健全網絡綜合治理體系，推動形成良好網絡生態。 | 1. Developing a socialist ideology that has the power to unite and inspire the people
Ideological work is about forging the character of a country and the soul of a nation. We must ensure that the Party firmly exercises leadership over this work and that the responsibility system for it is fully implemented. We will cement and expand the mainstream thoughts and ideas that inspire hard work in the new era. We will refine the working systems for arming Party members, educating the people, and guiding our practice with the Party’s new theories. We will make further progress in the project to study and develop Marxist theory. In philosophy and the social sciences, we will work faster to develop Chinese systems for fields of study, academia, and discourse, and we will cultivate a pool of talented philosophers and social scientists. We will improve the systems for communications across all forms of media and create a new environment of mainstream public opinion. We will improve the system for conducting comprehensive cyberspace management and foster a healthy online environment. |
| （二）廣泛踐行社會主義核心價值觀。社會主義核心價值觀是凝聚人心、匯聚民力的強大力量。弘揚以偉大建黨精神為源頭的中國共產黨人精神譜系，用好紅色資源，深入開展社會主義核心價值觀宣傳教育，深化愛國主義、集體主義、社會主義教育，着力培養擔當民族復興大任的時代新人。推動理想信念教育常態化制度化，持續抓好黨史、新中國史、改革開放史、社會主義發展史宣傳教育，引導人民知史愛黨、知史愛國，不斷堅定中國特色社會主義共同理想。用社會主義核心價值觀鑄魂育人，完善思想政治工作體系，推進大中小學思想政治教育一體化建設。堅持依法治國和以德治國相結合，把社會主義核心價值觀融入法治建設、融入社會發展、融入日常生活。 | 2. Extensively applying the core socialist values
The core socialist values have immense power to rally the people’s support and pool their strength. We will carry forward the long line of inspiring principles for the Chinese Communists that originated with the great founding spirit of the Party; put resources related to the Party’s heritage to great use; conduct extensive public awareness activities to promote the core socialist values; enhance commitment to patriotism, collectivism, and socialism; and foster a new generation of young people to shoulder the mission of realizing national rejuvenation. We will develop and institutionalize regular activities to foster ideals and convictions, and we will carry out public awareness initiatives on the history of the Party, the People’s Republic of China, reform and opening up, and the development of socialism, in order to foster love for the Party and the country. These efforts will help strengthen the people’s commitment to our common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics. We will draw on the core socialist values to forge inner strength and inspire our people, improve the system of theoretical and political work, and integrate the political education curriculum across all levels, from elementary schools to universities. We will uphold both the rule of law and the rule of virtue and see that the core socialist values are incorporated into efforts to advance the rule of law, into social development, and into the people’s daily lives. |
| （三）提高全社會文明程度。實施公民道德建設工程，弘揚中華傳統美德，加強家庭家教家風建設，加強和改進未成年人思想道德建設，推動明大德、守公德、嚴私德，提高人民道德水準和文明素養。統籌推動文明培育、文明實踐、文明創建，推進城鄉精神文明建設融合發展，在全社會弘揚勞動精神、奮鬥精神、奉獻精神、創造精神、勤儉節約精神，培育時代新風新貌。加強國家科普能力建設，深化全民閱讀活動。完善志願服務制度和工作體系。弘揚誠信文化，健全誠信建設長效機制。發揮黨和國家功勳榮譽表彰的精神引領、典型示範作用，推動全社會見賢思齊、崇尚英雄、爭做先鋒。 | 3. Enhancing civility throughout society
We will continue the civic morality campaign, carry forward traditional Chinese virtues, foster stronger family ties, values, and traditions, and raise the intellectual and moral standards of minors. We will build public commitment to the greater good, public morality, and personal integrity. These efforts will help raise public moral standards and enhance public civility. To promote cultural-ethical progress, we will take coordinated steps to raise awareness, apply principles, and develop initiatives and advance efforts in both urban and rural areas. We will foster an ethos of work, enterprise, dedication, creativity, and frugality throughout society and cultivate new trends and new customs for our times. We will increase people’s knowledge of science and encourage everyone to read. The system and working mechanisms for volunteer services will be improved. We will promote integrity and credibility in society and work to perfect relevant long-term mechanisms. We will see that Party and state awards and honors play a guiding and exemplary role and that a public atmosphere prevails in which people emulate paragons of virtue, look up to heroes, and strive to become pioneers. |
| （四）繁榮發展文化事業和文化產業。堅持以人民為中心的創作導向，推出更多增強人民精神力量的優秀作品，培育造就大批德藝雙馨的文學藝術家和規模宏大的文化文藝人才隊伍。堅持把社會效益放在首位、社會效益和經濟效益相統一，深化文化體制改革，完善文化經濟政策。實施國家文化數字化戰略，健全現代公共文化服務體系，創新實施文化惠民工程。健全現代文化產業體系和市場體系，實施重大文化產業項目帶動戰略。加大文物和文化遺產保護力度，加強城鄉建設中歷史文化保護傳承，建好用好國家文化公園。堅持以文塑旅、以旅彰文，推進文化和旅遊深度融合發展。廣泛開展全民健身活動，加強青少年體育工作，促進群眾體育和競技體育全面發展，加快建設體育強國。 | 4. Developing cultural programs and the cultural sector
We will encourage people-centered cultural creation and production of more outstanding works that inspire the people, and we will nurture a great number of writers and artists of both moral and artistic stature as well as a large contingent of talented personnel in culture and the arts. We will make sure the cultural sector prioritizes social benefit while also producing economic returns, deepen reform of the cultural management system, and improve economic policy for the cultural sector. We will implement a national cultural digitization strategy, improve the modern system of public cultural services, and launch new public-benefit cultural programs. We will improve the modern systems for cultural industries and markets and implement major cultural projects to spur the development of the sector. We will put more effort into protecting cultural artifacts and heritage, better protect and preserve historical and cultural heritage in the course of urban and rural development, and build and make good use of national cultural parks. We will encourage positive interplay between culture and tourism and advance deeper integration of the two sectors. We will launch extensive public fitness initiatives, improve physical education for our young people, promote all-around development of recreational and competitive sports, and move faster to build China into a country strong in sports. |
| （五）增強中華文明傳播力影響力。堅守中華文化立場，提煉展示中華文明的精神標識和文化精髓，加快構建中國話語和中國敘事體系，講好中國故事、傳播好中國聲音，展現可信、可愛、可敬的中國形象。加強國際傳播能力建設，全面提升國際傳播效能，形成同我國綜合國力和國際地位相匹配的國際話語權。深化文明交流互鑒，推動中華文化更好走向世界。 | 5. Extending the reach and appeal of Chinese civilization
We will stay firmly rooted in Chinese culture. We will collect and refine the defining symbols and best elements of Chinese culture and showcase them to the world. We will accelerate the development of China’s discourse and narrative systems, better tell China’s stories, make China’s voice heard, and present a China that is credible, appealing, and respectable. We will strengthen our international communications capabilities, make our communications more effective, and strive to strengthen China’s voice in international affairs so it is commensurate with our composite national strength and international status. We will deepen exchanges and mutual learning with other civilizations and better present Chinese culture to the world. |
| 九、增進民生福祉，提高人民生活品質 | IX. Improving the People’s Wellbeing and Raising Quality of Life |
| 江山就是人民，人民就是江山。中國共產黨領導人民打江山、守江山，守的是人民的心。治國有常，利民為本。為民造福是立黨為公、執政為民的本質要求。必須堅持在發展中保障和改善民生，鼓勵共同奮鬥創造美好生活，不斷實現人民對美好生活的嚮往。 | This country is its people; the people are the country. As the Communist Party of China has led the people in fighting to establish and develop the People’s Republic, it has really been fighting for their support. Bringing benefit to the people is the fundamental principle of governance. Working for the people’s wellbeing is an essential part of the Party’s commitment to serving the public good and exercising governance for the people. We must ensure and improve the people’s wellbeing in the course of pursuing development and encourage everyone to work hard together to meet the people’s aspirations for a better life. |
| 我們要實現好、維護好、發展好最廣大人民根本利益，緊緊抓住人民最關心最直接最現實的利益問題，堅持盡力而為、量力而行，深入群眾、深入基層，採取更多惠民生、暖民心舉措，着力解決好人民群眾急難愁盼問題，健全基本公共服務體系，提高公共服務水平，增強均衡性和可及性，紮實推進共同富裕。 | We must strive to realize, safeguard, and advance the fundamental interests of all our people. To this end, we must do everything within our capacity to resolve the most practical problems that are of the greatest and most direct concern to the people. We will stay engaged with our people and their communities, adopt more measures that deliver real benefits to the people and win their approval, and work hard to resolve the pressing difficulties and problems that concern them most. We will improve the basic public services system to raise public service standards and make public services more balanced and accessible, so as to achieve solid progress in promoting common prosperity. |
| （一）完善分配製度。分配製度是促進共同富裕的基礎性制度。堅持按勞分配為主體、多種分配方式並存，構建初次分配、再分配、第三次分配協調配套的制度體系。努力提高居民收入在國民收入分配中的比重，提高勞動報酬在初次分配中的比重。堅持多勞多得，鼓勵勤勞致富，促進機會公平，增加低收入者收入，擴大中等收入群體。完善按要素分配政策制度，探索多種渠道增加中低收入群眾要素收入，多渠道增加城鄉居民財產性收入。加大稅收、社會保障、轉移支付等的調節力度。完善個人所得稅制度，規範收入分配秩序，規範財富積累機制，保護合法收入，調節過高收入，取締非法收入。引導、支持有意願有能力的企業、社會組織和個人積極參與公益慈善事業。 | 1. Improving the system of income distribution
The system of income distribution is the foundational system for promoting common prosperity. We will keep distribution according to work as the mainstay with multiple forms of distribution existing alongside it, and we will build an institutional framework under which primary, secondary, and tertiary distribution are well coordinated and mutually complementary. We will work to raise the share of personal income in the distribution of national income and give more weight to work remuneration in primary distribution. We will ensure more pay for more work and encourage people to achieve prosperity through hard work. We will promote equality of opportunity, increase the incomes of low-income earners, and expand the size of the middle-income group. We will improve the policy system for distribution based on factors of production, explore multiple avenues to enable the low- and middle-income groups to earn more from production factors, and increase the property income of urban and rural residents through more channels. We will enhance the roles of taxation, social security, and transfer payments in regulating income distribution. We will improve the personal income tax system and keep income distribution and the means of accumulating wealth well-regulated. We will protect lawful income, adjust excessive income, and prohibit illicit income. We will provide guidance and support for enterprises, social organizations, and individuals who have the desire and ability to actively participate in charitable and public-interest initiatives. |
| （二）實施就業優先戰略。就業是最基本的民生。強化就業優先政策，健全就業促進機制，促進高質量充分就業。健全就業公共服務體系，完善重點群體就業支持體系，加強困難群體就業兜底幫扶。統籌城鄉就業政策體系，破除妨礙勞動力、人才流動的體制和政策弊端，消除影響平等就業的不合理限制和就業歧視，使人人都有通過勤奮勞動實現自身發展的機會。健全終身職業技能培訓制度，推動解決結構性就業矛盾。完善促進創業帶動就業的保障制度，支持和規範發展新就業形態。健全勞動法律法規，完善勞動關係協商協調機制，完善勞動者權益保障制度，加強靈活就業和新就業形態勞動者權益保障。 | 2. Implementing the employment-first strategy
Employment is the most basic component of the people’s wellbeing. We need to intensify efforts to implement the employment-first policy and improve related mechanisms to promote high-quality and full employment. We will refine the public services system for employment and the system of providing employment support for key groups and do more to help those in difficulty find employment and meet their basic needs. We will integrate the urban and rural employment policy systems, remove institutional and policy barriers that impede the flow of labor and talent, and eliminate unjustified restrictions and discrimination that undermine equal employment. In this way, we will ensure that everyone has the opportunity to pursue a career through hard work. We will improve the system of lifelong vocational training and tackle structural unemployment. We will improve the system for creating jobs by encouraging business startups and support and regulate the development of new forms of employment. We will improve labor laws and regulations, the mechanisms for labor relation consultations and mediation, and the systems for safeguarding workers』 rights and interests, and we will do more to protect the rights and interests of those in flexible employment and new forms of employment. |
| （三）健全社會保障體系。社會保障體系是人民生活的安全網和社會運行的穩定器。健全覆蓋全民、統籌城鄉、公平統一、安全規範、可持續的多層次社會保障體系。完善基本養老保險全國統籌制度，發展多層次、多支柱養老保險體系。實施漸進式延遲法定退休年齡。擴大社會保險覆蓋面，健全基本養老、基本醫療保險籌資和待遇調整機制，推動基本醫療保險、失業保險、工傷保險省級統籌。促進多層次醫療保障有序銜接，完善大病保險和醫療救助制度，落實異地就醫結算，建立長期護理保險制度，積極發展商業醫療保險。加快完善全國統一的社會保險公共服務平台。健全社保基金保值增值和安全監管體系。健全分層分類的社會救助體系。堅持男女平等基本國策，保障婦女兒童合法權益。完善殘疾人社會保障制度和關愛服務體系，促進殘疾人事業全面發展。堅持房子是用來住的、不是用來炒的定位，加快建立多主體供給、多渠道保障、租購併舉的住房制度。 | 3. Improving the social security system
The social security system provides a safety net for people’s livelihoods and helps ensure social stability. We will further improve the multi-tiered social security system that covers the entire population in urban and rural areas and see that it is fair, unified, reliable, well-regulated, and sustainable. We will improve the unified national management system for basic old-age insurance funds and develop a multi-tiered and multi-pillar old-age insurance system. The statutory retirement age will be gradually raised. We will expand the coverage of social insurance programs, improve the mechanisms for financing and adjusting benefits for basic old-age insurance and basic medical insurance, and work toward provincial-level unified management of funds for basic medical insurance, unemployment insurance, and workers』 compensation. We will promote the orderly linking up of medical insurance programs at different levels, improve major disease insurance and medical assistance schemes, and see that medical expenses are settled where they are incurred. We will institute an insurance system to support long-term care and vigorously develop commercial medical insurance. We will move faster to improve the nationally unified public platform for social insurance services. Improvements will be made to the system whereby social security funds are kept safe through supervision and their value is maintained and increased over time. The multi-tiered and categorized social assistance system will be improved. We will remain committed to the fundamental national policy of gender equality and protect the lawful rights and interests of women and children. For people with disabilities, we will improve the social security and service systems and promote all-around development of related programs. Adhering to the principle that housing is for living in and not for speculation, we will move faster to build a housing system featuring multiple suppliers and various channels of support that encourages both housing rentals and purchases. |
| （四）推進健康中國建設。人民健康是民族昌盛和國家強盛的重要標誌。把保障人民健康放在優先發展的戰略位置，完善人民健康促進政策。優化人口發展戰略，建立生育支持政策體系，降低生育、養育、教育成本。實施積極應對人口老齡化國家戰略，發展養老事業和養老產業，優化孤寡老人服務，推動實現全體老年人享有基本養老服務。深化醫藥衛生體制改革，促進醫保、醫療、醫藥協同發展和治理。促進優質醫療資源擴容和區域均衡布局，堅持預防為主，加強重大慢性病健康管理，提高基層防病治病和健康管理能力。深化以公益性為導向的公立醫院改革，規範民營醫院發展。發展壯大醫療衛生隊伍，把工作重點放在農村和社區。重視心理健康和精神衛生。促進中醫藥傳承創新發展。創新醫防協同、醫防融合機制，健全公共衛生體系，提高重大疫情早發現能力，加強重大疫情防控救治體系和應急能力建設，有效遏制重大傳染性疾病傳播。深入開展健康中國行動和愛國衛生運動，倡導文明健康生活方式。 | 4. Advancing the Healthy China Initiative
People’s health is a key indicator of a prosperous nation and a strong country. We must give strategic priority to ensuring the people’s health and improve policies on promoting public health. We will improve the population development strategy, establish a policy system to boost birth rates, and bring down the costs of pregnancy and childbirth, child rearing, and schooling. We will pursue a proactive national strategy in response to population aging, develop elderly care programs and services, and provide better services for elderly people who live alone. By doing so, we can ensure that basic elderly care is accessible to the entire elderly population. We will further reform the medical and healthcare systems and promote coordinated development and regulation of medical insurance, medical services, and pharmaceuticals. We will expand the availability of quality medical resources and ensure they are better distributed among regions. Giving priority to prevention, we will strengthen health management for major chronic diseases and enhance the capacity for disease prevention and treatment as well as health management at the community level. We will deepen reform of public hospitals to see that they truly serve the public interest and better regulate the development of private hospitals. We will build up the ranks of medical and healthcare personnel with an emphasis on rural areas and urban communities. We will place importance on mental and psychological health. We will promote the preservation and innovative development of traditional Chinese medicine. We will develop new mechanisms for enhancing collaboration and integration between hospitals and institutions for disease prevention and control. We will also improve the public health system, improve our early warning system for major epidemics, and strengthen the systems for epidemic prevention, control, and treatment as well as our emergency response capacity so as to effectively contain major infectious diseases. We will further advance the Healthy China Initiative and patriotic health campaigns and promote sound, healthy lifestyles. |
| 十、推動綠色發展，促進人與自然和諧共生 | X. Pursuing Green Development and Promoting Harmony between Humanity and Nature |
| 大自然是人類賴以生存發展的基本條件。尊重自然、順應自然、保護自然，是全面建設社會主義現代化國家的內在要求。必須牢固樹立和踐行綠水青山就是金山銀山的理念，站在人與自然和諧共生的高度謀劃發展。 | Nature provides the basic conditions for human survival and development. Respecting, adapting to, and protecting nature is essential for building China into a modern socialist country in all respects. We must uphold and act on the principle that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets, and we must remember to maintain harmony between humanity and nature when planning our development. |
| 我們要推進美麗中國建設，堅持山水林田湖草沙一體化保護和系統治理，統籌產業結構調整、污染治理、生態保護、應對氣候變化，協同推進降碳、減污、擴綠、增長，推進生態優先、節約集約、綠色低碳發展。 | We will advance the Beautiful China Initiative and take a holistic and systematic approach to the conservation and improvement of mountains, waters, forests, farmlands, grasslands, and deserts. We will carry out coordinated industrial restructuring, pollution control, ecological conservation, and climate response, and we will promote concerted efforts to cut carbon emissions, reduce pollution, expand green development, and pursue economic growth. We will prioritize ecological protection, conserve resources and use them efficiently, and pursue green and low-carbon development. |
| （一）加快發展方式綠色轉型。推動經濟社會發展綠色化、低碳化是實現高質量發展的關鍵環節。加快推動產業結構、能源結構、交通運輸結構等調整優化。實施全面節約戰略，推進各類資源節約集約利用，加快構建廢棄物循環利用體系。完善支持綠色發展的財稅、金融、投資、價格政策和標準體系，發展綠色低碳產業，健全資源環境要素市場化配置體系，加快節能降碳先進技術研發和推廣應用，倡導綠色消費，推動形成綠色低碳的生產方式和生活方式。 | 1. Accelerating the transition to a model of green development
A green and low-carbon economy and society are crucial to high-quality development. We must work faster to adjust and improve the industrial structure, the energy mix, and the composition of the transportation sector. We will implement a comprehensive conservation strategy, conserve resources of all types and use them efficiently, and move faster to put in place a system for recycling waste and used materials. Fiscal, taxation, financial, investment, and pricing policies and systems of standards will be improved to support green development. We will boost green and low-carbon industries and improve the system for market-based allocation of resources and environmental factors. We will accelerate the R&D, promotion, and application of advanced energy-saving and carbon emission reduction technologies, encourage green consumption, and promote green and low-carbon ways of production and life. |
| （二）深入推進環境污染防治。堅持精準治污、科學治污、依法治污，持續深入打好藍天、碧水、淨土保衛戰。加強污染物協同控制，基本消除重污染天氣。統籌水資源、水環境、水生態治理，推動重要江河湖庫生態保護治理，基本消除城市黑臭水體。加強土壤污染源頭防控，開展新污染物治理。提升環境基礎設施建設水平，推進城鄉人居環境整治。全面實行排污許可制，健全現代環境治理體系。嚴密防控環境風險。深入推進中央生態環境保護督察。 | 2. Intensifying pollution prevention and control
We will continue to control pollution in a lawful, targeted, and science-based way, and we will make further efforts to keep our skies blue, waters clear, and lands clean. Pollutants will be controlled in a better-coordinated way, and we will basically eliminate serious air pollution. We will make concerted efforts to improve aquatic environments, water resources, and aquatic ecosystems, strengthen ecological conservation of major rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, and generally eliminate black, malodorous water bodies in cities. We will strengthen prevention and control of soil contamination at the source and control new pollutants. The environmental infrastructure will be upgraded and living environments in both urban and rural areas will be improved. The pollutant discharge permit system will be implemented across the board, and more will be done to modernize the environmental governance system. We will rigorously prevent and control environmental risks and strengthen central government environmental inspections. |
| （三）提升生態系統多樣性、穩定性、持續性。以國家重點生態功能區、生態保護紅線、自然保護地等為重點，加快實施重要生態系統保護和修復重大工程。推進以國家公園為主體的自然保護地體系建設。實施生物多樣性保護重大工程。科學開展大規模國土綠化行動。深化集體林權制度改革。推行草原森林河流湖泊濕地休養生息，實施好長江十年禁漁，健全耕地休耕輪作制度。建立生態產品價值實現機制，完善生態保護補償制度。加強生物安全管理，防治外來物種侵害。 | 3. Enhancing diversity, stability, and sustainability in our ecosystems
Major projects for preserving and restoring key ecosystems will be carried out at a faster pace in priority areas, including key national ecosystem service zones, ecological conservation redlines, and nature reserves. We will develop the national park-based nature reserve system and carry out major biodiversity protection projects. Large-scale greening programs will be rolled out in a well-planned way, and reform of collective forest tenure will be deepened. We will promote the natural regeneration of grasslands, forests, rivers, lakes, and wetlands, enforce the 10-year fishing ban on the Yangtze River, and improve the system of fallowing and crop rotation. We will establish mechanisms to realize the market value of ecosystem goods and services and improve the compensation system for ecological conservation. Biosafety and biosecurity management will be strengthened, and efforts will be made to prevent and treat harm caused by invasions of exotic species. |
| （四）積極穩妥推進碳達峰碳中和。實現碳達峰碳中和是一場廣泛而深刻的經濟社會系統性變革。立足我國能源資源稟賦，堅持先立後破，有計劃分步驟實施碳達峰行動。完善能源消耗總量和強度調控，重點控制化石能源消費，逐步轉向碳排放總量和強度「雙控」制度。推動能源清潔低碳高效利用，推進工業、建築、交通等領域清潔低碳轉型。深入推進能源革命，加強煤炭清潔高效利用，加大油氣資源勘探開發和增儲上產力度，加快規劃建設新型能源體系，統籌水電開發和生態保護，積極安全有序發展核電，加強能源產供儲銷體系建設，確保能源安全。完善碳排放統計核算制度，健全碳排放權市場交易制度。提升生態系統碳匯能力。積極參與應對氣候變化全球治理。 | 4. Working actively and prudently toward the goals of reaching peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality
Reaching peak carbon emissions and achieving carbon neutrality will mean a broad and profound systemic socio-economic transformation. Based on China’s energy and resource endowment, we will advance initiatives to reach peak carbon emissions in a well-planned and phased way in line with the principle of building the new before discarding the old. We will exercise better control over the amount and intensity of energy consumption, particularly of fossil fuels, and transition gradually toward controlling both the amount and intensity of carbon emissions. We will promote clean, low-carbon, and high-efficiency energy use and push forward the clean and low-carbon transition in industry, construction, transportation, and other sectors. We will thoroughly advance the energy revolution. Coal will be used in a cleaner and more efficient way, and greater efforts will be made to explore and develop petroleum and natural gas, discover more untapped reserves, and increase production. We will speed up the planning and development of a system for new energy sources, properly balance hydropower development and ecological conservation, and develop nuclear power in an active, safe, and orderly manner. We will strengthen our systems for energy production, supply, storage, and marketing to ensure energy security. We will improve the statistics and accounting system and the cap-and-trade system for carbon emissions. The carbon absorption capacity of ecosystems will be boosted. We will get actively involved in global governance in response to climate change. |
| 十一、推進國家安全體系和能力現代化，堅決維護國家安全和社會穩定 | XI. Modernizing China’s National Security System and Capacity and Safeguarding National Security and Social Stability |
| 國家安全是民族復興的根基，社會穩定是國家強盛的前提。必須堅定不移貫徹總體國家安全觀，把維護國家安全貫穿黨和國家工作各方面全過程，確保國家安全和社會穩定。 | National security is the bedrock of national rejuvenation, and social stability is a prerequisite for building a strong and prosperous China. We must resolutely pursue a holistic approach to national security and promote national security in all areas and stages of the work of the Party and the country, so as to ensure national security and social stability. |
| 我們要堅持以人民安全為宗旨、以政治安全為根本、以經濟安全為基礎、以軍事科技文化社會安全為保障、以促進國際安全為依託，統籌外部安全和內部安全、國土安全和國民安全、傳統安全和非傳統安全、自身安全和共同安全，統籌維護和塑造國家安全，夯實國家安全和社會穩定基層基礎，完善參與全球安全治理機制，建設更高水平的平安中國，以新安全格局保障新發展格局。 | We must take the people’s security as our ultimate goal, political security as our fundamental task, economic security as our foundation, military, technological, cultural, and social security as important pillars, and international security as a support. We will take coordinated steps to ensure external and internal security, homeland and public security, traditional and non-traditional security, and our own security and common security. We will both uphold national security and create the conditions for ensuring it. We will strengthen popular support for national security and social stability, improve the mechanisms for our participation in global security governance, and advance the Peaceful China Initiative to a higher level. With this new security architecture, we will be able to better safeguard China’s new pattern of development. |
| （一）健全國家安全體系。堅持黨中央對國家安全工作的集中統一領導，完善高效權威的國家安全領導體制。強化國家安全工作協調機制，完善國家安全法治體系、戰略體系、政策體系、風險監測預警體系、國家應急管理體系，完善重點領域安全保障體系和重要專項協調指揮體系，強化經濟、重大基礎設施、金融、網絡、數據、生物、資源、核、太空、海洋等安全保障體系建設。健全反制裁、反干涉、反「長臂管轄」機制。完善國家安全力量布局，構建全域聯動、立體高效的國家安全防護體系。 | 1. Improving the national security system
We must uphold the Central Committee’s centralized, unified leadership over national security work and make sure that our leadership system for national security is high-performing and authoritative. The mechanisms for coordinating national security work will be strengthened. Improvements will be made in the legal, strategy, and policy systems for national security as well as the risk monitoring and early warning systems and the national emergency management system. We will also improve the systems that safeguard security in key sectors and the coordination and command systems for major projects. We will strengthen the safeguards for ensuring economic, major infrastructure, financial, cyber, data, biological, resource, nuclear, space, and maritime security. Mechanisms for countering foreign sanctions, interference, and long-arm jurisdiction will be strengthened. We will improve the allocation of national security resources and create a coordinated, multi-dimensional, and highly effective system for protecting national security across all domains. |
| （二）增強維護國家安全能力。堅定維護國家政權安全、制度安全、意識形態安全，加強重點領域安全能力建設，確保糧食、能源資源、重要產業鏈供應鏈安全，加強海外安全保障能力建設，維護我國公民、法人在海外合法權益，維護海洋權益，堅定捍衛國家主權、安全、發展利益。提高防範化解重大風險能力，嚴密防範系統性安全風險，嚴厲打擊敵對勢力滲透、破壞、顛覆、分裂活動。全面加強國家安全教育，提高各級領導幹部統籌發展和安全能力，增強全民國家安全意識和素養，築牢國家安全人民防線。 | 2. Strengthening our capacity for safeguarding national security
We will resolutely safeguard the security of China’s state power, systems, and ideology and build up security capacity in key areas. We will ensure the security of food, energy, and resources as well as key industrial and supply chains. We will strengthen our capacity to ensure overseas security and protect the lawful rights and interests of Chinese citizens and legal entities overseas. We will safeguard China’s maritime rights and interests and resolutely defend our country’s sovereignty, security, and development interests. We will enhance our capacity to prevent and mitigate major risks and will remain on high alert against systemic security risks. We will crack down hard on infiltration, sabotage, subversion, and separatist activities by hostile forces.
We will conduct extensive public communications about the importance of national security and improve the ability of leading officials at all levels to ensure security in the pursuit of development. This will raise the people’s awareness and readiness regarding national security and strengthen the public line of defense. |
| （三）提高公共安全治理水平。堅持安全第一、預防為主，建立大安全大應急框架，完善公共安全體系，推動公共安全治理模式向事前預防轉型。推進安全生產風險專項整治，加強重點行業、重點領域安全監管。提高防災減災救災和重大突發公共事件處置保障能力，加強國家區域應急力量建設。強化食品藥品安全監管，健全生物安全監管預警防控體系。加強個人信息保護。 | 3. Enhancing public safety governance
We will follow the principles of putting safety first and placing emphasis on prevention, and we will establish an overall safety and emergency response framework. The public safety system will be improved, and we will drive a shift in public safety governance toward a model of prevention. Workplace safety risk controls will be strengthened, and safety supervision in key sectors and areas will be bolstered. We will enhance our capacity for disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief and for responding to and providing support during major public emergencies. Regional emergency response capacity will be strengthened. We will tighten supervision over food and drug safety and improve the systems of supervision, early warning, and prevention and control for biosafety and biosecurity. Protection of personal information will be strengthened. |
| （四）完善社會治理體系。健全共建共治共享的社會治理制度，提升社會治理效能。在社會基層堅持和發展新時代「楓橋經驗」，完善正確處理新形勢下人民內部矛盾機制，加強和改進人民信訪工作，暢通和規範群眾訴求表達、利益協調、權益保障通道，完善網格化管理、精細化服務、信息化支撐的基層治理平台，健全城鄉社區治理體系，及時把矛盾糾紛化解在基層、化解在萌芽狀態。加快推進市域社會治理現代化，提高市域社會治理能力。強化社會治安整體防控，推進掃黑除惡常態化，依法嚴懲群眾反映強烈的各類違法犯罪活動。發展壯大群防群治力量，營造見義勇為社會氛圍，建設人人有責、人人盡責、人人享有的社會治理共同體。 | 4. Improving the social governance system
We will improve the social governance system based on collaboration, participation, and shared benefits, so as to make social governance more effective. We will apply and further develop the 「Fengqiao model」 for promoting community-level governance in the new era, and we will improve the mechanisms for appropriately addressing disputes between members of the public under the new circumstances. We will improve our work in handling public complaints and maintain open and regular channels for learning about people’s concerns, handling their claims, and protecting their rights and interests. Primary-level social governance platforms featuring grid-based management, meticulous services, and IT support will be improved to strengthen urban and rural community governance. We should see that problems are resolved as they emerge at the community level. We will work faster to modernize and enhance social governance in cities. We will take a holistic approach to ensuring law and order, we will consistently combat and root out organized crime, and we will lawfully crack down on various illegal and criminal activities that cause grave public concern. We will boost public participation in crime prevention and control and create an atmosphere that honors individuals who rise to the occasion during emergencies. This will foster a community of social governance in which everyone fulfills their responsibilities and shares in the benefits. |
| 十二、實現建軍一百年奮鬥目標，開創國防和軍隊現代化新局面 | XII. Achieving the Centenary Goal of the People’s Liberation Army and Further Modernizing National Defense and the Military |
| 如期實現建軍一百年奮鬥目標，加快把人民軍隊建成世界一流軍隊，是全面建設社會主義現代化國家的戰略要求。必須貫徹新時代黨的強軍思想，貫徹新時代軍事戰略方針，堅持黨對人民軍隊的絕對領導，堅持政治建軍、改革強軍、科技強軍、人才強軍、依法治軍，堅持邊鬥爭、邊備戰、邊建設，堅持機械化信息化智能化融合發展，加快軍事理論現代化、軍隊組織形態現代化、軍事人員現代化、武器裝備現代化，提高捍衛國家主權、安全、發展利益戰略能力，有效履行新時代人民軍隊使命任務。 | Achieving the goals for the centenary of the People’s Liberation Army in 2027 and more quickly elevating our people’s armed forces to world-class standards are strategic tasks for building a modern socialist country in all respects. To this end, we must apply the thinking on strengthening the military for the new era, implement the military strategy for the new era, and maintain the Party’s absolute leadership over the people’s armed forces.
We will continue to enhance political loyalty in the military, strengthen the military through reform, science and technology, and personnel training, and run the military in accordance with the law. We will simultaneously carry out operations, boost combat preparedness, and enhance our military capabilities. We will continue integrated development of the military through mechanization, informatization, and the application of smart technologies and work faster to modernize military theory, organizational forms, personnel, and weaponry and equipment. We will enhance the military’s strategic capabilities for defending China’s sovereignty, security, and development interests and see that the people’s armed forces effectively fulfill their missions and tasks in the new era. |
| 全面加強人民軍隊黨的建設，確保槍桿子永遠聽黨指揮。健全貫徹軍委主席負責制體制機制。深化黨的創新理論武裝，開展「學習強軍思想、建功強軍事業」教育實踐活動。加強軍史學習教育，繁榮發展強軍文化，強化戰鬥精神培育。建強人民軍隊黨的組織體系，推進政治整訓常態化制度化，持之以恆正風肅紀反腐。 | We will strengthen Party building across the board in the people’s armed forces to ensure that they always obey the Party’s command. We will improve the institutions and mechanisms for implementing the system of ultimate responsibility resting with the chairman of the Central Military Commission.
We will continue to arm our military service members with the Party’s new theories and carry out activities so that they gain a good command of the thinking on strengthening the military and contribute their share to building a strong military. We will encourage military personnel to learn more about the history of the military, promote a thriving military culture, and redouble efforts to foster our military’s fighting spirit. We will strengthen Party organizations in the people’s armed forces, carry out regular activities and put in place institutions to improve the military’s political work, and make unremitting efforts to improve conduct, enforce discipline, and combat corruption in the military. |
| 全面加強練兵備戰，提高人民軍隊打贏能力。研究掌握信息化智能化戰爭特點規律，創新軍事戰略指導，發展人民戰爭戰略戰術。打造強大戰略威懾力量體系，增加新域新質作戰力量比重，加快無人智能作戰力量發展，統籌網絡信息體系建設運用。優化聯合作戰指揮體系，推進偵察預警、聯合打擊、戰場支撐、綜合保障體系和能力建設。深入推進實戰化軍事訓練，深化聯合訓練、對抗訓練、科技練兵。加強軍事力量常態化多樣化運用，堅定靈活開展軍事鬥爭，塑造安全態勢，遏控危機衝突，打贏局部戰爭。 | We will intensify troop training and enhance combat preparedness across the board to see that our people’s armed forces can fight and win. We will study and gain a good grasp of the characteristics of informatized and intelligent warfare and the laws that govern it, provide new military strategic guidance, and develop strategies and tactics for a people’s war.
We will establish a strong system of strategic deterrence, increase the proportion of new-domain forces with new combat capabilities, speed up the development of unmanned, intelligent combat capabilities, and promote coordinated development and application of the network information system. We will improve the command system for joint operations and enhance our systems and capacity for reconnaissance and early warning, joint strikes, battlefield support, and integrated logistics support. We will intensify military training under combat conditions, laying emphasis on joint training, force-on-force training, and high-tech training. We will become more adept at deploying our military forces on a regular basis and in diversified ways, and our military will remain both steadfast and flexible as it carries out its operations. This will enable us to shape our security posture, deter and manage crises and conflicts, and win local wars. |
| 全面加強軍事治理，鞏固拓展國防和軍隊改革成果，完善軍事力量結構編成，體系優化軍事政策制度。加強國防和軍隊建設重大任務戰建備統籌，加快建設現代化後勤，實施國防科技和武器裝備重大工程，加速科技向戰鬥力轉化。深化軍隊院校改革，建強新型軍事人才培養體系，創新軍事人力資源管理。加強依法治軍機制建設和戰略規劃，完善中國特色軍事法治體系。改進戰略管理，提高軍事系統運行效能和國防資源使用效益。 | We will strengthen all-around military governance. We will build on and expand the gains of national defense and military reform, improve the structure and composition of the armed forces, and refine the framework of military policies and institutions.
In fulfilling major tasks for national defense and military development, we will coordinate our operations, capacity building, and combat preparedness. We will speed up the development of modern logistics, implement major projects to develop defense-related science and technology, weaponry, and equipment, and move faster to translate scientific and technological advances into combat capabilities. We will deepen the reform of military universities and colleges, build a strong system for training new types of military personnel, and develop new ways to manage military human resources. We will strengthen mechanisms and strategic planning for running the armed forces in accordance with the law and improve the Chinese system for law-based administration of military affairs. We will refine strategic management, improve the performance of the military system, and put defense resources to better use. |
| 鞏固提高一體化國家戰略體系和能力。加強軍地戰略規劃統籌、政策制度銜接、資源要素共享。優化國防科技工業體系和布局，加強國防科技工業能力建設。深化全民國防教育。加強國防動員和後備力量建設，推進現代邊海空防建設。加強軍人軍屬榮譽激勵和權益保障，做好退役軍人服務保障工作。鞏固發展軍政軍民團結。 | We will consolidate and enhance integrated national strategies and strategic capabilities. We will better coordinate strategies and plans, align policies and systems, and share resources and production factors between the military and civilian sectors. We will improve the system and layout of science, technology, and industries related to national defense and step up capacity building in these areas.
We will raise public awareness of the importance of national defense. We will improve our national defense mobilization capacity and the development of our reserve forces, and we will modernize our border, coastal, and air defense. We will better motivate service personnel and their family members through military honors and do more to protect their rights and interests. Better services and support will be provided to ex-service personnel. We will consolidate and boost unity between the military and the government and between the military and the people. |
| 人民軍隊始終是黨和人民完全可以信賴的英雄軍隊，有信心、有能力維護國家主權、統一和領土完整，有信心、有能力為實現中華民族偉大復興提供戰略支撐，有信心、有能力為世界和平與發展作出更大貢獻！ | Our people’s armed forces are a heroic fighting force that enjoys the full trust of the Party and the people. They have the confidence and the ability to safeguard China’s sovereignty, unity, and territorial integrity; the confidence and the ability to provide strategic support for the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation; and the confidence and the ability to make yet greater contributions to world peace and development. |
| 十三、堅持和完善「一國兩制」，推進祖國統一 | XIII. Upholding and Improving the Policy of One Country, Two Systems and Promoting National Reunification |
| 「一國兩制」是中國特色社會主義的偉大創舉，是香港、澳門回歸後保持長期繁榮穩定的最佳制度安排，必須長期堅持。 | The policy of One Country, Two Systems is a great innovation of socialism with Chinese characteristics. It has proven to be the best institutional arrangement for ensuring sustained prosperity and stability in Hong Kong and Macao after their return to the motherland. This policy must be adhered to over the long term. |
| 全面準確、堅定不移貫徹「一國兩制」、「港人治港」、「澳人治澳」、高度自治的方針，堅持依法治港治澳，維護憲法和基本法確定的特別行政區憲制秩序。堅持和完善「一國兩制」制度體系，落實中央全面管治權，落實「愛國者治港」、「愛國者治澳」原則，落實特別行政區維護國家安全的法律制度和執行機制。堅持中央全面管治權和保障特別行政區高度自治權相統一，堅持行政主導，支持行政長官和特別行政區政府依法施政，提升全面治理能力和管治水平，完善特別行政區司法制度和法律體系，保持香港、澳門資本主義制度和生活方式長期不變，促進香港、澳門長期繁榮穩定。 | We will fully, faithfully, and resolutely implement the policy of One Country, Two Systems, under which the people of Hong Kong administer Hong Kong and the people of Macao administer Macao, both with a high degree of autonomy. We will remain committed to law-based governance in Hong Kong and Macao and maintain constitutional order in these two special administrative regions as stipulated in China’s Constitution and their basic laws.
We will uphold and improve the systems for implementing the One Country, Two Systems policy and ensure that the central government exercises overall jurisdiction over the two regions. We will see that Hong Kong and Macao are administered by patriots and that the laws and enforcement mechanisms for safeguarding national security are implemented there. We will ensure both the central government’s overall jurisdiction and a high degree of autonomy in the special administrative regions. We will uphold executive-led government in Hong Kong and Macao and support the chief executives and governments of the two regions in exercising law-based administration, enhancing their overall governance and management capacity, and improving their judicial and legal systems. We will ensure that the capitalist system and way of life remain unchanged in Hong Kong and Macao in the long run and work to promote long-term prosperity and stability in the two regions. |
| 支持香港、澳門發展經濟、改善民生、破解經濟社會發展中的深層次矛盾和問題。發揮香港、澳門優勢和特點，鞏固提升香港、澳門在國際金融、貿易、航運航空、創新科技、文化旅遊等領域的地位，深化香港、澳門同各國各地區更加開放、更加密切的交往合作。推進粵港澳大灣區建設，支持香港、澳門更好融入國家發展大局，為實現中華民族偉大復興更好發揮作用。 | We will support Hong Kong and Macao in growing their economies, improving their people’s lives, and resolving deep-seated issues and problems in economic and social development. We will give full play to the strengths and distinctive features of the two regions to see them consolidate and elevate their international position in finance, trade, shipping, aviation, innovation and technology, culture and tourism, and other fields.
We will encourage Hong Kong and Macao to conduct deeper, closer, and broader exchanges and cooperation with other regions and countries. We will continue to develop the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area and support Hong Kong and Macao in better integrating themselves into China’s overall development and playing a greater role in realizing national rejuvenation. |
| 發展壯大愛國愛港愛澳力量，增強港澳同胞的愛國精神，形成更廣泛的國內外支持「一國兩制」的統一戰線。堅決打擊反中亂港亂澳勢力，堅決防範和遏制外部勢力干預港澳事務。 | We will inspire more people in Hong Kong and Macao to love both the country and their own regions, be more patriotic, and forge a broader united front at home and abroad in support of the One Country, Two Systems policy. We will crack down hard on anti-China elements who attempt to create chaos in Hong Kong and Macao. We will take resolute action to prevent and stop interference in the affairs of Hong Kong and Macao by external forces. |
| 解決台灣問題、實現祖國完全統一，是黨矢志不渝的歷史任務，是全體中華兒女的共同願望，是實現中華民族偉大復興的必然要求。堅持貫徹新時代黨解決台灣問題的總體方略，牢牢把握兩岸關係主導權和主動權，堅定不移推進祖國統一大業。 | Resolving the Taiwan question and realizing China’s complete reunification is, for the Party, a historic mission and an unshakable commitment. It is also a shared aspiration of all the sons and daughters of the Chinese nation and a natural requirement for realizing the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. We will implement our Party’s overall policy for resolving the Taiwan question in the new era, maintain the initiative and the ability to steer in cross-Strait relations, and unswervingly advance the cause of national reunification. |
| 「和平統一、一國兩制」方針是實現兩岸統一的最佳方式，對兩岸同胞和中華民族最有利。我們堅持一個中國原則和「九二共識」，在此基礎上，推進同台灣各黨派、各界別、各階層人士就兩岸關係和國家統一開展廣泛深入協商，共同推動兩岸關係和平發展、推進祖國和平統一進程。我們堅持團結廣大台灣同胞，堅定支持島內愛國統一力量，共同把握歷史大勢，堅守民族大義，堅定反「獨」促統。偉大祖國永遠是所有愛國統一力量的堅強後盾！ | The policies of peaceful reunification and One Country, Two Systems are the best way to realize reunification across the Taiwan Strait; this best serves the interests of Chinese people on both sides of the Strait and the entire Chinese nation. We will adhere to the one-China principle and the 1992 Consensus. On this basis, we will conduct extensive and in-depth consultations on cross-Strait relations and national reunification with people from all political parties, sectors, and social strata in Taiwan, and we will work with them to promote peaceful development of cross-Strait relations and advance the process of China’s peaceful reunification.
We will stand closely with our Taiwan compatriots, give firm support to patriots in Taiwan who desire reunification, and join hands to keep pace with the trends of history. We will safeguard the overall interests of the Chinese nation and take resolute steps to oppose 「Taiwan independence」 and promote reunification. Our great country will forever stand firm behind all patriots who support reunification. |
| 兩岸同胞血脈相連，是血濃於水的一家人。我們始終尊重、關愛、造福台灣同胞，繼續致力於促進兩岸經濟文化交流合作，深化兩岸各領域融合發展，完善增進台灣同胞福祉的制度和政策，推動兩岸共同弘揚中華文化，促進兩岸同胞心靈契合。 | Blood runs thicker than water, and fellow Chinese on both sides of the Taiwan Strait are one family bound by blood. We have always shown respect and care for our Taiwan compatriots and worked to deliver benefits to them. We will continue to promote economic and cultural exchanges and cooperation across the Strait, advance our integrated development in all fields, and improve systems and policies that contribute to the wellbeing of our Taiwan compatriots. We will encourage people on both sides of the Strait to work together to promote Chinese culture and forge closer bonds. |
| 台灣是中國的台灣。解決台灣問題是中國人自己的事，要由中國人來決定。我們堅持以最大誠意、盡最大努力爭取和平統一的前景，但決不承諾放棄使用武力，保留採取一切必要措施的選項，這針對的是外部勢力干涉和極少數「台獨」分裂分子及其分裂活動，絕非針對廣大台灣同胞。國家統一、民族復興的歷史車輪滾滾向前，祖國完全統一一定要實現，也一定能夠實現！ | Taiwan is China’s Taiwan. Resolving the Taiwan question is a matter for the Chinese, a matter that must be resolved by the Chinese. We will continue to strive for peaceful reunification with the greatest sincerity and the utmost effort, but we will never promise to renounce the use of force, and we reserve the option of taking all measures necessary. This is directed solely at interference by outside forces and the few separatists seeking 「Taiwan independence」 and their separatist activities; it is by no means targeted at our Taiwan compatriots.
The wheels of history are rolling on toward China’s reunification and the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Complete reunification of our country must be realized, and it can, without doubt, be realized! |
| 十四、促進世界和平與發展，推動構建人類命運共同體 | XIV. Promoting World Peace and Development and Building a Human Community with a Shared Future |
| 當前，世界之變、時代之變、歷史之變正以前所未有的方式展開。一方面，和平、發展、合作、共贏的歷史潮流不可阻擋，人心所向、大勢所趨決定了人類前途終歸光明。另一方面，恃強凌弱、巧取豪奪、零和博弈等霸權霸道霸凌行徑危害深重，和平赤字、發展赤字、安全赤字、治理赤字加重，人類社會面臨前所未有的挑戰。世界又一次站在歷史的十字路口，何去何從取決於各國人民的抉擇。 | Today, our world, our times, and history are changing in ways like never before. The historical trends of peace, development, cooperation, and mutual benefit are unstoppable. The will of the people and the general trends of our day will eventually lead to a bright future for humanity. And yet, the hegemonic, high-handed, and bullying acts of using strength to intimidate the weak, taking from others by force and subterfuge, and playing zero-sum games are exerting grave harm. The deficit in peace, development, security, and governance is growing. All of this is posing unprecedented challenges for human society. The world has once again reached a crossroads in history, and its future course will be decided by all the world’s peoples. |
| 中國始終堅持維護世界和平、促進共同發展的外交政策宗旨，致力於推動構建人類命運共同體。 | For its part, China has always been committed to its foreign policy goals of upholding world peace and promoting common development, and it is dedicated to promoting a human community with a shared future. |
| 中國堅定奉行獨立自主的和平外交政策，始終根據事情本身的是非曲直決定自己的立場和政策，維護國際關係基本準則，維護國際公平正義。中國尊重各國主權和領土完整，堅持國家不分大小、強弱、貧富一律平等，尊重各國人民自主選擇的發展道路和社會制度，堅決反對一切形式的霸權主義和強權政治，反對冷戰思維，反對干涉別國內政，反對搞雙重標準。中國奉行防禦性的國防政策，中國的發展是世界和平力量的增長，無論發展到什麼程度，中國永遠不稱霸、永遠不搞擴張。 | China remains firm in pursuing an independent foreign policy of peace. It has always decided its position and policy on issues based on their own merits, and it has strived to uphold the basic norms governing international relations and safeguard international fairness and justice.
China respects the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries. It stays true to the principle of equality of all countries big or small, strong or weak, and rich or poor, and it respects the development paths and social systems independently chosen by all the world’s peoples. China stands firmly against all forms of hegemonism and power politics, the Cold War mentality, interference in other countries』 internal affairs, and double standards. China pursues a defensive national defense policy, and its development strengthens the world’s forces for peace. No matter what stage of development it reaches, China will never seek hegemony or engage in expansionism. |
| 中國堅持在和平共處五項原則基礎上同各國發展友好合作，推動構建新型國際關係，深化拓展平等、開放、合作的全球夥伴關係，致力於擴大同各國利益的匯合點。促進大國協調和良性互動，推動構建和平共處、總體穩定、均衡發展的大國關係格局。堅持親誠惠容和與鄰為善、以鄰為伴周邊外交方針，深化同周邊國家友好互信和利益融合。秉持真實親誠理念和正確義利觀加強同發展中國家團結合作，維護發展中國家共同利益。中國共產黨願在獨立自主、完全平等、互相尊重、互不干涉內部事務原則基礎上加強同各國政黨和政治組織交流合作，積極推進人大、政協、軍隊、地方、民間等各方面對外交往。 | China adheres to the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence[3] in pursuing friendship and cooperation with other countries. It is committed to promoting a new type of international relations, deepening and expanding global partnerships based on equality, openness, and cooperation, and broadening the convergence of interests with other countries. China works to enhance coordination and positive interaction with other major countries to build major-country relations featuring peaceful coexistence, overall stability, and balanced development. Acting on the principles of amity, sincerity, mutual benefit, and inclusiveness and the policy of forging friendships and partnerships with its neighbors, China strives to enhance friendly ties, mutual trust, and converging interests with its neighboring countries. Guided by the principles of sincerity, real results, affinity, and good faith and with a commitment to the greater good and shared interests, China endeavors to strengthen solidarity and cooperation with other developing countries and safeguard the common interests of the developing world.
The Communist Party of China stands ready to boost exchanges and cooperation with political parties and organizations of other countries based on the principles of independence, complete equality, mutual respect, and noninterference in each other’s internal affairs. Our Party encourages people’s congresses, CPPCC committees, the military, local governments, and people’s organizations to expand their external exchanges. |
| 中國堅持對外開放的基本國策，堅定奉行互利共贏的開放戰略，不斷以中國新發展為世界提供新機遇，推動建設開放型世界經濟，更好惠及各國人民。中國堅持經濟全球化正確方向，推動貿易和投資自由化便利化，推進雙邊、區域和多邊合作，促進國際宏觀經濟政策協調，共同營造有利於發展的國際環境，共同培育全球發展新動能，反對保護主義，反對「築牆設壘」、「脫鈎斷鏈」，反對單邊制裁、極限施壓。中國願加大對全球發展合作的資源投入，致力於縮小南北差距，堅定支持和幫助廣大發展中國家加快發展。 | China is committed to its fundamental national policy of opening to the outside world and pursues a mutually beneficial strategy of opening up. It strives to create new opportunities for the world with its own development and to contribute its share to building an open global economy that delivers greater benefits to all peoples.
China adheres to the right course of economic globalization. It strives to promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, advance bilateral, regional, and multilateral cooperation, and boost international macroeconomic policy coordination. It is committed to working with other countries to foster an international environment conducive to development and create new drivers for global growth. China opposes protectionism, the erection of 「fences and barriers,」 decoupling, disruption of industrial and supply chains, unilateral sanctions, and maximum-pressure tactics. China is prepared to invest more resources in global development cooperation. It is committed to narrowing the North-South gap and supporting and assisting other developing countries in accelerating development. |
| 中國積極參與全球治理體系改革和建設，踐行共商共建共享的全球治理觀，堅持真正的多邊主義，推進國際關係民主化，推動全球治理朝着更加公正合理的方向發展。堅定維護以聯合國為核心的國際體系、以國際法為基礎的國際秩序、以聯合國憲章宗旨和原則為基礎的國際關係基本準則，反對一切形式的單邊主義，反對搞針對特定國家的陣營化和排他性小圈子。推動世界貿易組織、亞太經合組織等多邊機制更好發揮作用，擴大金磚國家、上海合作組織等合作機制影響力，增強新興市場國家和發展中國家在全球事務中的代表性和發言權。中國堅持積極參與全球安全規則制定，加強國際安全合作，積極參與聯合國維和行動，為維護世界和平和地區穩定發揮建設性作用。 | China plays an active part in the reform and development of the global governance system. It pursues a vision of global governance featuring shared growth through discussion and collaboration. China upholds true multilateralism, promotes greater democracy in international relations, and works to make global governance fairer and more equitable.
China is firm in safeguarding the international system with the United Nations at its core, the international order underpinned by international law, and the basic norms governing international relations based on the purposes and principles of the UN Charter. It opposes all forms of unilateralism and the forming of blocs and exclusive groups targeted against particular countries. China works to see that multilateral institutions such as the WTO and APEC better play their roles, cooperation mechanisms such as BRICS and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) exert greater influence, and emerging markets and developing countries are better represented and have a greater say in global affairs. China is actively involved in setting global security rules, works to promote international security cooperation, and takes an active part in UN peacekeeping operations. China plays a constructive role in safeguarding world peace and regional stability. |
| 構建人類命運共同體是世界各國人民前途所在。萬物並育而不相害，道並行而不相悖。只有各國行天下之大道，和睦相處、合作共贏，繁榮才能持久，安全才有保障。中國提出了全球發展倡議、全球安全倡議，願同國際社會一道努力落實。中國堅持對話協商，推動建設一個持久和平的世界；堅持共建共享，推動建設一個普遍安全的世界；堅持合作共贏，推動建設一個共同繁榮的世界；堅持交流互鑒，推動建設一個開放包容的世界；堅持綠色低碳，推動建設一個清潔美麗的世界。 | Building a human community with a shared future is the way forward for all the world’s peoples. An ancient Chinese philosopher observed that 「all living things may grow side by side without harming one another, and different roads may run in parallel without interfering with one another.」 Only when all countries pursue the cause of common good, live in harmony, and engage in cooperation for mutual benefit will there be sustained prosperity and guaranteed security. It is in this spirit that China has put forward the Global Development Initiative and the Global Security Initiative, and it stands ready to work with the international community to put these two initiatives into action.
China is committed to building a world of lasting peace through dialogue and consultation, a world of universal security through collaboration and shared benefits, a world of common prosperity through mutually beneficial cooperation, an open and inclusive world through exchanges and mutual learning, and a clean and beautiful world through green and low-carbon development. |
| 我們真誠呼籲，世界各國弘揚和平、發展、公平、正義、民主、自由的全人類共同價值，促進各國人民相知相親，尊重世界文明多樣性，以文明交流超越文明隔閡、文明互鑒超越文明衝突、文明共存超越文明優越，共同應對各種全球性挑戰。 | We sincerely call upon all countries to hold dear humanity’s shared values of peace, development, fairness, justice, democracy, and freedom; to promote mutual understanding and forge closer bonds with other peoples; and to respect the diversity of civilizations. Let us allow cultural exchanges to transcend estrangement, mutual learning to transcend clashes, and coexistence to transcend feelings of superiority. Let us all join forces to meet all types of global challenges. |
| 我們所處的是一個充滿挑戰的時代，也是一個充滿希望的時代。中國人民願同世界人民攜手開創人類更加美好的未來！ | Although this is an era fraught with challenges, it is also an era brimming with hope. The Chinese people are ready to work hand in hand with people across the world to create an even brighter future for humanity. |
| 十五、堅定不移全面從嚴治黨，深入推進新時代黨的建設新的偉大工程 | XV. Exercising Full and Rigorous Self-Governance and Advancing the Great New Project of Party Building in the New Era |
| 全面建設社會主義現代化國家、全面推進中華民族偉大復興，關鍵在黨。我們黨作為世界上最大的馬克思主義執政黨，要始終贏得人民擁護、鞏固長期執政地位，必須時刻保持解決大黨獨有難題的清醒和堅定。經過十八大以來全面從嚴治黨，我們解決了黨內許多突出問題，但黨面臨的執政考驗、改革開放考驗、市場經濟考驗、外部環境考驗將長期存在，精神懈怠危險、能力不足危險、脫離群眾危險、消極腐敗危險將長期存在。全黨必須牢記，全面從嚴治黨永遠在路上，黨的自我革命永遠在路上，決不能有鬆勁歇腳、疲勞厭戰的情緒，必須持之以恆推進全面從嚴治黨，深入推進新時代黨的建設新的偉大工程，以黨的自我革命引領社會革命。 | Our Party has a pivotal role in building China into a modern socialist country in all respects and in advancing the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation on all fronts. As the largest Marxist governing party in the world, we must always stay alert and determined to tackle the special challenges that a large party like ours faces, so as to maintain the people’s support and consolidate our position as the long-term governing party.
Since our Party’s 18th National Congress, we have exercised full and rigorous self-governance and solved many of our prominent problems. Nevertheless, the tests the Party faces in governance, reform and opening up, the market economy, and the external environment will exist for a long time to come, as will the dangers of a lack of drive, incompetence, disengagement from the people, inaction, and corruption. All of us in the Party must bear in mind that full and rigorous self-governance is an unceasing endeavor and that self-reform is a journey to which there is no end. We must never slacken our efforts and never allow ourselves to become weary or beaten. We must persevere with full and rigorous self-governance, continue to advance the great new project of Party building in the new era, and use our own transformation to steer social transformation. |
| 我們要落實新時代黨的建設總要求，健全全面從嚴治黨體系，全面推進黨的自我淨化、自我完善、自我革新、自我提高，使我們黨堅守初心使命，始終成為中國特色社會主義事業的堅強領導核心。 | We must meet the overall requirements for Party building in the new era, improve the systems for exercising full and rigorous self-governance, and comprehensively advance our efforts to purify, improve, renew, and excel ourselves. This will enable our Party to stay true to its original aspiration and founding mission and remain the strong leadership core in building socialism with Chinese characteristics. |
| （一）堅持和加強黨中央集中統一領導。黨的領導是全面的、系統的、整體的，必須全面、系統、整體加以落實。健全總攬全局、協調各方的黨的領導制度體系，完善黨中央重大決策部署落實機制，確保全黨在政治立場、政治方向、政治原則、政治道路上同黨中央保持高度一致，確保黨的團結統一。完善黨中央決策議事協調機構，加強黨中央對重大工作的集中統一領導。加強黨的政治建設，嚴明政治紀律和政治規矩，落實各級黨委（黨組）主體責任，提高各級黨組織和黨員幹部政治判斷力、政治領悟力、政治執行力。堅持科學執政、民主執政、依法執政，貫徹民主集中制，創新和改進領導方式，提高黨把方向、謀大局、定政策、促改革能力，調動各方面積極性。增強黨內政治生活政治性、時代性、原則性、戰鬥性，用好批評和自我批評武器，持續淨化黨內政治生態。 | 1. Upholding and strengthening the centralized, unified leadership of the Party Central Committee
The Party’s leadership is comprehensive, systematic, and integrated; therefore, it must be exercised in a comprehensive, systematic, and integrated way. We will improve the leadership systems by which the Party exercises overall leadership and coordinates the efforts of all sides and refine the mechanisms through which the Party Central Committee’s major decisions and plans are implemented. This will ensure that all Party members closely follow the Central Committee in terms of political stance, orientation, principles, and path and that the Party’s solidarity and unity are maintained. We will improve the Central Committee’s decision-making, deliberative, and coordinating institutions, so as to strengthen its centralized, unified leadership over major initiatives. In strengthening the Party politically, we will enforce strict political discipline and rules, ensure that Party committees (leading Party members groups) at all levels fully assume their principal responsibilities, and enhance the political judgment, understanding, and implementation of Party organizations and Party officials at all levels. We will continue to conduct sound, democratic, and law-based governance, practice democratic centralism, and develop new and improved ways of exercising leadership. We will enhance the Party’s ability to chart the course, make overall plans, design policy, and promote reform, and we will keep everyone motivated. We will make intraparty political activities more politically oriented, up-to-date, principled, and effective. We will make full use of criticism and self-criticism and keep working to improve the political environment in the Party. |
| （二）堅持不懈用新時代中國特色社會主義思想凝心鑄魂。用黨的創新理論武裝全黨是黨的思想建設的根本任務。全面加強黨的思想建設，堅持用新時代中國特色社會主義思想統一思想、統一意志、統一行動，組織實施黨的創新理論學習教育計劃，建設馬克思主義學習型政黨。加強理想信念教育，引導全黨牢記黨的宗旨，解決好世界觀、人生觀、價值觀這個總開關問題，自覺做共產主義遠大理想和中國特色社會主義共同理想的堅定信仰者和忠實實踐者。堅持學思用貫通、知信行統一，把新時代中國特色社會主義思想轉化為堅定理想、錘鍊黨性和指導實踐、推動工作的強大力量。堅持理論武裝同常態化長效化開展黨史學習教育相結合，引導黨員、幹部不斷學史明理、學史增信、學史崇德、學史力行，傳承紅色基因，賡續紅色血脈。以縣處級以上領導幹部為重點在全黨深入開展主題教育。 | 2. Enhancing cohesion and forging the Party’s soul with the Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era
Arming our members with the Party’s new theories is a fundamental task of strengthening ourselves theoretically. To this end, we will continue to use the Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to achieve unity in thinking, will, and action. We will launch programs for Party members to study the Party’s new theory and build the Party into a Marxist party of learning. We will strengthen the ideals and convictions of our Party members, see that they are committed to the Party’s purpose, and resolve the fundamental question of the worldview, outlook on life, and values they should embrace. We will be firm believers and loyal practitioners of the noble ideal of communism and the common ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics. We will apply what we have learned in practice, act on our beliefs, and turn the Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era into a powerful force for strengthening ideals, enhancing Party consciousness, guiding practice, and advancing our work. We will combine theoretical study with regular, long-term study of the Party’s history and see that Party members and officials strengthen their understanding, conviction, integrity, and diligence through continued study of Party history and carry forward our revolutionary traditions and heritage. We will launch theoretical study programs for Party members, especially leading officials at and above the county and director level. |
| （三）完善黨的自我革命制度規範體系。堅持制度治黨、依規治黨，以黨章為根本，以民主集中制為核心，完善黨內法規制度體系，增強黨內法規權威性和執行力，形成堅持真理、修正錯誤，發現問題、糾正偏差的機制。健全黨統一領導、全面覆蓋、權威高效的監督體系，完善權力監督制約機制，以黨內監督為主導，促進各類監督貫通協調，讓權力在陽光下運行。推進政治監督具體化、精準化、常態化，增強對「一把手」和領導班子監督實效。發揮政治巡視利劍作用，加強巡視整改和成果運用。落實全面從嚴治黨政治責任，用好問責利器。 | 3. Improving the systems and regulations for the Party’s self-reform
We will continue to run the Party with systems and regulations. We should take the Party Constitution as our fundamental guide and give full play to the core role of democratic centralism in order to improve the framework of Party regulations, increase their authority, and fully enforce them. We will put in place mechanisms for upholding truth, correcting errors, uncovering problems, and remedying failings. We will improve the total-coverage, authoritative, and highly effective oversight system under the Party’s unified leadership and refine the mechanisms for overseeing power and keeping it in check. We will generate synergy between various forms of oversight with intraparty oversight serving as the mainstay, and we will ensure that power is exercised in broad daylight. We will conduct concrete, targeted, and regular political oversight and keep leadership teams and their heads under effective oversight. We will see that political inspections serve as a powerful tool and that follow-up rectifications are made accordingly and their results are put to practical use. We will work to ensure that political responsibility for full and rigorous Party self-governance is fulfilled and that accountability mechanisms have real teeth. |
| （四）建設堪當民族復興重任的高素質幹部隊伍。全面建設社會主義現代化國家，必須有一支政治過硬、適應新時代要求、具備領導現代化建設能力的幹部隊伍。堅持黨管幹部原則，堅持德才兼備、以德為先、五湖四海、任人唯賢，把新時代好幹部標準落到實處。樹立選人用人正確導向，選拔忠誠乾淨擔當的高素質專業化幹部，選優配強各級領導班子。堅持把政治標準放在首位，做深做實幹部政治素質考察，突出把好政治關、廉潔關。加強實踐鍛煉、專業訓練，注重在重大鬥爭中磨礪幹部，增強幹部推動高質量發展本領、服務群眾本領、防範化解風險本領。加強幹部鬥爭精神和鬥爭本領養成，着力增強防風險、迎挑戰、抗打壓能力，帶頭擔當作為，做到平常時候看得出來、關鍵時刻站得出來、危難關頭豁得出來。完善幹部考核評價體系，引導幹部樹立和踐行正確政績觀，推動幹部能上能下、能進能出，形成能者上、優者獎、庸者下、劣者汰的良好局面。抓好後繼有人這個根本大計，健全培養選拔優秀年輕幹部常態化工作機制，把到基層和艱苦地區鍛煉成長作為年輕幹部培養的重要途徑。重視女幹部培養選拔工作，發揮女幹部重要作用。重視培養和用好少數民族幹部，統籌做好黨外幹部工作。做好離退休幹部工作。加強和改進公務員工作，優化機構編制資源配置。堅持嚴管和厚愛相結合，加強對幹部全方位管理和經常性監督，落實「三個區分開來」，激勵幹部敢於擔當、積極作為。關心關愛基層幹部特別是條件艱苦地區幹部。 | 4. Cultivating officials capable of shouldering the mission of national rejuvenation
To build a modern socialist country in all respects, we must have a team of officials who are politically committed and who have the competence to meet the needs of the new era and lead China’s modernization drive. We must adhere to the principle of the Party supervising officials. We must select officials on the basis of both integrity and ability, with greater weight given to integrity, and on the basis of merit regardless of background, thus fully applying the criteria for judging competent officials in the new era. We will follow the right approach to selecting and appointing officials, select those who are high-caliber, professional, loyal, upright, and responsible, and ensure that strong and competent leadership teams are put in place at all levels. We will take political commitment as the primary criterion for selection and carry out solid vetting of officials』 political commitment to ensure that they are politically reliable and corruption-free. We will strengthen the ability of officials by tempering them through practice and giving them professional training, and we will focus on honing their skills by assigning them major tasks. This will help to ensure that officials become more capable of pursuing high-quality development, serving the people, and guarding against and defusing risks. We will redouble our efforts to build the fighting spirit and ability of officials, particularly their ability to prevent risks, rise to challenges, and withstand pressure. This will enable them to take the lead in shouldering responsibility and to excel in their daily work, step forward at critical moments, and act with courage in times of danger. We will improve the system for assessing officials』 performance and see that officials have a correct understanding of what it means to perform well. We should also see that officials can be demoted as well as promoted and dismissed as well as recruited, thereby creating an environment in which the competent are elevated, the outstanding are rewarded, the mediocre are demoted, and the incompetent are dismissed. It is of critical importance to the Party’s future that we have qualified successors to carry forward our cause. With this in mind, we will improve the regular working mechanisms for training and selecting promising young officials. We should encourage young officials to work and gain experience in local communities and areas where conditions are harsh, and we should make such assignments an important part of their training. We will attach importance to cultivating and selecting female officials and give full play to their important role. We will also attach importance to cultivating and appointing officials from ethnic minorities and carry out work related to non-Party officials in a well-coordinated way. We will ensure that retired officials are well taken care of. We will improve our management of public servants and better allocate staffing resources for Party and state institutions. We should both be strict with our officials and care for them, and we should strengthen overall management and regular supervision of them. We should apply the 「three distinctions,」[4] so as to encourage officials to boldly take on responsibilities and demonstrate enterprise in their work. We should care about officials working in local communities, particularly those working in areas where conditions are harsh. |
| （五）增強黨組織政治功能和組織功能。嚴密的組織體系是黨的優勢所在、力量所在。各級黨組織要履行黨章賦予的各項職責，把黨的路線方針政策和黨中央決策部署貫徹落實好，把各領域廣大群眾組織凝聚好。堅持大抓基層的鮮明導向，抓黨建促鄉村振興，加強城市社區黨建工作，推進以黨建引領基層治理，持續整頓軟弱渙散基層黨組織，把基層黨組織建設成為有效實現黨的領導的堅強戰鬥堡壘。全面提高機關黨建質量，推進事業單位黨建工作。推進國有企業、金融企業在完善公司治理中加強黨的領導，加強混合所有制企業、非公有制企業黨建工作，理順行業協會、學會、商會黨建工作管理體制。加強新經濟組織、新社會組織、新就業群體黨的建設。注重從青年和產業工人、農民、知識分子中發展黨員，加強和改進黨員特別是流動黨員教育管理。落實黨內民主制度，保障黨員權利，激勵黨員發揮先鋒模範作用。嚴肅穩妥處置不合格黨員，保持黨員隊伍先進性和純潔性。 | 5．Enhancing the political and organizational functions of Party organizations
The Party’s advantages and strength lie in its close-knit organizational system. Party organizations at all levels must perform the duties prescribed to them by the Party Constitution, implement the Party’s lines, principles, and policies and the Central Committee’s decisions and plans, and effectively organize and rally people from all walks of life. In strengthening Party organizations, we need to keep a clear focus on the primary level, using Party building initiatives to propel rural revitalization and intensifying Party-building efforts in urban communities. We will guide community-level governance through Party building, keep working to strengthen weak and lax Party organizations at the primary level, and see that primary-level Party organizations play a key role in ensuring the exercise of the Party’s leadership. Party building will be improved across the board in Party and state offices and will be advanced in public institutions. We will make sure that Party leadership in SOEs and financial firms is strengthened in the process of their improvements to corporate governance. Party building will also be stepped up in mixed-ownership and non-public enterprises. The management systems for Party building in trade associations, academic societies, and chambers of commerce will be improved. Party building efforts will also be enhanced in new types of economic and social organizations and among groups in new forms of employment. We will pay particular attention to recruiting young people, industrial workers, farmers, and intellectuals into the Party. Training and management will be improved for Party members, especially those among floating populations. We will implement the systems for intraparty democracy, protect Party members』 rights, and motivate them to become role models. At the same time, we must earnestly and prudently handle Party members who do not measure up to standards so as to preserve our Party membership’s advanced nature and integrity. |
| （六）堅持以嚴的基調強化正風肅紀。黨風問題關係執政黨的生死存亡。弘揚黨的光榮傳統和優良作風，促進黨員幹部特別是領導幹部帶頭深入調查研究，撲下身子干實事、謀實招、求實效。鍥而不捨落實中央八項規定精神，抓住「關鍵少數」以上率下，持續深化糾治「四風」，重點糾治形式主義、官僚主義，堅決破除特權思想和特權行為。把握作風建設地區性、行業性、階段性特點，抓住普遍發生、反覆出現的問題深化整治，推進作風建設常態化長效化。全面加強黨的紀律建設，督促領導幹部特別是高級幹部嚴於律己、嚴負其責、嚴管所轄，對違反黨紀的問題，發現一起堅決查處一起。堅持黨性黨風黨紀一起抓，從思想上固本培元，提高黨性覺悟，增強拒腐防變能力，涵養富貴不能淫、貧賤不能移、威武不能屈的浩然正氣。 | 6. Taking strict steps to improve Party conduct and enforce Party discipline
Good conduct is critical to the survival of a governing party. We must carry forward the proud traditions and venerable conduct of the Party. In doing so, we will encourage Party officials, especially leading officials, to take the lead in conducting in-depth research and studies and to immerse themselves in hard work, take concrete measures, and deliver solid outcomes. We will steadfastly implement the central Party leadership’s eight-point decision on improving conduct and see that leading officials, or the 「key few,」 set an example for those below them. We will continue to tackle pointless formalities, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, with a focus on the first two. We will resolutely root out privilege-seeking mindsets and behavior. In improving Party conduct, we will identify problems specific to certain areas, sectors, and periods of time, go to great lengths to tackle prevalent and recurrent problems, and make consistent and sustained efforts. We must make all-around efforts to tighten Party discipline. We will urge leading officials, especially high-ranking ones, to be strict with themselves, earnestly fulfill their responsibilities, and conduct rigorous management within their jurisdictions. Regarding violations of Party discipline, each and every infraction identified must be strictly investigated and handled. We will work in concert to enhance Party consciousness, improve Party conduct, and tighten Party discipline. This will enable Party members to maintain firm ideals and convictions, enhance their Party consciousness, and bolster their resistance to corruption and moral decline. We will foster within our Party members an inner strength to never be corrupted by wealth or power, never deviate from principle even in poverty or humble positions, and never yield to the threat of force. |
| （七）堅決打贏反腐敗鬥爭攻堅戰持久戰。腐敗是危害黨的生命力和戰鬥力的最大毒瘤，反腐敗是最徹底的自我革命。只要存在腐敗問題產生的土壤和條件，反腐敗鬥爭就一刻不能停，必須永遠吹衝鋒號。堅持不敢腐、不能腐、不想腐一體推進，同時發力、同向發力、綜合發力。以零容忍態度反腐懲惡，更加有力遏制增量，更加有效清除存量，堅決查處政治問題和經濟問題交織的腐敗，堅決防止領導幹部成為利益集團和權勢團體的代言人、代理人，堅決治理政商勾連破壞政治生態和經濟發展環境問題，決不姑息。深化整治權力集中、資金密集、資源富集領域的腐敗，堅決懲治群眾身邊的「蠅貪」，嚴肅查處領導幹部配偶、子女及其配偶等親屬和身邊工作人員利用影響力謀私貪腐問題，堅持受賄行賄一起查，懲治新型腐敗和隱性腐敗。深化反腐敗國際合作，一體構建追逃防逃追贓機制。深化標本兼治，推進反腐敗國家立法，加強新時代廉潔文化建設，教育引導廣大黨員、幹部增強不想腐的自覺，清清白白做人、乾乾淨淨做事，使嚴厲懲治、規範權力、教育引導緊密結合、協調聯動，不斷取得更多制度性成果和更大治理效能。 | 7. Winning the tough and protracted battle against corruption
Corruption is a cancer to the vitality and ability of the Party, and fighting corruption is the most thorough kind of self-reform there is. As long as the breeding grounds and conditions for corruption still exist, we must keep sounding the bugle and never rest, not even for a minute, in our fight against corruption. We will continue to take simultaneous, coordinated, and comprehensive steps to ensure that officials do not have the audacity, opportunity, or desire to become corrupt. We must show zero tolerance in opposing corruption and punishing wrongdoing, and we must take more forceful action to both prevent new cases and root out existing ones. We will investigate and deal with corruption that involves both political and economic elements, resolutely prevent leading officials from acting for any interest group or power group, and crack down on any collusion between officials and businesspeople that undermines the political ecosystem or economic development. There must be no mercy for corruption. We will intensify efforts to uproot corruption in sectors with a high concentration of power, funds, and resources. Firm action will be taken to swat 「flies,」 or corrupt low-ranking officials, whose misconduct directly affects people’s lives. We will strictly investigate and handle cases of corruption where leading officials』 spouses, children, children’s spouses, other relatives, or staff use their influence to seek personal gain. We will punish both bribe takers and givers and combat new and disguised forms of corruption. We will deepen international cooperation to combat corruption and establish an integrated mechanism for pursuing fugitives, preventing escape, and retrieving stolen assets. To address both the symptoms and root causes of corruption, we will advance national anti-corruption legislation and promote a culture of integrity in the new era. We will provide education and guidance aimed at strengthening the vigilance of Party members and officials so that they have no desire to engage in corruption and so they live and work with honesty and integrity. We will closely integrate and coordinate harsh punishment, regulation over the exercise of power, and education and guidance, so as to continually secure more institutional achievements and greater efficiency in fighting corruption. |
| 同志們！時代呼喚着我們，人民期待着我們，唯有矢志不渝、篤行不怠，方能不負時代、不負人民。全黨必須牢記，堅持黨的全面領導是堅持和發展中國特色社會主義的必由之路，中國特色社會主義是實現中華民族偉大復興的必由之路，團結奮鬥是中國人民創造歷史偉業的必由之路，貫徹新發展理念是新時代我國發展壯大的必由之路，全面從嚴治黨是黨永葆生機活力、走好新的趕考之路的必由之路。這是我們在長期實踐中得出的至關緊要的規律性認識，必須倍加珍惜、始終堅持，咬定青山不放鬆，引領和保障中國特色社會主義巍巍巨輪乘風破浪、行穩致遠。 | Comrades,
The times are calling us, and the people expect us to deliver. Only by pressing ahead with unwavering commitment and perseverance will we be able to answer the call of our times and meet the expectations of our people. All of us in the Party must remember: Upholding the Party’s overall leadership is the path we must take to uphold and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics; building socialism with Chinese characteristics is the path we must take to realize the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation; striving in unity is the path the Chinese people must take to create great historic achievements; implementing the new development philosophy is the path China must take to grow stronger in the new era; and exercising full and rigorous self-governance is the path the Party must take to maintain its vigor and pass new tests on the road ahead. We have come to this understanding through many years of practice. It is a conclusion of paramount importance that we must cherish, uphold, and never deviate from. Under its guidance, we will ensure that the great ship of socialism with Chinese characteristics catches the wind, cuts through the waves, and sails steadily into the future. |
| 團結就是力量，團結才能勝利。全面建設社會主義現代化國家，必須充分發揮億萬人民的創造偉力。全黨要堅持全心全意為人民服務的根本宗旨，樹牢群眾觀點，貫徹群眾路線，尊重人民首創精神，堅持一切為了人民、一切依靠人民，從群眾中來、到群眾中去，始終保持同人民群眾的血肉聯繫，始終接受人民批評和監督，始終同人民同呼吸、共命運、心連心，不斷鞏固全國各族人民大團結，加強海內外中華兒女大團結，形成同心共圓中國夢的強大合力。 | Unity is strength, and only in unity can we succeed. To build China into a modern socialist country in all respects, we must unleash the tremendous creativity of the Chinese people in their hundreds of millions. All of us in the Party must stay true to our fundamental purpose of serving the people wholeheartedly, maintain a people-centered mindset, and carry out the mass line. We must respect the pioneering spirit of our people and ensure that we are acting for the people and relying on the people in everything we do. We must follow the principle of 「from the people, to the people,」 maintain a close bond with the people, and accept their criticism and oversight. We must breathe the same air as the people, share the same future, and stay truly connected to them. We must strengthen the great unity of the Chinese people of all ethnic groups and the great unity of all the sons and daughters of the Chinese nation at home and abroad. By doing so, we will create a powerful collective force working with one heart and one mind to realize the Chinese Dream. |
| 青年強，則國家強。當代中國青年生逢其時，施展才幹的舞台無比廣闊，實現夢想的前景無比光明。全黨要把青年工作作為戰略性工作來抓，用黨的科學理論武裝青年，用黨的初心使命感召青年，做青年朋友的知心人、青年工作的熱心人、青年群眾的引路人。廣大青年要堅定不移聽黨話、跟黨走，懷抱夢想又腳踏實地，敢想敢為又善作善成，立志做有理想、敢擔當、能吃苦、肯奮鬥的新時代好青年，讓青春在全面建設社會主義現代化國家的火熱實踐中綻放絢麗之花。 | A nation will prosper only when its young people thrive. China’s young people of today are living in a remarkable time. They have an incomparably broad stage on which to display their full talents, and they have incomparably bright prospects of realizing their dreams.
All of us in the Party should regard our work concerning young people as a matter of strategic significance. We will equip young people with the Party’s theories, inspire them with the Party’s original aspiration and founding mission, and become their confidants, advocates, and guides for the future. Young people: You should steadfastly follow the Party and its guidance, aim high but stay grounded, and dare to think big and take action but make sure you can deliver. You should strive to be the new era’s great young generation, a generation with ideals, a sense of responsibility, grit, and dedication. As you endeavor to build China into a modern socialist country in all respects, your youth and vitality will bloom in full splendor. |
| 同志們！黨用偉大奮鬥創造了百年偉業，也一定能用新的偉大奮鬥創造新的偉業。全黨全軍全國各族人民要緊密團結在黨中央周圍，牢記空談誤國、實幹興邦，堅定信心、同心同德，埋頭苦幹、奮勇前進，為全面建設社會主義現代化國家、全面推進中華民族偉大復興而團結奮鬥！ | Comrades,
The Party has made spectacular achievements through its great endeavors over the past century, and our new endeavors will surely lead to more spectacular achievements. Let the whole Party, the entire military, and the Chinese people of all ethnic groups stay closely rallied around the Party Central Committee. Let us keep in mind that empty talk will do nothing for our country; only solid work will make it flourish. Let us maintain firm confidence, unite as one, and forge ahead with resolve. And let us strive in unity to build a modern socialist country in all respects and advance national rejuvenation on all fronts. |
- ↑ The Five-Sphere Integrated Plan is to promote coordinated economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological advancement. The Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy is to make comprehensive moves to build a modern socialist country, deepen reform, advance law-based governance, and strengthen Party self-governance.
- ↑ The Four Cardinal Principles are keeping to the path of socialism, upholding the people’s democratic dictatorship, upholding the leadership of the Communist Party of China, and upholding Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought.
- ↑ The Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence are mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual nonaggression, noninterference in each other’s internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence.
- ↑ The three distinctions refer to those between errors caused by lack of experience in pilot reforms and deliberate violations of discipline and law; between errors made in conducting experiments that are not explicitly restricted by higher-level authorities and arbitrary violations of discipline and law in the face of higher-level authorities』 explicit prohibition; and between unwitting errors made in pursuing development and violations of discipline and law for personal gains.
19th Party Congress
編輯| 同志們： | Comrades, |
| 現在，我代表第十八屆中央委員會向大會作報告。 | On behalf of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, I will now deliver a report to the 19th National Congress. |
| 中國共產黨第十九次全國代表大會，是在全面建成小康社會決勝階段、中國特色社會主義進入新時代的關鍵時期召開的一次十分重要的大會。 | The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China is a meeting of great importance taking place during the decisive stage in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and at a critical moment as socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era. |
| 大會的主題是：不忘初心，牢記使命，高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，決勝全面建成小康社會，奪取新時代中國特色社會主義偉大勝利，為實現中華民族偉大復興的中國夢不懈奮鬥。 | The theme of the Congress is: Remain true to our original aspiration and keep our mission firmly in mind, hold high the banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics, secure a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, strive for the great success of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era, and work tirelessly to realize the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation. |
| 不忘初心，方得始終。中國共產黨人的初心和使命，就是為中國人民謀幸福，為中華民族謀復興。這個初心和使命是激勵中國共產黨人不斷前進的根本動力。全黨同志一定要永遠與人民同呼吸、共命運、心連心，永遠把人民對美好生活的嚮往作為奮鬥目標，以永不懈怠的精神狀態和一往無前的奮鬥姿態，繼續朝着實現中華民族偉大復興的宏偉目標奮勇前進。 | Never forget why you started, and you can accomplish your mission. The original aspiration and the mission of Chinese Communists is to seek happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation. This original aspiration, this mission, is what inspires Chinese Communists to advance. In our Party, each and every one of us must always breathe the same breath as the people, share the same future, and stay truly connected to them. The aspirations of the people to live a better life must always be the focus of our efforts. We must keep on striving with endless energy toward the great goal of national rejuvenation. |
| 當前，國內外形勢正在發生深刻複雜變化，我國發展仍處於重要戰略機遇期，前景十分光明，挑戰也十分嚴峻。全黨同志一定要登高望遠、居安思危，勇於變革、勇於創新，永不僵化、永不停滯，團結帶領全國各族人民決勝全面建成小康社會，奮力奪取新時代中國特色社會主義偉大勝利。 | Both China and the world are in the midst of profound and complex changes. China is still in an important period of strategic opportunity for development; the prospects are bright but the challenges are severe. All comrades must aim high and look far, be alert to dangers even in times of calm, have the courage to pursue reform and break new ground, and never become hardened to change or inactive. We will unite the Chinese people of all ethnic groups and lead them to a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and in the drive to secure the success of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era. |
| 一、過去五年的工作和歷史性變革 | I. The Past Five Years: Our Work and Historic Change |
| 十八大以來的五年，是黨和國家發展進程中極不平凡的五年。面對世界經濟復甦乏力、局部衝突和動盪頻發、全球性問題加劇的外部環境，面對我國經濟發展進入新常態等一系列深刻變化，我們堅持穩中求進工作總基調，迎難而上，開拓進取，取得了改革開放和社會主義現代化建設的歷史性成就。 | The five years since the 18th National Congress have been a truly remarkable five years in the course of the development of the Party and the country. Outside China, we have been confronted with sluggish global economic recovery, frequent outbreaks of regional conflicts and disturbances, and intensifying global issues. At home, we have encountered profound changes as China has entered a new normal in economic development. We have upheld the underlying principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability, risen to challenges, pioneered and pushed ahead, and made historic achievements in reform, opening up, and socialist modernization. |
| 為貫徹十八大精神，黨中央召開七次全會，分別就政府機構改革和職能轉變、全面深化改革、全面推進依法治國、制定「十三五」規劃、全面從嚴治黨等重大問題作出決定和部署。五年來，我們統籌推進「五位一體」總體布局、協調推進「四個全面」戰略布局，「十二五」規劃勝利完成，「十三五」規劃順利實施，黨和國家事業全面開創新局面。 | To put the guiding principles from our 18th National Congress into action, the Party Central Committee has held seven plenary sessions. There, decisions and plans were made on issues of major importance, from reforming the institutions and transforming the functions of government to deepening reform in all areas, advancing law-based governance, formulating the 13th Five-Year Plan, and seeing governance over the Party is exercised fully and with rigor. In the past five years, we have implemented the five-sphere integrated plan and the four-pronged comprehensive strategy, fulfilled the goals of the 12th Five-Year Plan, and made smooth progress in implementing the 13th Five-Year Plan. On all fronts new advances have been made for the cause of the Party and the country. |
| 經濟建設取得重大成就。堅定不移貫徹新發展理念，堅決端正發展觀念、轉變發展方式，發展質量和效益不斷提升。經濟保持中高速增長，在世界主要國家中名列前茅，國內生產總值從五十四萬億元增長到八十萬億元，穩居世界第二，對世界經濟增長貢獻率超過百分之三十。供給側結構性改革深入推進，經濟結構不斷優化，數字經濟等新興產業蓬勃發展，高鐵、公路、橋梁、港口、機場等基礎設施建設快速推進。農業現代化穩步推進，糧食生產能力達到一萬二千億斤。城鎮化率年均提高一點二個百分點，八千多萬農業轉移人口成為城鎮居民。區域發展協調性增強，「一帶一路」建設、京津冀協同發展、長江經濟帶發展成效顯著。創新驅動發展戰略大力實施，創新型國家建設成果豐碩，天宮、蛟龍、天眼、悟空、墨子、大飛機等重大科技成果相繼問世。南海島礁建設積極推進。開放型經濟新體制逐步健全，對外貿易、對外投資、外匯儲備穩居世界前列。 | We have made major achievements in economic development.
We have remained committed to the new development philosophy, adopted the right approach to development, and endeavored to transform the growth model. The result has been a constant improvement in the quality and effect of development. The economy has maintained a medium-high growth rate, making China a leader among the major economies. With the gross domestic product rising from 54 trillion to 80 trillion yuan, China has maintained its position as the world’s second largest economy and contributed more than 30 percent of global economic growth. Supply-side structural reform has made further headway, bringing a steady improvement in the economic structure. Emerging industries like the digital economy are thriving; the construction of high-speed railways, highways, bridges, ports, airports, and other types of infrastructure has picked up pace. Agricultural modernization has steadily advanced, with annual grain production reaching 600 million metric tons. The level of urbanization has risen by an annual average of 1.2 percentage points, and more than 80 million people who have moved from rural to urban areas have gained permanent urban residency. Regional development has become more balanced; the Belt and Road Initiative, the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and the development of the Yangtze Economic Belt have all made notable progress. Through devoting great energy to implementing the innovation-driven development strategy, we have seen much accomplished toward making China a country of innovators, with major advances made in science and technology, including the successful launch of Tiangong-2 space lab, the commissioning of the deep-sea manned submersible Jiaolong and of the five-hundred-meter aperture spherical telescope (FAST) Tianyan, the launch of the dark matter probe satellite Wukong and the quantum science satellite Mozi, and the test flight of the airliner C919. Construction on islands and reefs in the South China Sea has seen steady progress. The new institutions of the open economy have been steadily improved. China now leads the world in trade, outbound investment, and foreign exchange reserves. |
| 全面深化改革取得重大突破。蹄疾步穩推進全面深化改革，堅決破除各方面體制機制弊端。改革全面發力、多點突破、縱深推進，着力增強改革系統性、整體性、協同性，壓茬拓展改革廣度和深度，推出一千五百多項改革舉措，重要領域和關鍵環節改革取得突破性進展，主要領域改革主體框架基本確立。中國特色社會主義制度更加完善，國家治理體系和治理能力現代化水平明顯提高，全社會發展活力和創新活力明顯增強。 | We have made major breakthroughs in deepening reform.
We have taken comprehensive steps to deepen reform swiftly but steadily, and worked with resolve to remove institutional barriers in all areas. We have taken moves across the board, achieved breakthroughs in many areas, and made further progress in reform. We have pursued reform in a more systematic, holistic, and coordinated way, increasing its coverage and depth. Thanks to the launch of over 1,500 reform measures, breakthroughs have been made in key areas, and general frameworks for reform have been established in major fields. The system of socialism with Chinese characteristics has been further improved, with notable progress made in modernizing China’s system and capacity for governance. Throughout society, development is full of vitality and is driven by greater creativity. |
| 民主法治建設邁出重大步伐。積極發展社會主義民主政治，推進全面依法治國，黨的領導、人民當家作主、依法治國有機統一的制度建設全面加強，黨的領導體制機制不斷完善，社會主義民主不斷發展，黨內民主更加廣泛，社會主義協商民主全面展開，愛國統一戰線鞏固發展，民族宗教工作創新推進。科學立法、嚴格執法、公正司法、全民守法深入推進，法治國家、法治政府、法治社會建設相互促進，中國特色社會主義法治體系日益完善，全社會法治觀念明顯增強。國家監察體制改革試點取得實效，行政體制改革、司法體制改革、權力運行制約和監督體系建設有效實施。 | We have taken major steps in developing democracy and the rule of law.
We have actively developed socialist democracy and advanced law-based governance. We have stepped up institution building across the board to make integrated advances in Party leadership, the running of the country by the people, and law-based governance; and we have continuously improved the institutions and mechanisms by which the Party exercises leadership. Steady progress has been made in enhancing socialist democracy; intraparty democracy has been expanded, and socialist consultative democracy is flourishing. The patriotic united front has been consolidated and developed, and new approaches have been adopted for work related to ethnic and religious affairs. Further progress has been made in ensuring our legislation is sound, law enforcement is strict, the administration of justice is impartial, and the law is observed by everyone. Our efforts to build a country, government, and society based on the rule of law have been mutually reinforcing; the system of distinctively Chinese socialist rule of law has been steadily improved; and public awareness of the rule of law has risen markedly. Good progress has been made in piloting the reform of the national supervision system, and effective measures have been taken to reform the system of government administration and the judicial system, and to develop systems to apply checks and oversight over the exercise of power. |
| 思想文化建設取得重大進展。加強黨對意識形態工作的領導，黨的理論創新全面推進，馬克思主義在意識形態領域的指導地位更加鮮明，中國特色社會主義和中國夢深入人心，社會主義核心價值觀和中華優秀傳統文化廣泛弘揚，群眾性精神文明創建活動紮實開展。公共文化服務水平不斷提高，文藝創作持續繁榮，文化事業和文化產業蓬勃發展，互聯網建設管理運用不斷完善，全民健身和競技體育全面發展。主旋律更加響亮，正能量更加強勁，文化自信得到彰顯，國家文化軟實力和中華文化影響力大幅提升，全黨全社會思想上的團結統一更加鞏固。 | We have made significant advances on the theoretical and cultural fronts.
We have strengthened Party leadership over ideological work and explored new ground in advancing Party related theories. The importance of Marxism as a guiding ideology is better appreciated. Socialism with Chinese characteristics and the Chinese Dream have been embraced by our people. Core socialist values and fine traditional Chinese culture are alive in the people’s hearts. Initiatives to improve public etiquette and ethical standards have proved successful. Public cultural services have been improved; art and literature are thriving, and cultural programs and industries are going strong. The development, administration, and functioning of internet services have been enhanced. Fitness-for-All programs and competitive sports have seen extensive development. Our country’s underlying values hold greater appeal than ever before, and the wave of positive energy felt throughout society is building. We, the Chinese people, have greater confidence in our own culture. China’s cultural soft power and the international influence of Chinese culture have increased significantly. There is greater unity in thinking both within the Party and throughout society. |
| 人民生活不斷改善。深入貫徹以人民為中心的發展思想，一大批惠民舉措落地實施，人民獲得感顯著增強。脫貧攻堅戰取得決定性進展，六千多萬貧困人口穩定脫貧，貧困發生率從百分之十點二下降到百分之四以下。教育事業全面發展，中西部和農村教育明顯加強。就業狀況持續改善，城鎮新增就業年均一千三百萬人以上。城鄉居民收入增速超過經濟增速，中等收入群體持續擴大。覆蓋城鄉居民的社會保障體系基本建立，人民健康和醫療衛生水平大幅提高，保障性住房建設穩步推進。社會治理體系更加完善，社會大局保持穩定，國家安全全面加強。 | We have steadily improved living standards.
Our vision of making development people-centered has been acted on, a whole raft of initiatives to benefit the people has seen implementation, and the people’s sense of fulfillment has grown stronger. Decisive progress has been made in the fight against poverty: more than 60 million people have been lifted out of poverty, and the poverty headcount ratio has dropped from 10.2 percent to less than 4 percent. All-round progress has been made in the development of education, with remarkable advances made in the central and western regions and in rural areas. Employment has registered steady growth, with an average of over 13 million urban jobs created each year. Growth of urban and rural personal incomes has outpaced economic growth, and the middle-income group has been expanding. A social security system covering both urban and rural residents has taken shape; both public health and medical services have improved markedly. Solid progress has been made in building government-subsidized housing projects to ensure basic needs are met. Social governance systems have been improved; law and order has been maintained; and national security has been fully enhanced. |
| 生態文明建設成效顯著。大力度推進生態文明建設，全黨全國貫徹綠色發展理念的自覺性和主動性顯著增強，忽視生態環境保護的狀況明顯改變。生態文明制度體系加快形成，主體功能區制度逐步健全，國家公園體制試點積極推進。全面節約資源有效推進，能源資源消耗強度大幅下降。重大生態保護和修復工程進展順利，森林覆蓋率持續提高。生態環境治理明顯加強，環境狀況得到改善。引導應對氣候變化國際合作，成為全球生態文明建設的重要參與者、貢獻者、引領者。 | We have made notable progress in building an ecological civilization.
We have devoted serious energy to ecological conservation. As a result, the entire Party and the whole country have become more purposeful and active in pursuing green development, and there has been a clear shift away from the tendency to neglect ecological and environmental protection. Efforts to develop a system for building an ecological civilization have been accelerated; the system of functional zoning has been steadily improved; and progress has been made in piloting the national park system. Across-the-board efforts to conserve resources have seen encouraging progress; the intensity of energy and resource consumption has been significantly reduced. Smooth progress has been made in major ecological conservation and restoration projects; and forest coverage has been increased. Ecological and environmental governance has been significantly strengthened, leading to marked improvements in the environment. Taking a driving seat in international cooperation to respond to climate change, China has become an important participant, contributor, and torchbearer in the global endeavor for ecological civilization. |
| 強軍興軍開創新局面。着眼於實現中國夢強軍夢，制定新形勢下軍事戰略方針，全力推進國防和軍隊現代化。召開古田全軍政治工作會議，恢復和發揚我黨我軍光榮傳統和優良作風，人民軍隊政治生態得到有效治理。國防和軍隊改革取得歷史性突破，形成軍委管總、戰區主戰、軍種主建新格局，人民軍隊組織架構和力量體系實現革命性重塑。加強練兵備戰，有效遂行海上維權、反恐維穩、搶險救災、國際維和、亞丁灣護航、人道主義救援等重大任務，武器裝備加快發展，軍事鬥爭準備取得重大進展。人民軍隊在中國特色強軍之路上邁出堅定步伐。 | We have initiated a new stage in strengthening and revitalizing the armed forces.
With a view to realizing the Chinese Dream and the dream of building a powerful military, we have developed a strategy for the military under new circumstances, and have made every effort to modernize national defense and the armed forces. We convened the Gutian military political work meeting to revive and pass on the proud traditions and fine conduct of our Party and our armed forces, and have seen a strong improvement in the political ecosystem of the people’s forces. Historic breakthroughs have been made in reforming national defense and the armed forces: a new military structure has been established with the Central Military Commission exercising overall leadership, the theater commands responsible for military operations, and the services focusing on developing capabilities. This represents a revolutionary restructuring of the organization and the services of the people’s armed forces. We have strengthened military training and war preparedness, and undertaken major missions related to the protection of maritime rights, countering terrorism, maintaining stability, disaster rescue and relief, international peacekeeping, escort services in the Gulf of Aden, and humanitarian assistance. We have stepped up weapons and equipment development, and made major progress in enhancing military preparedness. The people’s armed forces have taken solid strides on the path of building a powerful military with Chinese characteristics. |
| 港澳台工作取得新進展。全面準確貫徹「一國兩制」方針，牢牢掌握憲法和基本法賦予的中央對香港、澳門全面管治權，深化內地和港澳地區交流合作，保持香港、澳門繁榮穩定。堅持一個中國原則和「九二共識」，推動兩岸關係和平發展，加強兩岸經濟文化交流合作，實現兩岸領導人歷史性會晤。妥善應對台灣局勢變化，堅決反對和遏制「台獨」分裂勢力，有力維護台海和平穩定。 | We have made fresh progress in work related to Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan.
We have fully and faithfully implemented the principle of 「one country, two systems,」 and ensured that the central government exercises its overall jurisdiction over Hong Kong and Macao as mandated by China’s Constitution and the basic laws of the two special administrative regions. We have thus boosted exchanges and cooperation between the mainland and the two regions and maintained prosperity and stability in Hong Kong and Macao. We have upheld the one-China principle and the 1992 Consensus, promoted the peaceful development of cross-Straits relations, strengthened cross-Straits economic and cultural exchanges and cooperation, and held a historic meeting between the leaders of the two sides. We have responded as appropriate to the political developments in Taiwan, resolutely opposed and deterred separatist elements advocating 「Taiwan independence,」 and vigorously safeguarded peace and stability in the Taiwan Straits. |
| 全方位外交布局深入展開。全面推進中國特色大國外交，形成全方位、多層次、立體化的外交布局，為我國發展營造了良好外部條件。實施共建「一帶一路」倡議，發起創辦亞洲基礎設施投資銀行，設立絲路基金，舉辦首屆「一帶一路」國際合作高峰論壇、亞太經合組織領導人非正式會議、二十國集團領導人杭州峰會、金磚國家領導人廈門會晤、亞信峰會。倡導構建人類命運共同體，促進全球治理體系變革。我國國際影響力、感召力、塑造力進一步提高，為世界和平與發展作出新的重大貢獻。 | We have made further progress in China’s diplomacy on all fronts.
We have made all-round efforts in the pursuit of major country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics, thus advancing China’s diplomatic agenda in a comprehensive, multilevel, multifaceted way and creating a favorable external environment for China’s development. We have jointly pursued the Belt and Road Initiative, initiated the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, set up the Silk Road Fund, and hosted the First Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation, the 22nd APEC Economic Leaders』 Meeting, the G20 2016 Summit in Hangzhou, the BRICS Summit in Xiamen, and the Fourth Summit of the Conference on Interaction and Confidence Building Measures in Asia. China champions the development of a community with a shared future for mankind, and has encouraged the evolution of the global governance system. With this we have seen a further rise in China’s international influence, ability to inspire, and power to shape; and China has made great new contributions to global peace and development. |
| 全面從嚴治黨成效卓著。全面加強黨的領導和黨的建設，堅決改變管黨治黨寬鬆軟狀況。推動全黨尊崇黨章，增強政治意識、大局意識、核心意識、看齊意識，堅決維護黨中央權威和集中統一領導，嚴明黨的政治紀律和政治規矩，層層落實管黨治黨政治責任。堅持照鏡子、正衣冠、洗洗澡、治治病的要求，開展黨的群眾路線教育實踐活動和「三嚴三實」專題教育，推進「兩學一做」學習教育常態化制度化，全黨理想信念更加堅定、黨性更加堅強。貫徹新時期好幹部標準，選人用人狀況和風氣明顯好轉。黨的建設制度改革深入推進，黨內法規制度體系不斷完善。把紀律挺在前面，着力解決人民群眾反映最強烈、對黨的執政基礎威脅最大的突出問題。出台中央八項規定，嚴厲整治形式主義、官僚主義、享樂主義和奢靡之風，堅決反對特權。巡視利劍作用彰顯，實現中央和省級黨委巡視全覆蓋。堅持反腐敗無禁區、全覆蓋、零容忍，堅定不移「打虎」、「拍蠅」、「獵狐」，不敢腐的目標初步實現，不能腐的籠子越扎越牢，不想腐的堤壩正在構築，反腐敗鬥爭壓倒性態勢已經形成並鞏固發展。 | We have achieved remarkable outcomes in ensuring full and strict governance over the Party.
We have made sweeping efforts to strengthen Party leadership and Party building, and taken strong action to transform lax and weak governance over the Party. We encourage all Party members to hold the Party Constitution in great esteem. We urge them to strengthen their consciousness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment, and to uphold the authority of the Central Committee and its centralized, unified leadership. We have tightened political discipline and rules to ensure that political responsibility for governance over the Party is fulfilled at each level of the Party organization. We have committed to 「examining ourselves in the mirror, tidying our attire, taking a bath, and treating our ailments,」 launched activities to see members command and act on the Party’s mass line, and initiated a campaign for the observance of the Three Stricts and Three Earnests. We have regularized and institutionalized the requirement for all Party members to have a solid understanding of the Party Constitution, Party regulations, and related major policy addresses and to meet Party standards. As a result, the ideals and convictions of all Party members have been strengthened and their sense of Party consciousness has deepened. We have adopted standards fitting for a new era to assess the caliber of officials, and achieved a notable improvement in the way officials are selected and appointed. Further advances have been made in the reform of the institutional framework for Party building, and continuous improvements have been made to the system of Party regulations. We have given top priority to ensuring compliance with Party discipline, and tackled the prominent problems that prompt the strongest public reaction and that threaten to erode the very foundation of the Party’s governance. We adopted the eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct, have taken tough action against the practice of formalities for formalities』 sake, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, and have staunchly opposed privilege seeking. Disciplinary inspections have cut like a blade through corruption and misconduct; they have covered every Party committee in all departments at the central and provincial levels. No place has been out of bounds, no ground left unturned, and no tolerance shown in the fight against corruption. We have taken firm action to」take out tigers,」 「swat flies,」 and 「hunt down foxes.」 The goal of creating a deterrent against corruption has been initially attained; the cage of institutions that prevents corruption has been strengthened; and moral defenses against corruption are in the making. The anti-corruption campaign has built into a crushing tide, and is being consolidated and developed. |
| 五年來的成就是全方位的、開創性的，五年來的變革是深層次的、根本性的。五年來，我們黨以巨大的政治勇氣和強烈的責任擔當，提出一系列新理念新思想新戰略，出台一系列重大方針政策，推出一系列重大舉措，推進一系列重大工作，解決了許多長期想解決而沒有解決的難題，辦成了許多過去想辦而沒有辦成的大事，推動黨和國家事業發生歷史性變革。這些歷史性變革，對黨和國家事業發展具有重大而深遠的影響。 | The achievements of the past five years have touched every area and broken new ground; the changes in China over the past five years have been profound and fundamental. For five years, our Party has demonstrated tremendous political courage and a powerful sense of mission as it has developed new ideas, new thinking, and new strategies, adopted a raft of major principles and policies, launched a host of major initiatives, and pushed ahead with many major tasks. We have solved many tough problems that were long on the agenda but never resolved, and accomplished many things that were wanted but never got done. With this, we have prompted historic shifts in the cause of the Party and the country. These historic changes will have a powerful and far-reaching effect on the development of this cause. |
| 五年來，我們勇於面對黨面臨的重大風險考驗和黨內存在的突出問題，以頑強意志品質正風肅紀、反腐懲惡，消除了黨和國家內部存在的嚴重隱患，黨內政治生活氣象更新，黨內政治生態明顯好轉，黨的創造力、凝聚力、戰鬥力顯著增強，黨的團結統一更加鞏固，黨群關係明顯改善，黨在革命性鍛造中更加堅強，煥發出新的強大生機活力，為黨和國家事業發展提供了堅強政治保證。 | Over the past five years, we have acted with courage to confront major risks and tests facing the Party and to address prominent problems within the Party itself. With firm resolve, we have tightened discipline and improved Party conduct, fought corruption and punished wrongdoing, and removed serious potential dangers in the Party and the country. As a result, both the intraparty political atmosphere and the political ecosystem of the Party have improved markedly. The Party’s ability to innovate, power to unite, and energy to fight have all been significantly strengthened; Party solidarity and unity have been reinforced, and our engagement with the people has been greatly improved. Revolutionary tempering has made our Party stronger and it now radiates with great vitality. With this, efforts to develop the cause of the Party and the country have gained a strong political underpinning. |
| 同時，必須清醒看到，我們的工作還存在許多不足，也面臨不少困難和挑戰。主要是：發展不平衡不充分的一些突出問題尚未解決，發展質量和效益還不高，創新能力不夠強，實體經濟水平有待提高，生態環境保護任重道遠；民生領域還有不少短板，脫貧攻堅任務艱巨，城鄉區域發展和收入分配差距依然較大，群眾在就業、教育、醫療、居住、養老等方面面臨不少難題；社會文明水平尚需提高；社會矛盾和問題交織疊加，全面依法治國任務依然繁重，國家治理體系和治理能力有待加強；意識形態領域鬥爭依然複雜，國家安全面臨新情況；一些改革部署和重大政策措施需要進一步落實；黨的建設方面還存在不少薄弱環節。這些問題，必須着力加以解決。 | But we must be very clear: There are still many inadequacies in our work and many difficulties and challenges to face. The main ones are as follows.
Some acute problems caused by unbalanced and inadequate development await solutions; and the quality and effect of development are not what they should be. China’s ability to innovate needs to be stronger, the real economy awaits improvement, and we have a long way to go in protecting the environment. In work on public wellbeing there are still many areas where we fall short; and poverty alleviation remains a formidable task. There are still large disparities in development between rural and urban areas, between regions, and in income distribution; and our people face many difficulties in employment, education, healthcare, housing, and elderly care. The level of civic-mindedness needs further improvement. Social tensions and problems are intertwined, much remains to be done in seeing the country’s governance is based in law, and China’s system and capacity for governance need to be further strengthened. Ideological struggle is still complicated, and in national security we face new developments. Some reform plans and major policies and measures need to be better implemented. Many dimensions of Party building remain weak. These are all problems that demand our full attention to resolve. |
| 五年來的成就，是黨中央堅強領導的結果，更是全黨全國各族人民共同奮鬥的結果。我代表中共中央，向全國各族人民，向各民主黨派、各人民團體和各界愛國人士，向香港特別行政區同胞、澳門特別行政區同胞和台灣同胞以及廣大僑胞，向關心和支持中國現代化建設的各國朋友，表示衷心的感謝！ | The achievements of the past five years are the result of the strong leadership of the Party Central Committee, and, more importantly, the result of all Party members and all the Chinese people pulling together in their pursuit. On behalf of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, I express our heartfelt thanks to the people of all ethnic groups, to all other political parties, to people’s organizations, and patriotic figures from all sectors of society, to our fellow countrymen and women in the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and in Taiwan, to overseas Chinese, and to all our friends from around the world who have shown understanding and support for China’s modernization. |
| 同志們！改革開放之初，我們黨發出了走自己的路、建設中國特色社會主義的偉大號召。從那時以來，我們黨團結帶領全國各族人民不懈奮鬥，推動我國經濟實力、科技實力、國防實力、綜合國力進入世界前列，推動我國國際地位實現前所未有的提升，黨的面貌、國家的面貌、人民的面貌、軍隊的面貌、中華民族的面貌發生了前所未有的變化，中華民族正以嶄新姿態屹立於世界的東方。 | Comrades,
In the early days of reform and opening up, the Party made a clarion call for us to take a path of our own and build socialism with Chinese characteristics. Since that time, the Party has united and led all the Chinese people in a tireless struggle, propelling China into a leading position in terms of economic and technological strength, defense capabilities, and composite national strength. China’s international standing has risen as never before. Our Party, our country, our people, our forces, and our nation have changed in ways without precedent. The Chinese nation, with an entirely new posture, now stands tall and firm in the East. |
| 經過長期努力，中國特色社會主義進入了新時代，這是我國發展新的歷史方位。 | With decades of hard work, socialism with Chinese characteristics has crossed the threshold into a new era. This is a new historic juncture in China’s development. |
| 中國特色社會主義進入新時代，意味着近代以來久經磨難的中華民族迎來了從站起來、富起來到強起來的偉大飛躍，迎來了實現中華民族偉大復興的光明前景；意味着科學社會主義在二十一世紀的中國煥發出強大生機活力，在世界上高高舉起了中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟；意味着中國特色社會主義道路、理論、制度、文化不斷發展，拓展了發展中國家走向現代化的途徑，給世界上那些既希望加快發展又希望保持自身獨立性的國家和民族提供了全新選擇，為解決人類問題貢獻了中國智慧和中國方案。 | This is what socialism with Chinese characteristics entering a new era means:
The Chinese nation, which since modern times began had endured so much for so long, has achieved a tremendous transformation: it has stood up, grown rich, and is becoming strong; it has come to embrace the brilliant prospects of rejuvenation. It means that scientific socialism is full of vitality in 21st century China, and that the banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics is now flying high and proud for all to see. It means that the path, the theory, the system, and the culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics have kept developing, blazing a new trail for other developing countries to achieve modernization. It offers a new option for other countries and nations who want to speed up their development while preserving their independence; and it offers Chinese wisdom and a Chinese approach to solving the problems facing mankind. |
| 這個新時代，是承前啟後、繼往開來、在新的歷史條件下繼續奪取中國特色社會主義偉大勝利的時代，是決勝全面建成小康社會、進而全面建設社會主義現代化強國的時代，是全國各族人民團結奮鬥、不斷創造美好生活、逐步實現全體人民共同富裕的時代，是全體中華兒女勠力同心、奮力實現中華民族偉大復興中國夢的時代，是我國日益走近世界舞台中央、不斷為人類作出更大貢獻的時代。 | This new era will be an era of building on past successes to further advance our cause, and of continuing in a new historical context to strive for the success of socialism with Chinese characteristics. It will be an era of securing a decisive victory in building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and of moving on to all-out efforts to build a great modern socialist country. It will be an era for the Chinese people of all ethnic groups to work together and work hard to create a better life for themselves and ultimately achieve common prosperity for everyone. It will be an era for all of us, the sons and daughters of the Chinese nation, to strive with one heart to realize the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation. It will be an era that sees China moving closer to center stage and making greater contributions to mankind. |
| 中國特色社會主義進入新時代，我國社會主要矛盾已經轉化為人民日益增長的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的發展之間的矛盾。我國穩定解決了十幾億人的溫飽問題，總體上實現小康，不久將全面建成小康社會，人民美好生活需要日益廣泛，不僅對物質文化生活提出了更高要求，而且在民主、法治、公平、正義、安全、環境等方面的要求日益增長。同時，我國社會生產力水平總體上顯著提高，社會生產能力在很多方面進入世界前列，更加突出的問題是發展不平衡不充分，這已經成為滿足人民日益增長的美好生活需要的主要制約因素。 | As socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, the principal contradiction facing Chinese society has evolved. What we now face is the contradiction between unbalanced and inadequate development and the people’s ever-growing needs for a better life. China has seen the basic needs of over a billion people met, has basically made it possible for people to live decent lives, and will soon bring the building of a moderately prosperous society to a successful completion. The needs to be met for the people to live better lives are increasingly broad. Not only have their material and cultural needs grown; their demands for democracy, rule of law, fairness and justice, security, and a better environment are increasing. At the same time, China’s overall productive forces have significantly improved and in many areas our production capacity leads the world. The more prominent problem is that our development is unbalanced and inadequate. This has become the main constraining factor in meeting the people’s increasing needs for a better life. |
| 必須認識到，我國社會主要矛盾的變化是關係全局的歷史性變化，對黨和國家工作提出了許多新要求。我們要在繼續推動發展的基礎上，着力解決好發展不平衡不充分問題，大力提升發展質量和效益，更好滿足人民在經濟、政治、文化、社會、生態等方面日益增長的需要，更好推動人的全面發展、社會全面進步。 | We must recognize that the evolution of the principal contradiction facing Chinese society represents a historic shift that affects the whole landscape and that creates many new demands for the work of the Party and the country. Building on continued efforts to sustain development, we must devote great energy to addressing development’s imbalances and inadequacies, and push hard to improve the quality and effect of development. With this, we will be better placed to meet the ever-growing economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological needs of our people, and to promote well-rounded human development and all-round social progress. |
| 必須認識到，我國社會主要矛盾的變化，沒有改變我們對我國社會主義所處歷史階段的判斷，我國仍處於並將長期處於社會主義初級階段的基本國情沒有變，我國是世界最大發展中國家的國際地位沒有變。全黨要牢牢把握社會主義初級階段這個基本國情，牢牢立足社會主義初級階段這個最大實際，牢牢堅持黨的基本路線這個黨和國家的生命線、人民的幸福線，領導和團結全國各族人民，以經濟建設為中心，堅持四項基本原則，堅持改革開放，自力更生，艱苦創業，為把我國建設成為富強民主文明和諧美麗的社會主義現代化強國而奮鬥。 | We must recognize that the evolution of the principal contradiction facing Chinese society does not change our assessment of the present stage of socialism in China. The basic dimension of the Chinese context—that our country is still and will long remain in the primary stage of socialism—has not changed. China’s international status as the world’s largest developing country has not changed. The whole Party must be completely clear about this fundamental dimension of our national context, and must base our work on this most important reality—the primary stage of socialism. We must remain fully committed to the Party’s basic line as the source that keeps the Party and the country going and that brings happiness to the people. We must lead and unite the Chinese people of all ethnic groups in fulfilling the central task of economic development. We must uphold the Four Cardinal Principles, continue to reform and open up, be self-reliant, hardworking, and enterprising, and strive to build China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful. |
| 同志們！中國特色社會主義進入新時代，在中華人民共和國發展史上、中華民族發展史上具有重大意義，在世界社會主義發展史上、人類社會發展史上也具有重大意義。全黨要堅定信心、奮發有為，讓中國特色社會主義展現出更加強大的生命力！ | Comrades,
Chinese socialism’s entrance into a new era is, in the history of the development of the People’s Republic of China and the history of the development of the Chinese nation, of tremendous importance. In the history of the development of international socialism and the history of the development of human society, it is of tremendous importance. Our entire Party should develop unshakeable confidence, work hard and work well to see socialism with Chinese characteristics display even stronger vitality. |
| 二、新時代中國共產黨的歷史使命 | II. The New Era: The Historic Mission of the Communist Party of China |
| 一百年前，十月革命一聲炮響，給中國送來了馬克思列寧主義。中國先進分子從馬克思列寧主義的科學真理中看到了解決中國問題的出路。在近代以後中國社會的劇烈運動中，在中國人民反抗封建統治和外來侵略的激烈鬥爭中，在馬克思列寧主義同中國工人運動的結合過程中，一九二一年中國共產黨應運而生。從此，中國人民謀求民族獨立、人民解放和國家富強、人民幸福的鬥爭就有了主心骨，中國人民就從精神上由被動轉為主動。 | A hundred years ago, the salvoes of the October Revolution brought Marxism-Leninism to China. In the scientific truth of Marxism-Leninism, Chinese progressives saw a solution to China’s problems. With the advent of modern times, Chinese society became embroiled in intense upheavals; this was a time of fierce struggle as the Chinese people resisted feudal rule and foreign aggression. It was in the midst of this, in 1921, as Marxism-Leninism was integrated with the Chinese workers』 movement, that the Communist Party of China was born. From that moment on, the Chinese people have had in the Party a backbone for their pursuit of national independence and liberation, of a stronger and more prosperous country, and of their own happiness; and the mindset of the Chinese people has changed, from passivity to taking the initiative. |
| 中華民族有五千多年的文明歷史，創造了燦爛的中華文明，為人類作出了卓越貢獻，成為世界上偉大的民族。鴉片戰爭後，中國陷入內憂外患的黑暗境地，中國人民經歷了戰亂頻仍、山河破碎、民不聊生的深重苦難。為了民族復興，無數仁人志士不屈不撓、前仆後繼，進行了可歌可泣的鬥爭，進行了各式各樣的嘗試，但終究未能改變舊中國的社會性質和中國人民的悲慘命運。 | With a history of more than 5,000 years, our nation created a splendid civilization, made remarkable contributions to mankind, and became one of the world’s great nations. But with the Opium War of 1840, China was plunged into the darkness of domestic turmoil and foreign aggression; its people, ravaged by war, saw their homeland torn apart and lived in poverty and despair. With tenacity and heroism, countless dedicated patriots fought, pressed ahead against the odds, and tried every possible means to seek the nation’s salvation. But despite their efforts, they were powerless to change the nature of society in old China and the plight of the Chinese people. |
| 實現中華民族偉大復興是近代以來中華民族最偉大的夢想。中國共產黨一經成立，就把實現共產主義作為黨的最高理想和最終目標，義無反顧肩負起實現中華民族偉大復興的歷史使命，團結帶領人民進行了艱苦卓絕的鬥爭，譜寫了氣吞山河的壯麗史詩。 | National rejuvenation has been the greatest dream of the Chinese people since modern times began. At its founding, the Communist Party of China made realizing Communism its highest ideal and its ultimate goal, and shouldered the historic mission of national rejuvenation. In pursuing this goal, the Party has united the Chinese people and led them through arduous struggles to epic accomplishments. |
| 我們黨深刻認識到，實現中華民族偉大復興，必須推翻壓在中國人民頭上的帝國主義、封建主義、官僚資本主義三座大山，實現民族獨立、人民解放、國家統一、社會穩定。我們黨團結帶領人民找到了一條以農村包圍城市、武裝奪取政權的正確革命道路，進行了二十八年浴血奮戰，完成了新民主主義革命，一九四九年建立了中華人民共和國，實現了中國從幾千年封建專制政治向人民民主的偉大飛躍。 | Our Party was deeply aware that, to achieve national rejuvenation, it was critical to topple the three mountains of imperialism, feudalism, and bureaucrat-capitalism that were oppressing the Chinese people, and realize China’s independence, the people’s liberation, national reunification, and social stability. Our Party united the people and led them in embarking on the right revolutionary path, using rural areas to encircle the cities and seizing state power with military force. We completed the New Democratic Revolution through 28 years of painful struggle, and founded the People’s Republic of China in 1949, thus marking China’s great transition from a millennia-old feudal autocracy to a people’s democracy. |
| 我們黨深刻認識到，實現中華民族偉大復興，必須建立符合我國實際的先進社會制度。我們黨團結帶領人民完成社會主義革命，確立社會主義基本制度，推進社會主義建設，完成了中華民族有史以來最為廣泛而深刻的社會變革，為當代中國一切發展進步奠定了根本政治前提和制度基礎，實現了中華民族由近代不斷衰落到根本扭轉命運、持續走向繁榮富強的偉大飛躍。 | Our Party was deeply aware that, to achieve national rejuvenation, it was essential to establish an advanced social system that fits China’s reality. It united the people and led them in completing socialist revolution, establishing socialism as China’s basic system, and advancing socialist construction. This completed the broadest and most profound social transformation in the history of the Chinese nation. It created the fundamental political conditions and the institutional foundation for achieving all development and progress in China today. Thus was made a great transition: The Chinese nation reversed its fate from the continuous decline of modern times to steady progress toward prosperity and strength. |
| 我們黨深刻認識到，實現中華民族偉大復興，必須合乎時代潮流、順應人民意願，勇於改革開放，讓黨和人民事業始終充滿奮勇前進的強大動力。我們黨團結帶領人民進行改革開放新的偉大革命，破除阻礙國家和民族發展的一切思想和體制障礙，開闢了中國特色社會主義道路，使中國大踏步趕上時代。 | Our Party was deeply aware that, to achieve national rejuvenation, it was imperative to follow the tide of the times, respond to the wishes of the people, and have the courage to reform and open; and this awareness created a powerful force for advancing the cause of the Party and the people. Our Party united the people and led them in launching the great new revolution of reform and opening up, in removing all ideological and institutional barriers to our country and nation’s development, and in embarking on the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Thus was China able to stride ahead to catch up with the times. |
| 九十六年來，為了實現中華民族偉大復興的歷史使命，無論是弱小還是強大，無論是順境還是逆境，我們黨都初心不改、矢志不渝，團結帶領人民歷經千難萬險，付出巨大犧牲，敢於面對曲折，勇於修正錯誤，攻克了一個又一個看似不可攻克的難關，創造了一個又一個彪炳史冊的人間奇蹟。 | Over the past 96 years, to accomplish the historic mission of national rejuvenation, whether in times of weakness or strength, whether in times of adversity or smooth sailing, our Party has never forgotten its founding mission, nor wavered in its pursuit. It has united the people and led them in conquering countless challenges, making enormous sacrifices, meeting setbacks squarely, and courageously righting wrongs. Thus we have, time and again, overcome the seemingly insurmountable and created miracle upon miracle. |
| 同志們！今天，我們比歷史上任何時期都更接近、更有信心和能力實現中華民族偉大復興的目標。 | Comrades,
Today, we are closer, more confident, and more capable than ever before of making the goal of national rejuvenation a reality. |
| 行百里者半九十。中華民族偉大復興，絕不是輕輕鬆鬆、敲鑼打鼓就能實現的。全黨必須準備付出更為艱巨、更為艱苦的努力。 | As the Chinese saying goes, the last leg of a journey marks the halfway point. Achieving national rejuvenation will be no walk in the park; it will take more than drum beating and gong clanging to get there. Every one of us in the Party must be prepared to work even harder toward this goal. |
| 實現偉大夢想，必須進行偉大鬥爭。社會是在矛盾運動中前進的，有矛盾就會有鬥爭。我們黨要團結帶領人民有效應對重大挑戰、抵禦重大風險、克服重大阻力、解決重大矛盾，必須進行具有許多新的歷史特點的偉大鬥爭，任何貪圖享受、消極懈怠、迴避矛盾的思想和行為都是錯誤的。全黨要更加自覺地堅持黨的領導和我國社會主義制度，堅決反對一切削弱、歪曲、否定黨的領導和我國社會主義制度的言行；更加自覺地維護人民利益，堅決反對一切損害人民利益、脫離群眾的行為；更加自覺地投身改革創新時代潮流，堅決破除一切頑瘴痼疾；更加自覺地維護我國主權、安全、發展利益，堅決反對一切分裂祖國、破壞民族團結和社會和諧穩定的行為；更加自覺地防範各種風險，堅決戰勝一切在政治、經濟、文化、社會等領域和自然界出現的困難和挑戰。全黨要充分認識這場偉大鬥爭的長期性、複雜性、艱巨性，發揚鬥爭精神，提高鬥爭本領，不斷奪取偉大鬥爭新勝利。 | Realizing our great dream demands a great struggle. It is in the movement of contradictions that a society advances; where there is contradiction there is struggle. If our Party is to unite and lead the people to effectively respond to major challenges, withstand major risks, overcome major obstacles, and address major conflicts, it must undertake a great struggle with many new contemporary features. All thinking and behavior in the vein of pleasure seeking, inaction and sloth, and problem avoidance are unacceptable.
Every one of us in the Party must do more to uphold Party leadership and the Chinese socialist system, and resolutely oppose all statements and actions that undermine, distort, or negate them. We must do more to protect our people’s interests, and firmly oppose all moves that damage their interests or put distance between the Party and the people. We must do more to channel our energies toward the contemporary current of reform and innovation, and resolvedly address deep-rooted problems. We must do more to safeguard China’s sovereignty, security, and development interests, and staunchly oppose all attempts to split China or undermine its ethnic unity and social harmony and stability. We must do more to guard against all kinds of risks, and work determinedly to prevail over every political, economic, cultural, social, and natural difficulty and challenge. Every Party member must fully appreciate the long-term, complex, and onerous nature of this great struggle; we must be ready to fight, build our ability, and keep striving to secure new victories in this great struggle. |
| 實現偉大夢想，必須建設偉大工程。這個偉大工程就是我們黨正在深入推進的黨的建設新的偉大工程。歷史已經並將繼續證明，沒有中國共產黨的領導，民族復興必然是空想。我們黨要始終成為時代先鋒、民族脊梁，始終成為馬克思主義執政黨，自身必須始終過硬。全黨要更加自覺地堅定黨性原則，勇於直面問題，敢於刮骨療毒，消除一切損害黨的先進性和純潔性的因素，清除一切侵蝕黨的健康肌體的病毒，不斷增強黨的政治領導力、思想引領力、群眾組織力、社會號召力，確保我們黨永葆旺盛生命力和強大戰鬥力。 | Realizing our great dream demands a great project. This project is the great new project of Party building that is just getting into full swing. As history has shown and will continue to bear witness to, without the leadership of the Communist Party of China, national rejuvenation would be just wishful thinking. To remain the vanguard of the times, the backbone of the nation, and a Marxist governing party, our Party must always hold itself to the highest standards. Every Party member must be more actively involved in enhancing Party consciousness, and demonstrate commitment to Party principles. We must have the courage to face problems squarely, be braced for the pain, act to remove whatever undermines the Party’s purity and advanced nature, and rid ourselves of any virus that erodes the Party’s health. We must keep on strengthening the Party’s ability to lead politically, to guide through theory, to organize the people, and to inspire society, thus ensuring that the Party’s great vitality and strong ability are forever maintained. |
| 實現偉大夢想，必須推進偉大事業。中國特色社會主義是改革開放以來黨的全部理論和實踐的主題，是黨和人民歷盡千辛萬苦、付出巨大代價取得的根本成就。中國特色社會主義道路是實現社會主義現代化、創造人民美好生活的必由之路，中國特色社會主義理論體系是指導黨和人民實現中華民族偉大復興的正確理論，中國特色社會主義制度是當代中國發展進步的根本制度保障，中國特色社會主義文化是激勵全黨全國各族人民奮勇前進的強大精神力量。全黨要更加自覺地增強道路自信、理論自信、制度自信、文化自信，既不走封閉僵化的老路，也不走改旗易幟的邪路，保持政治定力，堅持實幹興邦，始終堅持和發展中國特色社會主義。 | Realizing our great dream demands a great cause. Socialism with Chinese characteristics has been the focus of all of the Party’s theories and practice since reform and opening up began. It is the fundamental achievement of our Party and our people made through countless hardships at enormous cost. The path of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the only path to socialist modernization and a better life for the people. The theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the right theory to guide the Party and people to realize national rejuvenation. The system of socialism with Chinese characteristics provides the fundamental institutional guarantee for progress and development in contemporary China. The culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics is a powerful source of strength that inspires all members of the Party and the people of all ethnic groups in China. Our whole Party must strengthen our confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics. We must neither retrace our steps to the rigidity and isolation of the past, nor take the wrong turn by changing our nature and abandoning our system. We must maintain our political orientation, do the good solid work that sees our country thrive, and continue to uphold and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics. |
| 偉大鬥爭，偉大工程，偉大事業，偉大夢想，緊密聯繫、相互貫通、相互作用，其中起決定性作用的是黨的建設新的偉大工程。推進偉大工程，要結合偉大鬥爭、偉大事業、偉大夢想的實踐來進行，確保黨在世界形勢深刻變化的歷史進程中始終走在時代前列，在應對國內外各種風險和考驗的歷史進程中始終成為全國人民的主心骨，在堅持和發展中國特色社會主義的歷史進程中始終成為堅強領導核心。 | This great struggle, great project, great cause, and great dream are closely connected, flow seamlessly into each other, and are mutually reinforcing. Among them, the great new project of Party building plays the decisive role. All work to advance this project must go hand in hand with that geared toward the struggle, the cause, and the dream. We must see that as history progresses and the world undergoes profound changes, the Party remains always ahead of the times; that as history progresses and we respond to risks and tests at home and abroad, the Party remains always the backbone of the nation; and that as history progresses and we continue to uphold and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics, the Party remains always a powerful leadership core. |
| 同志們！使命呼喚擔當，使命引領未來。我們要不負人民重託、無愧歷史選擇，在新時代中國特色社會主義的偉大實踐中，以黨的堅強領導和頑強奮鬥，激勵全體中華兒女不斷奮進，凝聚起同心共築中國夢的磅礴力量！ | Comrades,
Our mission is a call to action; our mission steers the course to the future. We must live up to the trust the people have placed in us and prove ourselves worthy of history’s choice. In the great endeavors of building socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era, let us get behind the strong leadership of the Party and engage in a tenacious struggle. Let all of us, the sons and daughters of the Chinese nation, come together, keep going, and create a mighty force that enables us to realize the Chinese Dream. |
| 三、新時代中國特色社會主義思想和基本方略 | III. The Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and the Basic Policy |
| 十八大以來，國內外形勢變化和我國各項事業發展都給我們提出了一個重大時代課題，這就是必須從理論和實踐結合上系統回答新時代堅持和發展什麼樣的中國特色社會主義、怎樣堅持和發展中國特色社會主義，包括新時代堅持和發展中國特色社會主義的總目標、總任務、總體布局、戰略布局和發展方向、發展方式、發展動力、戰略步驟、外部條件、政治保證等基本問題，並且要根據新的實踐對經濟、政治、法治、科技、文化、教育、民生、民族、宗教、社會、生態文明、國家安全、國防和軍隊、「一國兩制」和祖國統一、統一戰線、外交、黨的建設等各方面作出理論分析和政策指導，以利於更好堅持和發展中國特色社會主義。 | Since our 18th National Congress, changes both in and outside China, and the progress made in all areas of China’s endeavors, have presented us with a profound question—the question of an era. Our answer must be a systematic combination of theory and practice and must address what kind of socialism with Chinese characteristics the new era requires us to uphold and develop, and how we should go about doing it. This involves fundamental issues like the overarching objectives, tasks, plan, and strategy for upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era; like the direction, model, and driving force of development, and the strategic steps, external conditions, and political guarantees. As well as this, to uphold and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics, we should, based on new practice, undertake theoretical analysis and produce policy guidance on the economy, political affairs, rule of law, science and technology, culture, education, the wellbeing of our people, ethnic and religious affairs, social development, ecological conservation, national security, defense and the armed forces, the principle of 「one country, two systems」 and national reunification, the united front, foreign affairs, and Party building. |
| 圍繞這個重大時代課題，我們黨堅持以馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論、「三個代表」重要思想、科學發展觀為指導，堅持解放思想、實事求是、與時俱進、求真務實，堅持辯證唯物主義和歷史唯物主義，緊密結合新的時代條件和實踐要求，以全新的視野深化對共產黨執政規律、社會主義建設規律、人類社會發展規律的認識，進行艱辛理論探索，取得重大理論創新成果，形成了新時代中國特色社會主義思想。 | In answering this question, our Party has been guided by Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development. It has continued to free our minds, seek truth from facts, move with the times, and apply a realistic and pragmatic approach. In answering this question, our Party has continued to uphold dialectical and historical materialism; has considered carefully the new conditions of the era and the new requirements of practice; and has adopted an entirely new perspective to deepen its understanding of the laws that underlie governance by a Communist party, the development of socialism, and the evolution of human society. It has worked hard to undertake theoretical explorations, and has achieved major theoretical innovations, ultimately giving shape to the Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. |
| 新時代中國特色社會主義思想，明確堅持和發展中國特色社會主義，總任務是實現社會主義現代化和中華民族偉大復興，在全面建成小康社會的基礎上，分兩步走在本世紀中葉建成富強民主文明和諧美麗的社會主義現代化強國；明確新時代我國社會主要矛盾是人民日益增長的美好生活需要和不平衡不充分的發展之間的矛盾，必須堅持以人民為中心的發展思想，不斷促進人的全面發展、全體人民共同富裕；明確中國特色社會主義事業總體布局是「五位一體」、戰略布局是「四個全面」，強調堅定道路自信、理論自信、制度自信、文化自信；明確全面深化改革總目標是完善和發展中國特色社會主義制度、推進國家治理體系和治理能力現代化；明確全面推進依法治國總目標是建設中國特色社會主義法治體系、建設社會主義法治國家；明確黨在新時代的強軍目標是建設一支聽黨指揮、能打勝仗、作風優良的人民軍隊，把人民軍隊建設成為世界一流軍隊；明確中國特色大國外交要推動構建新型國際關係，推動構建人類命運共同體；明確中國特色社會主義最本質的特徵是中國共產黨領導，中國特色社會主義制度的最大優勢是中國共產黨領導，黨是最高政治領導力量，提出新時代黨的建設總要求，突出政治建設在黨的建設中的重要地位。 | The Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era makes the following things clear:
· It makes clear that the overarching goal of upholding and developing socialism with Chinese characteristics is to realize socialist modernization and national rejuvenation, and, that on the basis of finishing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects, a two-step approach should be taken to build China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful by the middle of the century. · It makes clear that the principal contradiction facing Chinese society in the new era is that between unbalanced and inadequate development and the people’s ever-growing needs for a better life. We must therefore continue commitment to our people-centered philosophy of development, and work to promote well-rounded human development and common prosperity for everyone. · It makes clear that the overall plan for building socialism with Chinese characteristics is the five-sphere integrated plan, and the overall strategy is the four-pronged comprehensive strategy. It highlights the importance of fostering stronger confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics. · It makes clear that the overall goal of deepening reform in every field is to improve and develop the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics and modernize China’s system and capacity for governance. · It makes clear that the overall goal of comprehensively advancing law-based governance is to establish a system of socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics and build a country of socialist rule of law. · It makes clear that the Party’s goal of building a strong military in the new era is to build the people’s forces into world-class forces that obey the Party’s command, can fight and win, and maintain excellent conduct. · It makes clear that major country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics aims to foster a new type of international relations and build a community with a shared future for mankind. · It makes clear that the defining feature of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the leadership of the Communist Party of China; the greatest strength of the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the leadership of the Communist Party of China; the Party is the highest force for political leadership. It sets forth the general requirements for Party building in the new era and underlines the importance of political work in Party building. |
| 新時代中國特色社會主義思想，是對馬克思列寧主義、毛澤東思想、鄧小平理論、「三個代表」重要思想、科學發展觀的繼承和發展，是馬克思主義中國化最新成果，是黨和人民實踐經驗和集體智慧的結晶，是中國特色社會主義理論體系的重要組成部分，是全黨全國人民為實現中華民族偉大復興而奮鬥的行動指南，必須長期堅持並不斷發展。 | The Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era builds on and further enriches Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development. It represents the latest achievement in adapting Marxism to the Chinese context and encapsulates the practical experience and collective wisdom of our Party and the people. It is an important component of the theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and a guide to action for all our members and all the Chinese people as we strive to achieve national rejuvenation. This Thought must be adhered to and steadily developed on a long-term basis. |
| 全黨要深刻領會新時代中國特色社會主義思想的精神實質和豐富內涵，在各項工作中全面準確貫徹落實。 | Everyone in the Party should develop a good grasp of the essence and rich implications of the Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and fully and faithfully apply it in all our work. |
| （一）堅持黨對一切工作的領導。黨政軍民學，東西南北中，黨是領導一切的。必須增強政治意識、大局意識、核心意識、看齊意識，自覺維護黨中央權威和集中統一領導，自覺在思想上政治上行動上同黨中央保持高度一致，完善堅持黨的領導的體制機制，堅持穩中求進工作總基調，統籌推進「五位一體」總體布局，協調推進「四個全面」戰略布局，提高黨把方向、謀大局、定政策、促改革的能力和定力，確保黨始終總攬全局、協調各方。 | 1. Ensuring Party leadership over all work
The Party exercises overall leadership over all areas of endeavor in every part of the country. We must strengthen our consciousness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment. We must work harder to uphold the authority and centralized, unified leadership of the Central Committee, and closely follow the Central Committee in terms of our thinking, political orientation, and actions. We must improve the institutions and mechanisms for upholding Party leadership, remain committed to the underlying principle of pursuing progress while ensuring stability, and ensure coordinated implementation of the five-sphere integrated plan and the four-pronged comprehensive strategy. We must strengthen the Party’s ability and resolve to chart our course, craft overall plans, design policy, and promote reform; and we must ensure the Party always provides overall leadership and coordinates the efforts of all involved. |
| （二）堅持以人民為中心。人民是歷史的創造者，是決定黨和國家前途命運的根本力量。必須堅持人民主體地位，堅持立黨為公、執政為民，踐行全心全意為人民服務的根本宗旨，把黨的群眾路線貫徹到治國理政全部活動之中，把人民對美好生活的嚮往作為奮鬥目標，依靠人民創造歷史偉業。 | 2. Committing to a people-centered approach
The people are the creators of history; they are the fundamental force that determines our Party and country’s future. We must ensure the principal status of the people, and adhere to the Party’s commitment to serving the public good and exercising power in the interests of the people. We must observe the Party’s fundamental purpose of wholeheartedly serving the people, and put into practice the Party’s mass line in all aspects of governance. We must regard as our goal the people’s aspirations to live a better life, and rely on the people to move history forward. |
| （三）堅持全面深化改革。只有社會主義才能救中國，只有改革開放才能發展中國、發展社會主義、發展馬克思主義。必須堅持和完善中國特色社會主義制度，不斷推進國家治理體系和治理能力現代化，堅決破除一切不合時宜的思想觀念和體制機制弊端，突破利益固化的藩籬，吸收人類文明有益成果，構建系統完備、科學規範、運行有效的制度體系，充分發揮我國社會主義制度優越性。 | 3. Continuing to comprehensively deepen reform
Only with socialism can we save China; only with reform and opening can we develop China, develop socialism, and develop Marxism. We must uphold and improve the system of socialism with Chinese characteristics and continue to modernize China’s system and capacity for governance. We must have the determination to get rid of all outdated thinking and ideas and all institutional ailments, and to break through the blockades of vested interests. We should draw on the achievements of other civilizations, develop a set of institutions that are well conceived, fully built, procedure based, and efficiently functioning, and do full justice to the strengths of China’s socialist system. |
| （四）堅持新發展理念。發展是解決我國一切問題的基礎和關鍵，發展必須是科學發展，必須堅定不移貫徹創新、協調、綠色、開放、共享的發展理念。必須堅持和完善我國社會主義基本經濟制度和分配製度，毫不動搖鞏固和發展公有制經濟，毫不動搖鼓勵、支持、引導非公有制經濟發展，使市場在資源配置中起決定性作用，更好發揮政府作用，推動新型工業化、信息化、城鎮化、農業現代化同步發展，主動參與和推動經濟全球化進程，發展更高層次的開放型經濟，不斷壯大我國經濟實力和綜合國力。 | 4. Adopting a new vision for development
Development is the underpinning and the key for solving all our country’s problems; our development must be sound development. We must pursue with firmness of purpose the vision of innovative, coordinated, green, and open development that is for everyone. We must uphold and improve China’s basic socialist economic system and socialist distribution system. There must be no irresolution about working to consolidate and develop the public sector; and there must be no irresolution about working to encourage, support, and guide the development of the non-public sector. We must see that the market plays the decisive role in resource allocation, the government plays its role better, and new industrialization, IT application, urbanization, and agricultural modernization go hand in hand. We must actively participate in and promote economic globalization, develop an open economy of higher standards, and continue to increase China’s economic power and composite strength. |
| （五）堅持人民當家作主。堅持黨的領導、人民當家作主、依法治國有機統一是社會主義政治發展的必然要求。必須堅持中國特色社會主義政治發展道路，堅持和完善人民代表大會制度、中國共產黨領導的多黨合作和政治協商制度、民族區域自治制度、基層群眾自治制度，鞏固和發展最廣泛的愛國統一戰線，發展社會主義協商民主，健全民主制度，豐富民主形式，拓寬民主渠道，保證人民當家作主落實到國家政治生活和社會生活之中。 | 5. Seeing that the people run the country
Commitment to the organic unity of Party leadership, the running of the country by the people, and law-based governance is a natural element of socialist political advancement. We must keep to the path of socialist political advancement with Chinese characteristics; uphold and improve the system of people’s congresses, the system of Party-led multiparty cooperation and political consultation, the system of regional ethnic autonomy, and the system of community-level self-governance; and consolidate and develop the broadest possible patriotic united front. We should develop socialist consultative democracy, improve our democratic institutions, diversify our forms of democracy, and establish more democratic channels. We must see to it that the principle of the people running the country is put into practice in China’s political and social activities. |
| （六）堅持全面依法治國。全面依法治國是中國特色社會主義的本質要求和重要保障。必須把黨的領導貫徹落實到依法治國全過程和各方面，堅定不移走中國特色社會主義法治道路，完善以憲法為核心的中國特色社會主義法律體系，建設中國特色社會主義法治體系，建設社會主義法治國家，發展中國特色社會主義法治理論，堅持依法治國、依法執政、依法行政共同推進，堅持法治國家、法治政府、法治社會一體建設，堅持依法治國和以德治國相結合，依法治國和依規治黨有機統一，深化司法體制改革，提高全民族法治素養和道德素質。 | 6. Ensuring every dimension of governance is law-based
Law-based governance is an essential requirement and important guarantee for socialism with Chinese characteristics. We must exercise Party leadership at every point in the process and over every dimension of law-based governance, and be fully committed to promoting socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics. We must improve the Chinese socialist system of laws, at the heart of which is the Constitution; establish a Chinese system of socialist rule of law; build a socialist country based on the rule of law; and develop Chinese socialist rule of law theory. We must pursue coordinated progress in law-based governance, law-based exercise of state power, and law-based government administration, and promote the integrated development of rule of law for the country, the government, and society. We must continue to promote a combination of rule of law and rule of virtue, and combine law-based governance of the country and rule-based governance over the Party. We must further the reform of the judicial system, and strengthen rule of law awareness among all our people while also enhancing their moral integrity. |
| （七）堅持社會主義核心價值體系。文化自信是一個國家、一個民族發展中更基本、更深沉、更持久的力量。必須堅持馬克思主義，牢固樹立共產主義遠大理想和中國特色社會主義共同理想，培育和踐行社會主義核心價值觀，不斷增強意識形態領域主導權和話語權，推動中華優秀傳統文化創造性轉化、創新性發展，繼承革命文化，發展社會主義先進文化，不忘本來、吸收外來、面向未來，更好構築中國精神、中國價值、中國力量，為人民提供精神指引。 | 7. Upholding core socialist values
Cultural confidence represents a fundamental and profound force that sustains the development of a country and a nation. We must uphold Marxism, firm up and further build the ideal of Communism and a shared ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and nurture and practice core socialist values, while making continued and greater efforts to maintain the initiative and ensure we have our say in the realm of ideology. We must promote the creative evolution and development of fine traditional Chinese culture, see our revolutionary culture remains alive and strong, and develop an advanced socialist culture. We should cherish our cultural roots, draw on other cultures, and be forward-thinking. We should do more to foster a Chinese spirit, Chinese values, and Chinese strength to provide a source of cultural and moral guidance for our people. |
| （八）堅持在發展中保障和改善民生。增進民生福祉是發展的根本目的。必須多謀民生之利、多解民生之憂，在發展中補齊民生短板、促進社會公平正義，在幼有所育、學有所教、勞有所得、病有所醫、老有所養、住有所居、弱有所扶上不斷取得新進展，深入開展脫貧攻堅，保證全體人民在共建共享發展中有更多獲得感，不斷促進人的全面發展、全體人民共同富裕。建設平安中國，加強和創新社會治理，維護社會和諧穩定，確保國家長治久安、人民安居樂業。 | 8. Ensuring and improving living standards through development
The wellbeing of the people is the fundamental goal of development. We must do more to improve the lives and address the concerns of the people, and use development to strengthen areas of weakness and promote social fairness and justice. We should make steady progress in ensuring people’s access to childcare, education, employment, medical services, elderly care, housing, and social assistance. We will intensify poverty alleviation, see that all our people have a greater sense of fulfillment as they contribute to and gain from development, and continue to promote well-rounded human development and common prosperity for everyone. We will continue the Peaceful China initiative, strengthen and develop new forms of social governance, and ensure social harmony and stability. We must work hard to see that our country enjoys enduring peace and stability and our people live and work in contentment. |
| （九）堅持人與自然和諧共生。建設生態文明是中華民族永續發展的千年大計。必須樹立和踐行綠水青山就是金山銀山的理念，堅持節約資源和保護環境的基本國策，像對待生命一樣對待生態環境，統籌山水林田湖草系統治理，實行最嚴格的生態環境保護制度，形成綠色發展方式和生活方式，堅定走生產發展、生活富裕、生態良好的文明發展道路，建設美麗中國，為人民創造良好生產生活環境，為全球生態安全作出貢獻。 | 9. Ensuring harmony between human and nature
Building an ecological civilization is vital to sustain the Chinese nation’s development. We must realize that lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets and act on this understanding, implement our fundamental national policy of conserving resources and protecting the environment, and cherish the environment as we cherish our own lives. We will adopt a holistic approach to conserving our mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes, and grasslands, implement the strictest possible systems for environmental protection, and develop eco-friendly growth models and ways of life. We must pursue a model of sustainable development featuring increased production, higher living standards, and healthy ecosystems. We must continue the Beautiful China initiative to create good working and living environments for our people and play our part in ensuring global ecological security. |
| （十）堅持總體國家安全觀。統籌發展和安全，增強憂患意識，做到居安思危，是我們黨治國理政的一個重大原則。必須堅持國家利益至上，以人民安全為宗旨，以政治安全為根本，統籌外部安全和內部安全、國土安全和國民安全、傳統安全和非傳統安全、自身安全和共同安全，完善國家安全制度體系，加強國家安全能力建設，堅決維護國家主權、安全、發展利益。 | 10. Pursuing a holistic approach to national security
We should ensure both development and security and be ever ready to protect against potential dangers in time of peace. This is a major principle underlying the Party’s governance. We must put national interests first, take protecting our people’s security as our mission and safeguarding political security as a fundamental task, and ensure both internal and external security, homeland and public security, traditional and non-traditional security, and China’s own and common security. We will improve our systems and institutions and enhance capacity-building for national security, and resolutely safeguard China’s sovereignty, security, and development interests. |
| （十一）堅持黨對人民軍隊的絕對領導。建設一支聽黨指揮、能打勝仗、作風優良的人民軍隊，是實現「兩個一百年」奮鬥目標、實現中華民族偉大復興的戰略支撐。必須全面貫徹黨領導人民軍隊的一系列根本原則和制度，確立新時代黨的強軍思想在國防和軍隊建設中的指導地位，堅持政治建軍、改革強軍、科技興軍、依法治軍，更加注重聚焦實戰，更加注重創新驅動，更加注重體系建設，更加注重集約高效，更加注重軍民融合，實現黨在新時代的強軍目標。 | 11. Upholding absolute Party leadership over the people’s armed forces
Building people’s forces that obey the Party’s command, can fight and win, and maintain excellent conduct is strategically important to achieving the two centenary goals and national rejuvenation. To realize the Party’s goal of building a powerful military in the new era, we must fully implement the fundamental principles and systems of Party leadership over the military, and see that Party strategy on strengthening military capabilities for the new era guides work to build national defense and the armed forces. We must continue to enhance the political loyalty of the armed forces, strengthen them through reform and technology, and run them in accordance with law. We must place greater focus on combat, encourage innovation, build systems, increase efficacy and efficiency, and further military-civilian integration. |
| （十二）堅持「一國兩制」和推進祖國統一。保持香港、澳門長期繁榮穩定，實現祖國完全統一，是實現中華民族偉大復興的必然要求。必須把維護中央對香港、澳門特別行政區全面管治權和保障特別行政區高度自治權有機結合起來，確保「一國兩制」方針不會變、不動搖，確保「一國兩制」實踐不變形、不走樣。必須堅持一個中國原則，堅持「九二共識」，推動兩岸關係和平發展，深化兩岸經濟合作和文化往來，推動兩岸同胞共同反對一切分裂國家的活動，共同為實現中華民族偉大復興而奮鬥。 | 12. Upholding the principle of 「one country, two systems」 and promoting national reunification
Maintaining lasting prosperity and stability in Hong Kong and Macao and achieving China’s full reunification are essential to realizing national rejuvenation. We must ensure both the central government’s overall jurisdiction over the Hong Kong and Macao special administrative regions and a high degree of autonomy in the two regions. We should ensure that the principle of 「one country, two systems」 remains unchanged, is unwaveringly upheld, and in practice is not bent or distorted. We must uphold the one-China principle and the 1992 Consensus, promote the peaceful development of cross-Straits relations, deepen economic cooperation and cultural exchange between the two sides of the Straits, and encourage fellow Chinese on both sides to oppose all separatist activities and work together to realize Chinese national rejuvenation. |
| （十三）堅持推動構建人類命運共同體。中國人民的夢想同各國人民的夢想息息相通，實現中國夢離不開和平的國際環境和穩定的國際秩序。必須統籌國內國際兩個大局，始終不渝走和平發展道路、奉行互利共贏的開放戰略，堅持正確義利觀，樹立共同、綜合、合作、可持續的新安全觀，謀求開放創新、包容互惠的發展前景，促進和而不同、兼收並蓄的文明交流，構築尊崇自然、綠色發展的生態體系，始終做世界和平的建設者、全球發展的貢獻者、國際秩序的維護者。 | 13. Promoting the building of a community with a shared future for mankind
The dream of the Chinese people is closely connected with the dreams of the peoples of other countries; the Chinese Dream can be realized only in a peaceful international environment and under a stable international order. We must keep in mind both our internal and international imperatives, stay on the path of peaceful development, and continue to pursue a mutually beneficial strategy of opening up. We will uphold justice while pursuing shared interests, and will foster new thinking on common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security. We will pursue open, innovative, and inclusive development that benefits everyone; boost cross-cultural exchanges characterized by harmony within diversity, inclusiveness, and mutual learning; and cultivate ecosystems based on respect for nature and green development. China will continue its efforts to safeguard world peace, contribute to global development, and uphold international order. |
| （十四）堅持全面從嚴治黨。勇於自我革命，從嚴管黨治黨，是我們黨最鮮明的品格。必須以黨章為根本遵循，把黨的政治建設擺在首位，思想建黨和制度治黨同向發力，統籌推進黨的各項建設，抓住「關鍵少數」，堅持「三嚴三實」，堅持民主集中制，嚴肅黨內政治生活，嚴明黨的紀律，強化黨內監督，發展積極健康的黨內政治文化，全面淨化黨內政治生態，堅決糾正各種不正之風，以零容忍態度懲治腐敗，不斷增強黨自我淨化、自我完善、自我革新、自我提高的能力，始終保持黨同人民群眾的血肉聯繫。 | 14. Exercising full and rigorous governance over the Party
To have the courage to carry out self-reform and conduct strict self-governance: this is the most distinctive part of our Party’s character. We must uphold the Party Constitution as our fundamental rules, give top priority to the political work of the Party, combine efforts on ideological work and institution building, and strengthen Party competence in all respects. We must focus on oversight over the 「key few,」 by which we mean leading officials, and see that the principle of Three Stricts and Three Earnests are observed. We must uphold democratic centralism, ensure that intraparty political activities are carried out in earnest, impose strict Party discipline, and strengthen internal oversight. We must develop a positive and healthy political culture in the Party and improve the Party’s political ecosystem, resolutely correct misconduct in all its forms, and show zero tolerance for corruption. We will continue to strengthen the Party’s ability to purify, improve, and reform itself, and forever maintain its close ties with the people. |
| 以上十四條，構成新時代堅持和發展中國特色社會主義的基本方略。全黨同志必須全面貫徹黨的基本理論、基本路線、基本方略，更好引領黨和人民事業發展。 | The above 14 points form the basic policy that underpins our endeavors to uphold and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. All our members must fully implement the Party’s basic theory, line, and policy so as to better steer the development of the Party and people’s cause. |
| 實踐沒有止境，理論創新也沒有止境。世界每時每刻都在發生變化，中國也每時每刻都在發生變化，我們必須在理論上跟上時代，不斷認識規律，不斷推進理論創新、實踐創新、制度創新、文化創新以及其他各方面創新。 | Just as there are no bounds to practice, there is no end to theoretical exploration. The world is changing with every second, every moment; and China, too, is changing with every second, every moment. We must ensure our theory evolves with the times, deepen our appreciation of objective laws, and advance our theoretical, practical, institutional, cultural, and other explorations. |
| 同志們！時代是思想之母，實踐是理論之源。只要我們善於聆聽時代聲音，勇于堅持真理、修正錯誤，二十一世紀中國的馬克思主義一定能夠展現出更強大、更有說服力的真理力量！ | Comrades,
The era is the mother of thought; practice is the fount of theory. If we respond to the call of our times and have the courage to uphold truth and correct errors, the Marxism of 21st century China will, without a doubt, emanate more mighty, more compelling power of truth. |
| 四、決勝全面建成小康社會，開啟全面建設社會主義現代化國家新征程 | IV. Securing a Decisive Victory in Building a Moderately Prosperous Society in All Respects and Embarking on a Journey to Fully Build a Modern Socialist China |
| 改革開放之後，我們黨對我國社會主義現代化建設作出戰略安排，提出「三步走」戰略目標。解決人民溫飽問題、人民生活總體上達到小康水平這兩個目標已提前實現。在這個基礎上，我們黨提出，到建黨一百年時建成經濟更加發展、民主更加健全、科教更加進步、文化更加繁榮、社會更加和諧、人民生活更加殷實的小康社會，然後再奮鬥三十年，到新中國成立一百年時，基本實現現代化，把我國建成社會主義現代化國家。 | After adopting the policy of reform and opening up, our Party laid out three strategic goals for achieving socialist modernization in China. The first two—ensuring that people’s basic needs are met and that their lives are generally decent—have been accomplished ahead of time. Building on this, our Party then developed the vision that by the time we celebrate our centenary, we will have developed our society into a moderately prosperous one with a stronger economy, greater democracy, more advanced science and education, thriving culture, greater social harmony, and a better quality of life. After this, with another 30 years of work, and by the time we celebrate the centenary of the People’s Republic of China, we will have basically achieved modernization and turned China into a modern socialist country. |
| 從現在到二○二○年，是全面建成小康社會決勝期。要按照十六大、十七大、十八大提出的全面建成小康社會各項要求，緊扣我國社會主要矛盾變化，統籌推進經濟建設、政治建設、文化建設、社會建設、生態文明建設，堅定實施科教興國戰略、人才強國戰略、創新驅動發展戰略、鄉村振興戰略、區域協調發展戰略、可持續發展戰略、軍民融合發展戰略，突出抓重點、補短板、強弱項，特別是要堅決打好防範化解重大風險、精準脫貧、污染防治的攻堅戰，使全面建成小康社會得到人民認可、經得起歷史檢驗。 | The period between now and 2020 will be decisive in finishing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects. We must follow the requirements on building this society set out at our 16th, 17th, and 18th National Congresses, act in response to the evolution of the principal contradiction in Chinese society, and promote coordinated economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological advancement. We must show firm resolve in implementing the strategy for invigorating China through science and education, the strategy on developing a quality workforce, the innovation-driven development strategy, the rural vitalization strategy, the coordinated regional development strategy, the sustainable development strategy, and the military-civilian integration strategy. We must focus on priorities, address inadequacies, and shore up points of weakness. In this regard, I want to stress that we must take tough steps to forestall and defuse major risks, carry out targeted poverty alleviation, and prevent and control pollution, so that the moderately prosperous society we build earns the people’s approval and stands the test of time. |
| 從十九大到二十大，是「兩個一百年」奮鬥目標的歷史交匯期。我們既要全面建成小康社會、實現第一個百年奮鬥目標，又要乘勢而上開啟全面建設社會主義現代化國家新征程，向第二個百年奮鬥目標進軍。 | The period between the 19th and the 20th National Congress is the period in which the timeframes of the two centenary goals converge. In this period, not only must we finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and achieve the first centenary goal; we must also build on this achievement to embark on a new journey toward the second centenary goal of fully building a modern socialist country. |
| 綜合分析國際國內形勢和我國發展條件，從二○二○年到本世紀中葉可以分兩個階段來安排。 | Based on a comprehensive analysis of the international and domestic environments and the conditions for China’s development, we have drawn up a two-stage development plan for the period from 2020 to the middle of this century. |
| 第一個階段，從二○二○年到二○三五年，在全面建成小康社會的基礎上，再奮鬥十五年，基本實現社會主義現代化。到那時，我國經濟實力、科技實力將大幅躍升，躋身創新型國家前列；人民平等參與、平等發展權利得到充分保障，法治國家、法治政府、法治社會基本建成，各方面制度更加完善，國家治理體系和治理能力現代化基本實現；社會文明程度達到新的高度，國家文化軟實力顯著增強，中華文化影響更加廣泛深入；人民生活更為寬裕，中等收入群體比例明顯提高，城鄉區域發展差距和居民生活水平差距顯著縮小，基本公共服務均等化基本實現，全體人民共同富裕邁出堅實步伐；現代社會治理格局基本形成，社會充滿活力又和諧有序；生態環境根本好轉，美麗中國目標基本實現。 | In the first stage from 2020 to 2035, we will build on the foundation created by the moderately prosperous society with a further 15 years of hard work to see that socialist modernization is basically realized. The vision is that by the end of this stage, the following goals will have been met:
· China’s economic and technological strength has increased significantly. China has become a global leader in innovation. · The rights of the people to participate and to develop as equals are adequately protected. The rule of law for the country, the government, and society is basically in place. Institutions in all fields are further improved; the modernization of China’s system and capacity for governance is basically achieved. · Social etiquette and civility are significantly enhanced. China’s cultural soft power has grown much stronger; Chinese culture has greater appeal. · People are leading more comfortable lives, and the size of the middle-income group has grown considerably. Disparities in urban-rural development, in development between regions, and in living standards are significantly reduced; equitable access to basic public services is basically ensured; and solid progress has been made toward prosperity for everyone. · A modern social governance system has basically taken shape, and society is full of vitality, harmonious, and orderly. · There is a fundamental improvement in the environment; the goal of building a Beautiful China is basically attained. |
| 第二個階段，從二○三五年到本世紀中葉，在基本實現現代化的基礎上，再奮鬥十五年，把我國建成富強民主文明和諧美麗的社會主義現代化強國。到那時，我國物質文明、政治文明、精神文明、社會文明、生態文明將全面提升，實現國家治理體系和治理能力現代化，成為綜合國力和國際影響力領先的國家，全體人民共同富裕基本實現，我國人民將享有更加幸福安康的生活，中華民族將以更加昂揚的姿態屹立於世界民族之林。 | In the second stage from 2035 to the middle of the 21st century, we will, building on having basically achieved modernization, work hard for a further 15 years and develop China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious, and beautiful. By the end of this stage, the following goals will have been met:
· New heights are reached in every dimension of material, political, cultural and ethical, social, and ecological advancement. · Modernization of China’s system and capacity for governance is achieved. · China has become a global leader in terms of composite national strength and international influence. · Common prosperity for everyone is basically achieved. · The Chinese people enjoy happier, safer, and healthier lives. The Chinese nation will become a proud and active member of the community of nations. |
| 同志們！從全面建成小康社會到基本實現現代化，再到全面建成社會主義現代化強國，是新時代中國特色社會主義發展的戰略安排。我們要堅忍不拔、鍥而不捨，奮力譜寫社會主義現代化新征程的壯麗篇章！ | Comrades,
This is our strategic vision for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era: Finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, move on to basically realizing modernization, and then turn to making China a great modern socialist country in every dimension. We must work with resolve and tenacity and strive to write a brilliant chapter on our new journey to socialist modernization. |
| 五、貫徹新發展理念，建設現代化經濟體系 | V. Applying a New Vision of Development and Developing a Modernized Economy |
| 實現「兩個一百年」奮鬥目標、實現中華民族偉大復興的中國夢，不斷提高人民生活水平，必須堅定不移把發展作為黨執政興國的第一要務，堅持解放和發展社會生產力，堅持社會主義市場經濟改革方向，推動經濟持續健康發展。 | To deliver on the two centenary goals, realize the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation, and steadily improve our people’s lives, we must continue to pursue development as the Party’s top priority in governance; we must unleash and develop productive forces, continue reforms to develop the socialist market economy, and promote sustained and sound economic growth. |
| 我國經濟已由高速增長階段轉向高質量發展階段，正處在轉變發展方式、優化經濟結構、轉換增長動力的攻關期，建設現代化經濟體系是跨越關口的迫切要求和我國發展的戰略目標。必須堅持質量第一、效益優先，以供給側結構性改革為主線，推動經濟發展質量變革、效率變革、動力變革，提高全要素生產率，着力加快建設實體經濟、科技創新、現代金融、人力資源協同發展的產業體系，着力構建市場機制有效、微觀主體有活力、宏觀調控有度的經濟體制，不斷增強我國經濟創新力和競爭力。 | China’s economy has been transitioning from a phase of rapid growth to a stage of high-quality development. This is a pivotal stage for transforming our growth model, improving our economic structure, and fostering new drivers of growth. It is imperative that we develop a modernized economy. This is both an urgent requirement for getting us smoothly through this critical transition and a strategic goal for China’s development. We must put quality first and give priority to performance. We should pursue supply-side structural reform as our main task, and work hard for better quality, higher efficiency, and more robust drivers of economic growth through reform. We need to raise total factor productivity and accelerate the building of an industrial system that promotes coordinated development of the real economy with technological innovation, modern finance, and human resources. We should endeavor to develop an economy with more effective market mechanisms, dynamic micro-entities, and sound macro-regulation. This will steadily strengthen the innovation capacity and competitiveness of China’s economy. |
| （一）深化供給側結構性改革。建設現代化經濟體系，必須把發展經濟的着力點放在實體經濟上，把提高供給體系質量作為主攻方向，顯著增強我國經濟質量優勢。加快建設製造強國，加快發展先進製造業，推動互聯網、大數據、人工智能和實體經濟深度融合，在中高端消費、創新引領、綠色低碳、共享經濟、現代供應鏈、人力資本服務等領域培育新增長點、形成新動能。支持傳統產業優化升級，加快發展現代服務業，瞄準國際標準提高水平。促進我國產業邁向全球價值鏈中高端，培育若干世界級先進製造業集群。加強水利、鐵路、公路、水運、航空、管道、電網、信息、物流等基礎設施網絡建設。堅持去產能、去庫存、去槓桿、降成本、補短板，優化存量資源配置，擴大優質增量供給，實現供需動態平衡。激發和保護企業家精神，鼓勵更多社會主體投身創新創業。建設知識型、技能型、創新型勞動者大軍，弘揚勞模精神和工匠精神，營造勞動光榮的社會風尚和精益求精的敬業風氣。 | 1. Furthering supply-side structural reform
In developing a modernized economy, we must focus on the real economy, give priority to improving the quality of the supply system, and enhance our economy’s strength in terms of quality. We will work faster to build China into a manufacturer of quality and develop advanced manufacturing, promote further integration of the internet, big data, and artificial intelligence with the real economy, and foster new growth areas and drivers of growth in medium-high end consumption, innovation-driven development, the green and low-carbon economy, the sharing economy, modern supply chains, and human capital services. We will support traditional industries in upgrading themselves and accelerate development of modern service industries to elevate them to international standards. We will move Chinese industries up to the medium-high end of the global value chain, and foster a number of world-class advanced manufacturing clusters. We will strengthen infrastructure networks for water conservancy, railways, highways, waterways, aviation, pipelines, power grids, information, and logistics. We will continue efforts to cut overcapacity, reduce excess inventory, deleverage, lower costs, and strengthen areas of weakness, and work to achieve a dynamic balance between supply and demand by improving the allocation of available resources and increasing high-quality supply. We will inspire and protect entrepreneurship, and encourage more entities to make innovations and start businesses. We will build an educated, skilled, and innovative workforce, foster respect for model workers, promote quality workmanship, and see that taking pride in labor becomes a social norm and seeking excellence is valued as a good work ethic. |
| （二）加快建設創新型國家。創新是引領發展的第一動力，是建設現代化經濟體系的戰略支撐。要瞄準世界科技前沿，強化基礎研究，實現前瞻性基礎研究、引領性原創成果重大突破。加強應用基礎研究，拓展實施國家重大科技項目，突出關鍵共性技術、前沿引領技術、現代工程技術、顛覆性技術創新，為建設科技強國、質量強國、航天強國、網絡強國、交通強國、數字中國、智慧社會提供有力支撐。加強國家創新體系建設，強化戰略科技力量。深化科技體制改革，建立以企業為主體、市場為導向、產學研深度融合的技術創新體系，加強對中小企業創新的支持，促進科技成果轉化。倡導創新文化，強化知識產權創造、保護、運用。培養造就一大批具有國際水平的戰略科技人才、科技領軍人才、青年科技人才和高水平創新團隊。 | 2. Making China a country of innovators
Innovation is the primary driving force behind development; it is the strategic underpinning for building a modernized economy. We should aim for the frontiers of science and technology, strengthen basic research, and make major breakthroughs in pioneering basic research and groundbreaking and original innovations. We will strengthen basic research in applied sciences, launch major national science and technology projects, and prioritize innovation in key generic technologies, cutting-edge frontier technologies, modern engineering technologies, and disruptive technologies. These efforts will provide powerful support for building China’s strength in science and technology, product quality, aerospace, cyberspace, and transportation; and for building a digital China and a smart society. We will improve our national innovation system and boost our strategic scientific and technological strength. We will further reform the management system for science and technology, and develop a market-oriented system for technological innovation in which enterprises are the main players and synergy is created through the joint efforts of enterprises, universities, and research institutes. We will support innovation by small and medium-sized enterprises and encourage the application of advances in science and technology. We will foster a culture of innovation, and strengthen the creation, protection, and application of intellectual property. We should cultivate a large number of world-class scientists and technologists in strategically important fields, scientific and technological leaders, and young scientists and engineers, as well as high-performing innovation teams. |
| （三）實施鄉村振興戰略。農業農村農民問題是關係國計民生的根本性問題，必須始終把解決好「三農」問題作為全黨工作重中之重。要堅持農業農村優先發展，按照產業興旺、生態宜居、鄉風文明、治理有效、生活富裕的總要求，建立健全城鄉融合發展體制機制和政策體系，加快推進農業農村現代化。鞏固和完善農村基本經營制度，深化農村土地制度改革，完善承包地「三權」分置制度。保持土地承包關係穩定並長久不變，第二輪土地承包到期後再延長三十年。深化農村集體產權制度改革，保障農民財產權益，壯大集體經濟。確保國家糧食安全，把中國人的飯碗牢牢端在自己手中。構建現代農業產業體系、生產體系、經營體系，完善農業支持保護制度，發展多種形式適度規模經營，培育新型農業經營主體，健全農業社會化服務體系，實現小農戶和現代農業發展有機銜接。促進農村一二三產業融合發展，支持和鼓勵農民就業創業，拓寬增收渠道。加強農村基層基礎工作，健全自治、法治、德治相結合的鄉村治理體系。培養造就一支懂農業、愛農村、愛農民的「三農」工作隊伍。 | 3. Pursuing a rural vitalization strategy
Issues relating to agriculture, rural areas, and rural people are fundamental to China as they directly concern our country’s stability and our people’s wellbeing. Addressing these issues should have a central place on the work agenda of the Party, and we must prioritize the development of agriculture and rural areas. To build rural areas with thriving businesses, pleasant living environments, social etiquette and civility, effective governance, and prosperity, we need to put in place sound systems, mechanisms, and policies for promoting integrated urban-rural development, and speed up the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. We will consolidate and improve the basic rural operation system, advance reform of the rural land system, and improve the system for separating the ownership rights, contract rights, and management rights for contracted rural land. Rural land contracting practices will remain stable and unchanged on a long-term basis; the current round of contracts will be extended for another 30 years upon expiration. We will press ahead with reform of the rural collective property rights system, safeguard the property rights and interests of rural people, and strengthen the collective economy. We must ensure China’s food security so that we always have control over our own food supply. We will establish industrial, production, and business operation systems for modern agriculture, and improve the systems for supporting and protecting agriculture. We will develop appropriately scaled agricultural operations of various forms, cultivate new types of agribusiness, improve specialized agricultural services, and encourage small household farmers to become involved in modern agriculture. We will promote the integrated development of the primary, secondary, and tertiary industries in rural areas, support and encourage employment and business startups there, and open up more channels to increase rural incomes. We will strengthen basic services in rural communities, and improve the rural governance model which combines self-governance, rule of law, and rule of virtue. We will train professional rural service personnel who have a good knowledge of agriculture, love our rural areas, and care about rural people. |
| （四）實施區域協調發展戰略。加大力度支持革命老區、民族地區、邊疆地區、貧困地區加快發展，強化舉措推進西部大開發形成新格局，深化改革加快東北等老工業基地振興，發揮優勢推動中部地區崛起，創新引領率先實現東部地區優化發展，建立更加有效的區域協調發展新機制。以城市群為主體構建大中小城市和小城鎮協調發展的城鎮格局，加快農業轉移人口市民化。以疏解北京非首都功能為「牛鼻子」推動京津冀協同發展，高起點規劃、高標準建設雄安新區。以共抓大保護、不搞大開發為導向推動長江經濟帶發展。支持資源型地區經濟轉型發展。加快邊疆發展，確保邊疆鞏固、邊境安全。堅持陸海統籌，加快建設海洋強國。 | 4. Implementing the coordinated regional development strategy
We will devote more energy to speeding up the development of old revolutionary base areas, areas with large ethnic minority populations, border areas, and poor areas. We will strengthen measures to reach a new stage in the large-scale development of the western region; deepen reform to accelerate the revitalization of old industrial bases in the northeast and other parts of the country; help the central region rise by tapping into local strengths; and support the eastern region in taking the lead in pursuing optimal development through innovation. To this end, we need to put in place new, effective mechanisms to ensure coordinated development of different regions. We will create networks of cities and towns based on city clusters, enabling the coordinated development of cities of different sizes and small towns, and speed up work on granting permanent urban residency to people who move from rural to urban areas. We will relieve Beijing of functions nonessential to its role as the capital and use this effort to drive the coordinated development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region; and we will develop forward-looking plans and adopt high standards for building the Xiongan New Area. We will facilitate the development of the Yangtze Economic Belt by promoting well-coordinated environmental conservation and avoiding excessive development. Support will be given to resource-depleted areas in their economic transformation. We will accelerate development in the border areas, and ensure their stability and security. We will pursue coordinated land and marine development, and step up efforts to build China into a strong maritime country. |
| （五）加快完善社會主義市場經濟體制。經濟體制改革必須以完善產權制度和要素市場化配置為重點，實現產權有效激勵、要素自由流動、價格反應靈活、競爭公平有序、企業優勝劣汰。要完善各類國有資產管理體制，改革國有資本授權經營體制，加快國有經濟布局優化、結構調整、戰略性重組，促進國有資產保值增值，推動國有資本做強做優做大，有效防止國有資產流失。深化國有企業改革，發展混合所有制經濟，培育具有全球競爭力的世界一流企業。全面實施市場准入負面清單制度，清理廢除妨礙統一市場和公平競爭的各種規定和做法，支持民營企業發展，激發各類市場主體活力。深化商事制度改革，打破行政性壟斷，防止市場壟斷，加快要素價格市場化改革，放寬服務業准入限制，完善市場監管體制。創新和完善宏觀調控，發揮國家發展規劃的戰略導向作用，健全財政、貨幣、產業、區域等經濟政策協調機制。完善促進消費的體制機制，增強消費對經濟發展的基礎性作用。深化投融資體制改革，發揮投資對優化供給結構的關鍵性作用。加快建立現代財政制度，建立權責清晰、財力協調、區域均衡的中央和地方財政關係。建立全面規範透明、標準科學、約束有力的預算制度，全面實施績效管理。深化稅收制度改革，健全地方稅體系。深化金融體制改革，增強金融服務實體經濟能力，提高直接融資比重，促進多層次資本市場健康發展。健全貨幣政策和宏觀審慎政策雙支柱調控框架，深化利率和匯率市場化改革。健全金融監管體系，守住不發生系統性金融風險的底線。 | 5. Accelerating efforts to improve the socialist market economy
In our economic reforms, we must concentrate on improving the property rights system and ensuring the market-based allocation of factors of production, so that property rights act as effective incentives. We should ensure free flows of factors, flexible prices, fair and orderly competition, and that business survival is determined by competition. We will improve the systems for managing different types of state assets, and reform the system of authorized operation of state capital. In the state-owned sector, we will step up improved distribution, structural adjustment, and strategic reorganization. We will work to see that state assets maintain and increase their value; we will support state capital in becoming stronger, doing better, and growing bigger, and take effective measures to prevent the loss of state assets. We will further reform of state-owned enterprises, develop mixed-ownership economic entities, and turn Chinese enterprises into world-class, globally competitive firms. We will introduce a negative list for market access nationwide, sort through and do away with regulations and practices that impede the development of a unified market and fair competition, support the growth of private businesses, and stimulate the vitality of various market entities. We will deepen reforms in the business sector, break administrative monopolies, preclude the forming of market monopolies, speed up the reform of market-based pricing of factors of production, relax control over market access in the service sector, and improve market oversight mechanisms. We will develop new methods to improve macro-regulation, give full play to the strategic guidance of national development plans, and improve mechanisms for coordinating fiscal, monetary, industrial, regional, and other economic policies. We will improve systems and mechanisms for stimulating consumer spending, and leverage the fundamental role of consumption in promoting economic growth. We will deepen reform of the investment and financing systems, and enable investment to play a crucial role in improving the supply structure. We will expedite the creation of a modern public finance system, and establish a fiscal relationship between the central and local governments built upon clearly defined powers and responsibilities, appropriate financial resource allocation, and greater balance between regions. We will put in place a comprehensive, procedure-based, transparent budget system that uses well-conceived standards and imposes effective constraints; and we will implement performance-based management nationwide. We will deepen reform of the taxation system, and improve the local tax system. We will deepen institutional reform in the financial sector, make it better serve the real economy, increase the proportion of direct financing, and promote the healthy development of a multilevel capital market. We will improve the framework of regulation underpinned by monetary policy and macro-prudential policy, and see that interest rates and exchange rates become more market-based. We will improve the financial regulatory system to forestall systemic financial risks. |
| （六）推動形成全面開放新格局。開放帶來進步，封閉必然落後。中國開放的大門不會關閉，只會越開越大。要以「一帶一路」建設為重點，堅持引進來和走出去並重，遵循共商共建共享原則，加強創新能力開放合作，形成陸海內外聯動、東西雙向互濟的開放格局。拓展對外貿易，培育貿易新業態新模式，推進貿易強國建設。實行高水平的貿易和投資自由化便利化政策，全面實行准入前國民待遇加負面清單管理制度，大幅度放寬市場准入，擴大服務業對外開放，保護外商投資合法權益。凡是在我國境內註冊的企業，都要一視同仁、平等對待。優化區域開放布局，加大西部開放力度。賦予自由貿易試驗區更大改革自主權，探索建設自由貿易港。創新對外投資方式，促進國際產能合作，形成面向全球的貿易、投融資、生產、服務網絡，加快培育國際經濟合作和競爭新優勢。 | 6. Making new ground in pursuing opening up on all fronts
Openness brings progress, while self-seclusion leaves one behind. China will not close its door to the world; we will only become more and more open. We should pursue the Belt and Road Initiative as a priority, give equal emphasis to 「bringing in」 and 「going global,」 follow the principle of achieving shared growth through discussion and collaboration, and increase openness and cooperation in building innovation capacity. With these efforts, we hope to make new ground in opening China further through links running eastward and westward, across land and over sea. We will expand foreign trade, develop new models and new forms of trade, and turn China into a trader of quality. We will adopt policies to promote high-standard liberalization and facilitation of trade and investment; we will implement the system of pre-establishment national treatment plus a negative list across the board, significantly ease market access, further open the service sector, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of foreign investors. All businesses registered in China will be treated equally. We will improve the balance in opening our different regions, and open the western region wider. We will grant more powers to pilot free trade zones to conduct reform, and explore the opening of free trade ports. We will develop new ways of making outbound investments, promote international cooperation on production capacity, form globally-oriented networks of trade, investment and financing, production, and services, and build up our strengths for international economic cooperation and competition. |
| 同志們！解放和發展社會生產力，是社會主義的本質要求。我們要激發全社會創造力和發展活力，努力實現更高質量、更有效率、更加公平、更可持續的發展！ | Comrades,
Unlocking and developing the productive forces is a fundamental task of socialism. We must inspire creativity and vitality throughout society, and strive to achieve better quality, more efficient, fairer, and more sustainable development. |
| 六、健全人民當家作主制度體系，發展社會主義民主政治 | VI. Improving the System of Institutions through Which the People Run the Country and Developing Socialist Democracy |
| 我國是工人階級領導的、以工農聯盟為基礎的人民民主專政的社會主義國家，國家一切權力屬於人民。我國社會主義民主是維護人民根本利益的最廣泛、最真實、最管用的民主。發展社會主義民主政治就是要體現人民意志、保障人民權益、激發人民創造活力，用制度體系保證人民當家作主。 | China is a socialist country of people’s democratic dictatorship under the leadership of the working class based on an alliance of workers and farmers; it is a country where all power of the state belongs to the people. China’s socialist democracy is the broadest, most genuine, and most effective democracy to safeguard the fundamental interests of the people. The very purpose of developing socialist democracy is to give full expression to the will of the people, protect their rights and interests, spark their creativity, and provide systemic and institutional guarantees to ensure the people run the country. |
| 中國特色社會主義政治發展道路，是近代以來中國人民長期奮鬥歷史邏輯、理論邏輯、實踐邏輯的必然結果，是堅持黨的本質屬性、踐行黨的根本宗旨的必然要求。世界上沒有完全相同的政治制度模式，政治制度不能脫離特定社會政治條件和歷史文化傳統來抽象評判，不能定於一尊，不能生搬硬套外國政治制度模式。要長期堅持、不斷發展我國社會主義民主政治，積極穩妥推進政治體制改革，推進社會主義民主政治制度化、規範化、程序化，保證人民依法通過各種途徑和形式管理國家事務，管理經濟文化事業，管理社會事務，鞏固和發展生動活潑、安定團結的政治局面。 | The path of socialist political advancement with Chinese characteristics is the logical outcome of the evolution of history, theory, and practice as the Chinese people have long engaged in struggles since the advent of modern times. It is a requisite for maintaining the very nature of the Party and fulfilling its fundamental purpose.
No two political systems are entirely the same, and a political system cannot be judged in abstraction without regard for its social and political context, its history, and its cultural traditions. No one political system should be regarded as the only choice; and we should not just mechanically copy the political systems of other countries. We must uphold long term and steadily strengthen China’s socialist democracy, make active and prudent efforts to advance the reform of the political system, and improve the institutions, standards, and procedures of socialist democracy. We should ensure that people participate, in accordance with law and in various ways and forms, in the management of state, economic, cultural, and social affairs, and consolidate and enhance political stability, unity, and vitality. |
| （一）堅持黨的領導、人民當家作主、依法治國有機統一。黨的領導是人民當家作主和依法治國的根本保證，人民當家作主是社會主義民主政治的本質特徵，依法治國是黨領導人民治理國家的基本方式，三者統一於我國社會主義民主政治偉大實踐。在我國政治生活中，黨是居於領導地位的，加強黨的集中統一領導，支持人大、政府、政協和法院、檢察院依法依章程履行職能、開展工作、發揮作用，這兩個方面是統一的。要改進黨的領導方式和執政方式，保證黨領導人民有效治理國家；擴大人民有序政治參與，保證人民依法實行民主選舉、民主協商、民主決策、民主管理、民主監督；維護國家法制統一、尊嚴、權威，加強人權法治保障，保證人民依法享有廣泛權利和自由。鞏固基層政權，完善基層民主制度，保障人民知情權、參與權、表達權、監督權。健全依法決策機制，構建決策科學、執行堅決、監督有力的權力運行機制。各級領導幹部要增強民主意識，發揚民主作風，接受人民監督，當好人民公僕。 | 1. Upholding the unity of Party leadership, the running of the country by the people, and law-based governance
Party leadership is the fundamental guarantee for ensuring that the people run the country and governance in China is law-based; that the people run the country is an essential feature of socialist democracy; and law-based governance is the basic way for the Party to lead the people in governing the country. These three elements are integral components of socialist democracy. In China’s political life, our Party exercises leadership. Strengthening the centralized, unified leadership of the Party on the one hand and, on the other, supporting the people’s congresses, governments, committees of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), courts, and procuratorates in performing their functions and playing their roles in accordance with the law and their charters, form a unified pair. We will improve the way the Party exercises leadership and governance to ensure that it leads the people in effectively governing the country. We will expand the people’s orderly political participation to see that in accordance with law they engage in democratic elections, consultations, decision-making, management, and oversight. We should uphold the unity, sanctity, and authority of China’s legal system, and strengthen legal protection for human rights to ensure that the people enjoy extensive rights and freedoms as prescribed by law. We should both consolidate government and improve the institutions of democracy at the primary level to ensure the people’s rights to be informed, to participate, to be heard, and to oversee. We will improve mechanisms for law-based decision-making, and put in place mechanisms for the exercise of power that ensure sound decision-making, resolute execution, and effective oversight. Officials at all levels must deepen their understanding of democracy, be democratic in their conduct, willingly accept public oversight, and perform as they should in their role as public servants. |
| （二）加強人民當家作主制度保障。人民代表大會制度是堅持黨的領導、人民當家作主、依法治國有機統一的根本政治制度安排，必須長期堅持、不斷完善。要支持和保證人民通過人民代表大會行使國家權力。發揮人大及其常委會在立法工作中的主導作用，健全人大組織制度和工作制度，支持和保證人大依法行使立法權、監督權、決定權、任免權，更好發揮人大代表作用，使各級人大及其常委會成為全面擔負起憲法法律賦予的各項職責的工作機關，成為同人民群眾保持密切聯繫的代表機關。完善人大專門委員會設置，優化人大常委會和專門委員會組成人員結構。 | 2. Strengthening institutional guarantees to ensure the people run the country
We must uphold long term and steadily improve the system of people’s congresses, a political system fundamental to the Party’s leadership, the running of the country by the people, and law-based governance. We should support and ensure the people’s exercise of state power through people’s congresses. We should see to it that people’s congresses and their standing committees play the leading role in lawmaking, and improve the organizational and working systems of people’s congresses to support and ensure the exercise of their statutory powers of enacting laws, conducting oversight, making decisions, and appointing and removing officials. We should give better play to the role of deputies to people’s congresses, and enable people’s congresses at all levels and their standing committees to fully perform their functions as stipulated in the Constitution and the law, and to truly represent the people and maintain close ties with them. We should improve the setup of special committees of people’s congresses and the composition of their standing committees and special committees. |
| （三）發揮社會主義協商民主重要作用。有事好商量，眾人的事情由眾人商量，是人民民主的真諦。協商民主是實現黨的領導的重要方式，是我國社會主義民主政治的特有形式和獨特優勢。要推動協商民主廣泛、多層、制度化發展，統籌推進政黨協商、人大協商、政府協商、政協協商、人民團體協商、基層協商以及社會組織協商。加強協商民主制度建設，形成完整的制度程序和參與實踐，保證人民在日常政治生活中有廣泛持續深入參與的權利。 | 3. Giving play to the important role of socialist consultative democracy
The essence of the people’s democracy is that the people get to discuss their own affairs. Consultative democracy is an important way of effecting Party leadership and a model and strength unique to China’s socialist democracy. We will advance extensive, multilevel, and institutionalized development of consultative democracy, and adopt a coordinated approach to promoting consultations carried out by political parties, people’s congresses, government departments, CPPCC committees, people’s organizations, communities, and social organizations. We will strengthen the institutions of consultative democracy and develop complete procedures and practices to enable the people’s broad, continuous, and intensive participation in day-to-day political activities. |
| 人民政協是具有中國特色的制度安排，是社會主義協商民主的重要渠道和專門協商機構。人民政協工作要聚焦黨和國家中心任務，圍繞團結和民主兩大主題，把協商民主貫穿政治協商、民主監督、參政議政全過程，完善協商議政內容和形式，着力增進共識、促進團結。加強人民政協民主監督，重點監督黨和國家重大方針政策和重要決策部署的貫徹落實。增強人民政協界別的代表性，加強委員隊伍建設。 | The CPPCC, as a distinctively Chinese political institution, is a major channel for socialist consultative democracy, and its committees are specialist consultative bodies. The CPPCC committees should focus on the Party and the country’s key tasks. With the themes of unity and democracy in mind, they should exercise consultative democracy throughout the whole process of political consultation, democratic oversight, and participation in the deliberation and administration of state affairs; and they should improve the content and forms of consultation and deliberation to build consensus and promote unity. They should strengthen democratic oversight, focusing on the implementation of the major principles, policies, decisions, and plans of the Party and the state. They should better represent the different social sectors and strengthen the competence of their members. |
| （四）深化依法治國實踐。全面依法治國是國家治理的一場深刻革命，必須堅持厲行法治，推進科學立法、嚴格執法、公正司法、全民守法。成立中央全面依法治國領導小組，加強對法治中國建設的統一領導。加強憲法實施和監督，推進合憲性審查工作，維護憲法權威。推進科學立法、民主立法、依法立法，以良法促進發展、保障善治。建設法治政府，推進依法行政，嚴格規範公正文明執法。深化司法體制綜合配套改革，全面落實司法責任制，努力讓人民群眾在每一個司法案件中感受到公平正義。加大全民普法力度，建設社會主義法治文化，樹立憲法法律至上、法律面前人人平等的法治理念。各級黨組織和全體黨員要帶頭尊法學法守法用法，任何組織和個人都不得有超越憲法法律的特權，絕不允許以言代法、以權壓法、逐利違法、徇私枉法。 | 4. Advancing law-based governance
Advancing law-based governance in all fields is a profound revolution in China’s governance. We must promote the rule of law and work to ensure sound lawmaking, strict law enforcement, impartial administration of justice, and the observance of law by everyone. A central leading group for advancing law-based governance in all areas will be set up to exercise unified leadership over the initiative to build rule of law in China. We will strengthen oversight to ensure compliance with the Constitution, advance constitutionality review, and safeguard the authority of the Constitution. We will carry out lawmaking in a well-conceived and democratic way and in accordance with law, so that good laws are made to promote development and ensure good governance. We will build a rule of law government, promote law-based government administration, and see that law is enforced in a strict, procedure-based, impartial, and non-abusive way. We will carry out comprehensive and integrated reform of the judicial system and enforce judicial accountability in all respects, so that the people can see in every judicial case that justice is served. We will redouble efforts to raise public awareness of the law, develop a socialist culture of rule of law, and increase public awareness of the principle underlying rule of law that the Constitution and the law are above everything else and that everyone is equal before the law. Every Party organization and every Party member must take the lead in respecting, learning about, observing, and applying the law. No organization or individual has the power to overstep the Constitution or the law; and no one is allowed in any way to override the law with his or her own orders, place his or her authority above the law, violate the law for personal gain, or abuse the law. |
| （五）深化機構和行政體制改革。統籌考慮各類機構設置，科學配置黨政部門及內設機構權力、明確職責。統籌使用各類編制資源，形成科學合理的管理體制，完善國家機構組織法。轉變政府職能，深化簡政放權，創新監管方式，增強政府公信力和執行力，建設人民滿意的服務型政府。賦予省級及以下政府更多自主權。在省市縣對職能相近的黨政機關探索合併設立或合署辦公。深化事業單位改革，強化公益屬性，推進政事分開、事企分開、管辦分離。 | 5. Deepening reform of Party and government institutions and the system of government administration
We will adopt a comprehensive approach to the setup of Party and government institutions, and ensure that powers are designated properly and functions and duties are defined clearly both for the institutions themselves and their internal bodies. We will use various types of staffing resources in a coordinated way, develop a sound system of administration, and improve the organic law for state institutions. The government needs to transform its functions, further streamline administration and delegate powers, develop new ways of regulation and supervision, and strengthen its credibility and administrative capacity, building itself into a service-oriented government able to satisfy the needs of the people. More decision making power should be given to governments at and below the provincial level, and ways should be explored to merge Party and government bodies with similar functions at the provincial, prefectural, and county levels or for them to work together as one office while keeping separate identities. We will deepen the reform of public institutions to see that they focus on serving public interests, relieve them of government functions, keep them away from business activities, and let them run their own day-to-day operations while maintaining supervision over them. |
| （六）鞏固和發展愛國統一戰線。統一戰線是黨的事業取得勝利的重要法寶，必須長期堅持。要高舉愛國主義、社會主義旗幟，牢牢把握大團結大聯合的主題，堅持一致性和多樣性統一，找到最大公約數，畫出最大同心圓。堅持長期共存、互相監督、肝膽相照、榮辱與共，支持民主黨派按照中國特色社會主義參政黨要求更好履行職能。全面貫徹黨的民族政策，深化民族團結進步教育，鑄牢中華民族共同體意識，加強各民族交往交流交融，促進各民族像石榴籽一樣緊緊抱在一起，共同團結奮鬥、共同繁榮發展。全面貫徹黨的宗教工作基本方針，堅持我國宗教的中國化方向，積極引導宗教與社會主義社會相適應。加強黨外知識分子工作，做好新的社會階層人士工作，發揮他們在中國特色社會主義事業中的重要作用。構建親清新型政商關係，促進非公有制經濟健康發展和非公有制經濟人士健康成長。廣泛團結聯繫海外僑胞和歸僑僑眷，共同致力於中華民族偉大復興。 | 6. Consolidating and developing the patriotic united front
The united front is an important way to ensure the success of the Party’s cause, and we must maintain commitment to it long term. We must uphold the banner of patriotism and socialism, strive to achieve great unity and solidarity, balance commonality and diversity, and expand common ground and the convergence of interests. In handling its relationships with other Chinese political parties, the Communist Party of China is guided by the principles of long-term coexistence, mutual oversight, sincerity, and sharing the rough times and the smooth, and it supports these parties in performing their duties in accordance with the requirements of the Chinese socialist system for their participation in governance. We will fully implement the Party’s policies concerning ethnic groups, heighten public awareness of ethnic unity and progress, and create a strong sense of community for the Chinese nation. We will encourage more exchanges and interactions among different ethnic groups, helping them remain closely united like the seeds of a pomegranate that stick together, and work jointly for common prosperity and development. We will fully implement the Party’s basic policy on religious affairs, uphold the principle that religions in China must be Chinese in orientation and provide active guidance to religions so that they can adapt themselves to socialist society. We will encourage intellectuals who are not Party members and people belonging to new social groups to play the important roles they have in building socialism with Chinese characteristics. We should form a new type of cordial and clean relationship between government and business, promote healthy growth of the non-public sector of the economy, and encourage those working in this sector to achieve success. We will maintain extensive contacts with overseas Chinese nationals, returned Chinese and their relatives and unite them so that they can join our endeavors to revitalize the Chinese nation. |
| 同志們！中國特色社會主義政治制度是中國共產黨和中國人民的偉大創造。我們完全有信心、有能力把我國社會主義民主政治的優勢和特點充分發揮出來，為人類政治文明進步作出充滿中國智慧的貢獻！ | Comrades,
The political system of socialism with Chinese characteristics is a great creation of the Communist Party of China and the Chinese people. We have every confidence that we can give full play to the strengths and distinctive features of China’s socialist democracy, and make China’s contribution to the political advancement of mankind. |
| 七、堅定文化自信，推動社會主義文化繁榮興盛 | VII. Building Stronger Cultural Confidence and Helping Socialist Culture to Flourish |
| 文化是一個國家、一個民族的靈魂。文化興國運興，文化強民族強。沒有高度的文化自信，沒有文化的繁榮興盛，就沒有中華民族偉大復興。要堅持中國特色社會主義文化發展道路，激發全民族文化創新創造活力，建設社會主義文化強國。 | Culture is a country and nation’s soul. Our country will thrive only if our culture thrives, and our nation will be strong only if our culture is strong. Without full confidence in our culture, without a rich and prosperous culture, the Chinese nation will not be able to rejuvenate itself. We must develop a socialist culture with Chinese characteristics, inspire the cultural creativity of our whole nation, and develop a great socialist culture in China. |
| 中國特色社會主義文化，源自於中華民族五千多年文明歷史所孕育的中華優秀傳統文化，熔鑄於黨領導人民在革命、建設、改革中創造的革命文化和社會主義先進文化，植根於中國特色社會主義偉大實踐。發展中國特色社會主義文化，就是以馬克思主義為指導，堅守中華文化立場，立足當代中國現實，結合當今時代條件，發展面向現代化、面向世界、面向未來的，民族的科學的大眾的社會主義文化，推動社會主義精神文明和物質文明協調發展。要堅持為人民服務、為社會主義服務，堅持百花齊放、百家爭鳴，堅持創造性轉化、創新性發展，不斷鑄就中華文化新輝煌。 | Socialist culture with Chinese characteristics is derived from China’s fine traditional culture, which was born of the Chinese civilization and nurtured over more than 5,000 years; it has grown out of the revolutionary and advanced socialist culture that developed over the course of the Chinese people’s revolution, construction, and reform under the Party’s leadership; and it is rooted in the great practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics.
To develop socialist culture with Chinese characteristics means to develop a socialist culture for our nation—a culture that is sound and people-oriented, that embraces modernization, the world, and the future, and that both promotes socialist material wellbeing and raises socialist cultural-ethical standards. In developing this culture, we must follow the guidance of Marxism, base our efforts on Chinese culture, and take into account the realities of contemporary China and the conditions of the present era. We should ensure that this culture serves the people and serves socialism. We should follow the principle of letting a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend, and encourage creative transformation and development, so as to add new luster to Chinese culture. |
| （一）牢牢掌握意識形態工作領導權。意識形態決定文化前進方向和發展道路。必須推進馬克思主義中國化時代化大眾化，建設具有強大凝聚力和引領力的社會主義意識形態，使全體人民在理想信念、價值理念、道德觀念上緊緊團結在一起。要加強理論武裝，推動新時代中國特色社會主義思想深入人心。深化馬克思主義理論研究和建設，加快構建中國特色哲學社會科學，加強中國特色新型智庫建設。堅持正確輿論導向，高度重視傳播手段建設和創新，提高新聞輿論傳播力、引導力、影響力、公信力。加強互聯網內容建設，建立網絡綜合治理體系，營造清朗的網絡空間。落實意識形態工作責任制，加強陣地建設和管理，注意區分政治原則問題、思想認識問題、學術觀點問題，旗幟鮮明反對和抵制各種錯誤觀點。 | 1. Holding firmly the leading position in ideological work
Ideology determines the direction a culture should take and the path it should follow as it develops. We must continue to adapt Marxism to China’s conditions, keep it up-to-date, and enhance its popular appeal. We will develop socialist ideology that has the ability to unite and the power to inspire the people to embrace shared ideals, convictions, values, and moral standards. We will better arm ourselves with theory and increase the public appeal of the Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. We will work harder to study and develop Marxist theory, work faster to develop philosophy and social sciences with Chinese characteristics, and develop new types of think tanks with distinctive Chinese features. We will maintain the right tone in public communication, give priority to improving means of communication and to creating new ones, and strengthen the penetration, guidance, influence, and credibility of the media. We will provide more and better online content and put in place a system for integrated internet management to ensure a clean cyberspace. We will implement the system of responsibility for ideological work, and further consolidate our positions and improve management in this field. We will distinguish between matters of political principle, issues of understanding and thinking, and academic viewpoints, but we must oppose and resist various erroneous views with a clear stand. |
| （二）培育和踐行社會主義核心價值觀。社會主義核心價值觀是當代中國精神的集中體現，凝結着全體人民共同的價值追求。要以培養擔當民族復興大任的時代新人為着眼點，強化教育引導、實踐養成、制度保障，發揮社會主義核心價值觀對國民教育、精神文明創建、精神文化產品創作生產傳播的引領作用，把社會主義核心價值觀融入社會發展各方面，轉化為人們的情感認同和行為習慣。堅持全民行動、幹部帶頭，從家庭做起，從娃娃抓起。深入挖掘中華優秀傳統文化蘊含的思想觀念、人文精神、道德規範，結合時代要求繼承創新，讓中華文化展現出永久魅力和時代風采。 | 2. Cultivating and observing core socialist values
Core socialist values represent the contemporary Chinese spirit and are a crystallization of the values shared by all Chinese people. We will focus on fostering a new generation capable of shouldering the mission of national rejuvenation; we will offer them better guidance, expose them to practice, and provide institutional guarantees. We will draw on core socialist values to guide education, efforts to raise cultural-ethical standards, and the creation, production, and distribution of cultural and intellectual products, and see that all areas of social development are imbued with these values and that they become part of people’s thinking and behavior. To this end, we will encourage extensive public involvement, making our officials take the lead and starting with families and children. We will draw on China’s fine traditional culture, keep alive and develop its vision, concepts, values, and moral norms, and do so in a way that responds to the call of our era. With this we will see that Chinese culture maintains its appeal and evolves with the times. |
| （三）加強思想道德建設。人民有信仰，國家有力量，民族有希望。要提高人民思想覺悟、道德水準、文明素養，提高全社會文明程度。廣泛開展理想信念教育，深化中國特色社會主義和中國夢宣傳教育，弘揚民族精神和時代精神，加強愛國主義、集體主義、社會主義教育，引導人們樹立正確的歷史觀、民族觀、國家觀、文化觀。深入實施公民道德建設工程，推進社會公德、職業道德、家庭美德、個人品德建設，激勵人們向上向善、孝老愛親，忠於祖國、忠於人民。加強和改進思想政治工作，深化群眾性精神文明創建活動。弘揚科學精神，普及科學知識，開展移風易俗、弘揚時代新風行動，抵制腐朽落後文化侵蝕。推進誠信建設和志願服務制度化，強化社會責任意識、規則意識、奉獻意識。 | 3. Raising intellectual and moral standards
When the people have ideals, their country will have strength, and their nation will have a bright future. We will help our people raise their political awareness and moral standards, foster appreciation of fine culture, and enhance social etiquette and civility. We will undertake extensive public awareness activities to help the people develop firm ideals and convictions, build their awareness of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the Chinese Dream, foster a Chinese ethos and a readiness to respond to the call of our times, strengthen the guiding role of patriotism, collectivism, and socialism, and see that the people develop an accurate understanding of history, ethnicity, country, and culture. We will launch a civic morality campaign to raise public ethical standards, and enhance work ethics, family virtues, and personal integrity. We will encourage our people to strive for excellence and to develop stronger virtues, respect the elderly, love families, and be loyal to the country and the people. We will improve and strengthen our ideological and political work, and launch initiatives to raise the public’s cultural-ethical standards. We will promote the spirit of science and make scientific knowledge widely attainable; we will work to see the back of outdated social mores and to promote good and up-to-date practices and trends; and we will resist the corrosive influence of backward and decadent culture. We will promote credibility building, institutionalize volunteer services, and heighten people’s sense of social responsibility, awareness of rules, and sense of dedication. |
| （四）繁榮發展社會主義文藝。社會主義文藝是人民的文藝，必須堅持以人民為中心的創作導向，在深入生活、紮根人民中進行無愧於時代的文藝創造。要繁榮文藝創作，堅持思想精深、藝術精湛、製作精良相統一，加強現實題材創作，不斷推出謳歌黨、謳歌祖國、謳歌人民、謳歌英雄的精品力作。發揚學術民主、藝術民主，提升文藝原創力，推動文藝創新。倡導講品位、講格調、講責任，抵制低俗、庸俗、媚俗。加強文藝隊伍建設，造就一大批德藝雙馨名家大師，培育一大批高水平創作人才。 | 4. Seeing socialist literature and art thrive
Socialist literature and art are for the people: Writers and artists should take a people-centered approach and draw inspiration from everyday life and the experiences of the people to produce works that do justice to our times. We encourage them to create fine works that are thought provoking and of a high artistic standard, that reflect real life, and that extol our Party, our country, our people, and our heroes. We will foster democracy in academic research and artistic pursuit, and encourage originality and experimentation with new approaches in the creation of literature and art. We encourage the cultivation of fine tastes, style, and a sense of responsibility, and reject vulgarity and kitsch in literary and artistic creation. We will strengthen the professional standards of artists and writers to see the emergence of a large number of eminent figures who have moral integrity and outstanding artistic appeal, and creators of inspiring works. |
| （五）推動文化事業和文化產業發展。滿足人民過上美好生活的新期待，必須提供豐富的精神食糧。要深化文化體制改革，完善文化管理體制，加快構建把社會效益放在首位、社會效益和經濟效益相統一的體制機制。完善公共文化服務體系，深入實施文化惠民工程，豐富群眾性文化活動。加強文物保護利用和文化遺產保護傳承。健全現代文化產業體系和市場體系，創新生產經營機制，完善文化經濟政策，培育新型文化業態。廣泛開展全民健身活動，加快推進體育強國建設，籌辦好北京冬奧會、冬殘奧會。加強中外人文交流，以我為主、兼收並蓄。推進國際傳播能力建設，講好中國故事，展現真實、立體、全面的中國，提高國家文化軟實力。 | 5. Promoting the development of cultural programs and industries
To meet the people’s new aspirations for a better life, we must provide them with rich intellectual nourishment. We need to deepen structural reform of the cultural sector, improve the cultural management system, and accelerate the establishment of systems and mechanisms that put social benefits first while pursuing economic returns. We will improve the public cultural service system, carry out public-interest cultural programs, and launch more popular cultural activities. We will strengthen protection and utilization of cultural relics, and better preserve and carry forward our cultural heritage. We will improve modern systems for cultural industries and markets, explore new mechanisms for cultural production and operation, improve economic policy on the development of the cultural sector, and develop new forms of business in this sector. We will carry out extensive Fitness-for-All programs, speed up efforts to build China into a country strong on sports, and make smooth preparations for the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games and Paralympic Games. We will strengthen people-to-people and cultural exchanges with other countries, giving prominence to Chinese culture while also drawing on other cultures. We will improve our capacity for engaging in international communication so as to tell China’s stories well, present a true, multi-dimensional, and panoramic view of China, and enhance our country’s cultural soft power. |
| 同志們！中國共產黨從成立之日起，既是中國先進文化的積極引領者和踐行者，又是中華優秀傳統文化的忠實傳承者和弘揚者。當代中國共產黨人和中國人民應該而且一定能夠擔負起新的文化使命，在實踐創造中進行文化創造，在歷史進步中實現文化進步！ | Comrades,
Since its founding, the Communist Party of China has actively guided and promoted China’s advanced culture while keeping China’s fine traditional culture alive and strong. Today, we Chinese Communists and the Chinese people should and can shoulder our new cultural mission, make cultural creations through practice, and promote cultural advancement along with the progress of history. |
| 八、提高保障和改善民生水平，加強和創新社會治理 | VIII. Growing Better at Ensuring and Improving People’s Wellbeing and Strengthening and Developing New Approaches to Social Governance |
| 全黨必須牢記，為什麼人的問題，是檢驗一個政黨、一個政權性質的試金石。帶領人民創造美好生活，是我們黨始終不渝的奮鬥目標。必須始終把人民利益擺在至高無上的地位，讓改革發展成果更多更公平惠及全體人民，朝着實現全體人民共同富裕不斷邁進。 | Everyone in the Party must keep firmly in mind that the nature of a political party and of a government is determined by those whom they serve. To lead the people to a better life is our Party’s abiding goal. We must put the people’s interests above all else, see that the gains of reform and development benefit all our people in a fair way, and strive to achieve shared prosperity for everyone. |
| 保障和改善民生要抓住人民最關心最直接最現實的利益問題，既盡力而為，又量力而行，一件事情接着一件事情辦，一年接着一年干。堅持人人盡責、人人享有，堅守底線、突出重點、完善制度、引導預期，完善公共服務體系，保障群眾基本生活，不斷滿足人民日益增長的美好生活需要，不斷促進社會公平正義，形成有效的社會治理、良好的社會秩序，使人民獲得感、幸福感、安全感更加充實、更有保障、更可持續。 | As we work to ensure and improve people’s wellbeing, we must focus on the most pressing, most immediate issues that concern the people the most. We will do everything in our capacity, and work away at issue by issue, year in and year out. We will see that everyone performs their duties and shares in the benefits. We will see basic needs are met, prioritize key areas, improve institutions, and guide public expectations. We will improve the public service system, ensure people’s basic quality of life, and keep up with people’s ever-growing needs for a better life. We will continue to promote social fairness and justice, develop effective social governance, and maintain public order. With this we should see that our people will always have a strong sense of fulfillment, happiness, and security. |
| （一）優先發展教育事業。建設教育強國是中華民族偉大復興的基礎工程，必須把教育事業放在優先位置，深化教育改革，加快教育現代化，辦好人民滿意的教育。要全面貫徹黨的教育方針，落實立德樹人根本任務，發展素質教育，推進教育公平，培養德智體美全面發展的社會主義建設者和接班人。推動城鄉義務教育一體化發展，高度重視農村義務教育，辦好學前教育、特殊教育和網絡教育，普及高中階段教育，努力讓每個孩子都能享有公平而有質量的教育。完善職業教育和培訓體系，深化產教融合、校企合作。加快一流大學和一流學科建設，實現高等教育內涵式發展。健全學生資助制度，使絕大多數城鄉新增勞動力接受高中階段教育、更多接受高等教育。支持和規範社會力量興辦教育。加強師德師風建設，培養高素質教師隊伍，倡導全社會尊師重教。辦好繼續教育，加快建設學習型社會，大力提高國民素質。 | 1. Giving priority to developing education
Strengthening education is fundamental to our pursuit of national rejuvenation. We must give priority to education, further reform in education, speed up its modernization, and develop education that people are satisfied with. We should fully implement the Party’s education policy, foster virtue through education, enhance our students』 well-rounded development, promote fairness in education, and nurture a new generation of capable young people who have a good and all-round moral, intellectual, physical, and aesthetical grounding and are well-prepared to join the socialist cause. We will promote the coordinated development of compulsory education in urban and rural areas, while giving particular attention to rural areas. We will improve preschool education, special needs education, and online education, make senior secondary education universally available, and strive to see that each and every child has fair access to good education. We will improve the system of vocational education and training, and promote integration between industry and education and cooperation between enterprises and colleges. We will move faster to build Chinese universities into world-class universities and develop world-class disciplines as we work to bring out the full potential of higher education. We will improve the system of financial aid to students, and work to see that the vast majority of the new members of the urban and rural labor force have received senior secondary education, and that more and more of them receive higher education. We will support the well-regulated development of private schools. We will strengthen the professional ethics and competence of teachers, and encourage public respect for educators and public support for education. We will improve continuing education, step up efforts to build a learning society, and promote the well-rounded development of all our people. |
| （二）提高就業質量和人民收入水平。就業是最大的民生。要堅持就業優先戰略和積極就業政策，實現更高質量和更充分就業。大規模開展職業技能培訓，注重解決結構性就業矛盾，鼓勵創業帶動就業。提供全方位公共就業服務，促進高校畢業生等青年群體、農民工多渠道就業創業。破除妨礙勞動力、人才社會性流動的體制機制弊端，使人人都有通過辛勤勞動實現自身發展的機會。完善政府、工會、企業共同參與的協商協調機制，構建和諧勞動關係。堅持按勞分配原則，完善按要素分配的體制機制，促進收入分配更合理、更有序。鼓勵勤勞守法致富，擴大中等收入群體，增加低收入者收入，調節過高收入，取締非法收入。堅持在經濟增長的同時實現居民收入同步增長、在勞動生產率提高的同時實現勞動報酬同步提高。拓寬居民勞動收入和財產性收入渠道。履行好政府再分配調節職能，加快推進基本公共服務均等化，縮小收入分配差距。 | 2. Improving the quality of employment and raising incomes
Employment is pivotal to people’s wellbeing. We must give high priority to employment and pursue a proactive employment policy, striving to achieve fuller employment and create better quality jobs. We will launch vocational skills training programs on a big scale, give particular attention to tackling structural unemployment, and create more jobs by encouraging business startups. We will provide extensive public employment services to open more channels for college graduates and other young people as well as migrant rural workers to find jobs and start their own businesses. We must remove institutional barriers that block the social mobility of labor and talent and ensure that every one of our people has the chance to pursue career through hard work. We will improve mechanisms for joint discussion and mediation involving government, trade unions, and employers in an effort to ensure harmonious labor relations. We will continue to follow the principle of distribution according to one’s work while improving our institutions and mechanisms for distribution based on factors of production, so as to make income distribution fairer and more orderly. We will encourage people to make their money through hard work and legal means. We will expand the size of the middle-income group, increase income for people on low incomes, adjust excessive incomes, and prohibit illicit income. We will work to see that individual incomes grow in step with economic development, and pay rises in tandem with increases in labor productivity. We will expand the channels for people to make work-based earnings and property income. We will see that government plays its function of adjusting redistribution, move faster to ensure equitable access to basic public services and narrow the gaps in incomes. |
| （三）加強社會保障體系建設。按照兜底線、織密網、建機制的要求，全面建成覆蓋全民、城鄉統籌、權責清晰、保障適度、可持續的多層次社會保障體系。全面實施全民參保計劃。完善城鎮職工基本養老保險和城鄉居民基本養老保險制度，儘快實現養老保險全國統籌。完善統一的城鄉居民基本醫療保險制度和大病保險制度。完善失業、工傷保險制度。建立全國統一的社會保險公共服務平台。統籌城鄉社會救助體系，完善最低生活保障制度。堅持男女平等基本國策，保障婦女兒童合法權益。完善社會救助、社會福利、慈善事業、優撫安置等制度，健全農村留守兒童和婦女、老年人關愛服務體系。發展殘疾人事業，加強殘疾康復服務。堅持房子是用來住的、不是用來炒的定位，加快建立多主體供給、多渠道保障、租購併舉的住房制度，讓全體人民住有所居。 | 3. Strengthening the social security system
We will act on the policy requirements to help those most in need, to build a tightly woven safety net, and to build the necessary institutions, as we work to develop a sustainable multi-tiered social security system that covers the entire population in both urban and rural areas, with clearly defined rights and responsibilities, and support that hits the right level. We will work to see that everyone has access to social security. We will improve the basic pension schemes for urban employees and for rural and non-working urban residents, and quickly bring pension schemes under national unified management. We will improve the unified systems of basic medical insurance and serious disease insurance for rural and non-working urban residents, and improve unemployment insurance and work-related injury insurance. We will establish a unified national platform for social security public services. We will promote the coordinated development of the social assistance systems for urban and rural residents, and improve the subsistence allowances system. We must adhere to the fundamental national policy of gender equality, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of women and minors. We will improve our systems for social assistance, social welfare, charity, and entitled groups』 benefits and services. We will improve the system for supporting and caring for children, women, and elderly people left behind in rural areas. We will develop programs for people with disabilities and work to provide better rehabilitation services for them. We must not forget that housing is for living in, not for speculation. With this in mind, we will move faster to put in place a housing system that ensures supply through multiple sources, provides housing support through multiple channels, and encourages both housing purchase and renting. This will make us better placed to meet the housing needs of all of our people. |
| （四）堅決打贏脫貧攻堅戰。讓貧困人口和貧困地區同全國一道進入全面小康社會是我們黨的莊嚴承諾。要動員全黨全國全社會力量，堅持精準扶貧、精準脫貧，堅持中央統籌省負總責市縣抓落實的工作機制，強化黨政一把手負總責的責任制，堅持大扶貧格局，注重扶貧同扶志、扶智相結合，深入實施東西部扶貧協作，重點攻克深度貧困地區脫貧任務，確保到二○二○年我國現行標準下農村貧困人口實現脫貧，貧困縣全部摘帽，解決區域性整體貧困，做到脫真貧、真脫貧。 | 4. Winning the battle against poverty
Seeing that poor people and poor areas will enter the moderately prosperous society together with the rest of the country is a solemn promise made by our Party. We should mobilize the energies of our whole Party, our whole country, and our whole society, and continue to implement targeted poverty reduction and alleviation measures. We will operate on the basis of a working mechanism whereby the central government makes overall plans, provincial-level governments take overall responsibility, and city and county governments ensure implementation; and we will strengthen the system for making heads of Party committees and governments at each level assume the overall responsibility for poverty alleviation. We will continue to advance poverty reduction drawing on the joint efforts of government, society, and the market. We will pay particular attention to helping people increase confidence in their own ability to lift themselves out of poverty and see that they can access the education they need to do so. We will strengthen collaboration on poverty alleviation between the eastern and western regions; and we will provide focused assistance to areas of extreme poverty. We must ensure that by the year 2020, all rural residents living below the current poverty line have been lifted out of poverty, and poverty is eliminated in all poor counties and regions. Poverty alleviation should reach those who truly need it and deliver genuine outcomes. |
| （五）實施健康中國戰略。人民健康是民族昌盛和國家富強的重要標誌。要完善國民健康政策，為人民群眾提供全方位全周期健康服務。深化醫藥衛生體制改革，全面建立中國特色基本醫療衛生制度、醫療保障制度和優質高效的醫療衛生服務體系，健全現代醫院管理制度。加強基層醫療衛生服務體系和全科醫生隊伍建設。全面取消以藥養醫，健全藥品供應保障制度。堅持預防為主，深入開展愛國衛生運動，倡導健康文明生活方式，預防控制重大疾病。實施食品安全戰略，讓人民吃得放心。堅持中西醫並重，傳承發展中醫藥事業。支持社會辦醫，發展健康產業。促進生育政策和相關經濟社會政策配套銜接，加強人口發展戰略研究。積極應對人口老齡化，構建養老、孝老、敬老政策體系和社會環境，推進醫養結合，加快老齡事業和產業發展。 | 5. Carrying out the Healthy China initiative
A healthy population is a key mark of a prosperous nation and a strong country. We will improve the national health policy, and ensure the delivery of comprehensive lifecycle health services for our people. We will deepen reform of the medicine and healthcare system, establish distinctively Chinese systems for providing basic healthcare, medical insurance, and quality and efficient healthcare services, and develop a sound modern hospital management system. We will improve community-level healthcare services, and strengthen the ranks of general practitioners. We will put an end to the practices of hospitals funding their operations with profits from overpriced drugs, and improve the system for medicine supply. We will, with emphasis on prevention, carry out extensive patriotic health campaigns, promote healthy and positive lifestyles, and prevent and control major diseases. We will initiate a food safety strategy to ensure that people have peace of mind about what they’re putting on their plates. We will support both traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine, and ensure the preservation and development of traditional Chinese medicine. We will support the development of private hospitals and health-related industries. We will work to ensure that our childbirth policy meshes with related economic and social policies, and carry out research on the population development strategy. As we respond proactively to population aging, we will adopt policies and foster a social environment in which senior citizens are respected, cared for, and live happily in their later years. We will provide integrated elderly care and medical services, and accelerate the development of old-age programs and industries. |
| （六）打造共建共治共享的社會治理格局。加強社會治理制度建設，完善黨委領導、政府負責、社會協同、公眾參與、法治保障的社會治理體制，提高社會治理社會化、法治化、智能化、專業化水平。加強預防和化解社會矛盾機制建設，正確處理人民內部矛盾。樹立安全發展理念，弘揚生命至上、安全第一的思想，健全公共安全體系，完善安全生產責任制，堅決遏制重特大安全事故，提升防災減災救災能力。加快社會治安防控體系建設，依法打擊和懲治黃賭毒黑拐騙等違法犯罪活動，保護人民人身權、財產權、人格權。加強社會心理服務體系建設，培育自尊自信、理性平和、積極向上的社會心態。加強社區治理體系建設，推動社會治理重心向基層下移，發揮社會組織作用，實現政府治理和社會調節、居民自治良性互動。 | 6. Establishing a social governance model based on collaboration, participation, and common interests
We will step up institution building in social governance and improve the law-based social governance model under which Party committees exercise leadership, government assumes responsibility, non-governmental actors provide assistance, and the public get involved. We will strengthen public participation and rule of law in social governance, and make such governance smarter and more specialized. We will improve mechanisms for preventing and defusing social tensions, and properly handle problems among the people. We will promote safe development, and raise public awareness that life matters most and that safety comes first; we will improve the public safety system and the responsibility system for workplace safety; we will take resolute measures to prevent serious and major accidents, and build up our capacity for disaster prevention, mitigation, and relief. We will accelerate development of the crime prevention and control system, combat and punish in accordance with law all illegal and criminal activities such as pornography, gambling, drug abuse, gang violence, kidnapping, and fraud, and protect people’s personal rights, property rights, and right to dignity. We will improve the system of public psychological services, and cultivate self-esteem, self-confidence, rationality, composure, and optimism among our people. We will strengthen the system for community governance, shift the focus of social governance to the community level, leverage the role of social organizations, and see that government’s governance efforts on the one hand and society’s self- regulation and residents』 self-governance on the other reinforce each other. |
| （七）有效維護國家安全。國家安全是安邦定國的重要基石，維護國家安全是全國各族人民根本利益所在。要完善國家安全戰略和國家安全政策，堅決維護國家政治安全，統籌推進各項安全工作。健全國家安全體系，加強國家安全法治保障，提高防範和抵禦安全風險能力。嚴密防範和堅決打擊各種滲透顛覆破壞活動、暴力恐怖活動、民族分裂活動、宗教極端活動。加強國家安全教育，增強全黨全國人民國家安全意識，推動全社會形成維護國家安全的強大合力。 | 7. Effectively safeguarding national security
National security is the cornerstone of peace and stability of our country, and safeguarding it is in the fundamental interests of the Chinese people of all ethnic groups. We will improve our national security strategy and policy, guarantee China’s political security, and take coordinated steps to ensure security in all areas. We will improve our national security system, strengthen rule of law measures to enhance national security, and enhance our capacity for forestalling and fending off security risks. We must rigorously protect against and take resolute measures to combat all acts of infiltration, subversion, and sabotage, as well as violent and terrorist activities, ethnic separatist activities, and religious extremist activities. We will strengthen efforts to raise awareness of national security among all Party members and all the people, and create a strong synergy of the whole society to safeguard national security. |
| 同志們！黨的一切工作必須以最廣大人民根本利益為最高標準。我們要堅持把人民群眾的小事當作自己的大事，從人民群眾關心的事情做起，從讓人民群眾滿意的事情做起，帶領人民不斷創造美好生活！ | Comrades,
Meeting the fundamental interests of all our people is the ultimate yardstick for judging all the work of our Party. The issues of concern to the people, be they big or small, should be handled with utmost care and attention. We must start with addressing issues of public concern, start with delivering the outcomes that satisfy public needs, and work without rest to lead our people in pursuing a better life. |
| 九、加快生態文明體制改革，建設美麗中國 | IX. Speeding up Reform of the System for Developing an Ecological Civilization, and Building a Beautiful China |
| 人與自然是生命共同體，人類必須尊重自然、順應自然、保護自然。人類只有遵循自然規律才能有效防止在開發利用自然上走彎路，人類對大自然的傷害最終會傷及人類自身，這是無法抗拒的規律。 | Man and nature form a community of life; we, as human beings, must respect nature, follow its ways, and protect it. Only by observing the laws of nature can mankind avoid costly blunders in its exploitation. Any harm we inflict on nature will eventually return to haunt us. This is a reality we have to face. |
| 我們要建設的現代化是人與自然和諧共生的現代化，既要創造更多物質財富和精神財富以滿足人民日益增長的美好生活需要，也要提供更多優質生態產品以滿足人民日益增長的優美生態環境需要。必須堅持節約優先、保護優先、自然恢復為主的方針，形成節約資源和保護環境的空間格局、產業結構、生產方式、生活方式，還自然以寧靜、和諧、美麗。 | The modernization that we pursue is one characterized by harmonious coexistence between man and nature. In addition to creating more material and cultural wealth to meet people’s ever-increasing needs for a better life, we need also to provide more quality ecological goods to meet people’s ever-growing demands for a beautiful environment. We should, acting on the principles of prioritizing resource conservation and environmental protection and letting nature restore itself, develop spatial layouts, industrial structures, and ways of work and life that help conserve resources and protect the environment. With this, we can restore the serenity, harmony, and beauty of nature. |
| （一）推進綠色發展。加快建立綠色生產和消費的法律制度和政策導向，建立健全綠色低碳循環發展的經濟體系。構建市場導向的綠色技術創新體系，發展綠色金融，壯大節能環保產業、清潔生產產業、清潔能源產業。推進能源生產和消費革命，構建清潔低碳、安全高效的能源體系。推進資源全面節約和循環利用，實施國家節水行動，降低能耗、物耗，實現生產系統和生活系統循環鏈接。倡導簡約適度、綠色低碳的生活方式，反對奢侈浪費和不合理消費，開展創建節約型機關、綠色家庭、綠色學校、綠色社區和綠色出行等行動。 | 1. Promoting green development
We will step up efforts to establish a legal and policy framework that promotes green production and consumption, and promote a sound economic structure that facilitates green, low-carbon, and circular development. We will create a market-based system for green technology innovation, develop green finance, and spur the development of energy-saving and environmental protection industries as well as clean production and clean energy industries. We will promote a revolution in energy production and consumption, and build an energy sector that is clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient. We will encourage conservation across the board and promote recycling, take action to get everyone conserving water, cut consumption of energy and materials, and establish linkages between the circular use of resources and materials in industrial production and in everyday life. We encourage simple, moderate, green, and low-carbon ways of life, and oppose extravagance and excessive consumption. We will launch initiatives to make Party and government offices do better when it comes to conservation, and develop eco-friendly families, schools, communities, and transport services. |
| （二）着力解決突出環境問題。堅持全民共治、源頭防治，持續實施大氣污染防治行動，打贏藍天保衛戰。加快水污染防治，實施流域環境和近岸海域綜合治理。強化土壤污染管控和修復，加強農業面源污染防治，開展農村人居環境整治行動。加強固體廢棄物和垃圾處置。提高污染排放標準，強化排污者責任，健全環保信用評價、信息強制性披露、嚴懲重罰等制度。構建政府為主導、企業為主體、社會組織和公眾共同參與的環境治理體系。積極參與全球環境治理，落實減排承諾。 | 2. Solving prominent environmental problems
We will get everyone involved in improving the environment and address environmental issues at the root. We will continue our campaign to prevent and control air pollution to make our skies blue again. We will speed up prevention and control of water pollution, and take comprehensive measures to improve river basins and offshore areas. We will strengthen the control of soil pollution and the restoration of polluted soil, intensify the prevention and control of agricultural pollution from non-point sources, and take measures to improve rural living environments. We will improve the treatment of solid waste and garbage. We will enforce stricter pollutants discharge standards and see to it that polluters are held accountable. We will improve our systems for credibility assessment based on environmental protection performance, for mandatory release of environmental information, and for imposing severe punishment for environmental violations. We will establish an environmental governance system in which government takes the lead, enterprises assume main responsibility, and social organizations and the public also participate. We will get actively involved in global environmental governance and fulfill our commitments on emissions reduction. |
| （三）加大生態系統保護力度。實施重要生態系統保護和修復重大工程，優化生態安全屏障體系，構建生態廊道和生物多樣性保護網絡，提升生態系統質量和穩定性。完成生態保護紅線、永久基本農田、城鎮開發邊界三條控制線劃定工作。開展國土綠化行動，推進荒漠化、石漠化、水土流失綜合治理，強化濕地保護和恢復，加強地質災害防治。完善天然林保護制度，擴大退耕還林還草。嚴格保護耕地，擴大輪作休耕試點，健全耕地草原森林河流湖泊休養生息制度，建立市場化、多元化生態補償機制。 | 3. Intensifying the protection of ecosystems
We will carry out major projects to protect and restore key ecosystems, improve the system of shields for ecological security, and develop ecological corridors and biodiversity protection networks, so as to strengthen the quality and stability of our ecosystems. We will complete work on drawing redlines for protecting the ecosystems, designating permanent basic cropland, and delineating boundaries for urban development. We will promote afforestation, take comprehensive steps to control desertification, stony deserts, and soil erosion, strengthen wetland conservation and restoration, and better prevent and control geological disasters. We will improve the system for protecting natural forests, and turn more marginal farmland into forests and grasslands. We will rigorously protect farmland and expand trials in crop rotation and keeping land fallow. We will improve systems for regeneration of croplands, grasslands, forests, rivers, and lakes, and set up diversified market-based mechanisms for ecological compensation. |
| （四）改革生態環境監管體制。加強對生態文明建設的總體設計和組織領導，設立國有自然資源資產管理和自然生態監管機構，完善生態環境管理制度，統一行使全民所有自然資源資產所有者職責，統一行使所有國土空間用途管制和生態保護修復職責，統一行使監管城鄉各類污染排放和行政執法職責。構建國土空間開發保護制度，完善主體功能區配套政策，建立以國家公園為主體的自然保護地體系。堅決制止和懲處破壞生態環境行為。 | 4. Reforming the environmental regulation system
We will strengthen overall planning, organization, and leadership for building an ecological civilization. We will establish regulatory agencies to manage state-owned natural resource assets and monitor natural ecosystems, and improve environmental management systems. These agencies will, in a unified way, perform the duties of the owner of public-owned natural resource assets, the duties of regulating the use of all territorial space and protecting and restoring ecosystems, and the duties of monitoring the discharge of all pollutants in urban and rural areas and conducting administrative law enforcement. We will establish systems for developing and protecting territorial space, improve supporting policies on functional zones, and develop a nature reserves system composed mainly of national parks. We will take tough steps to stop and punish all activities that damage the environment. |
| 同志們！生態文明建設功在當代、利在千秋。我們要牢固樹立社會主義生態文明觀，推動形成人與自然和諧發展現代化建設新格局，為保護生態環境作出我們這代人的努力！ | Comrades,
What we are doing today to build an ecological civilization will benefit generations to come. We should have a strong commitment to socialist ecological civilization and work to develop a new model of modernization with humans developing in harmony with nature. We must do our generation’s share to protect the environment. |
| 十、堅持走中國特色強軍之路，全面推進國防和軍隊現代化 | X. Staying Committed to the Chinese Path of Building Strong Armed Forces and Fully Advancing the Modernization of National Defense and the Military |
| 國防和軍隊建設正站在新的歷史起點上。面對國家安全環境的深刻變化，面對強國強軍的時代要求，必須全面貫徹新時代黨的強軍思想，貫徹新形勢下軍事戰略方針，建設強大的現代化陸軍、海軍、空軍、火箭軍和戰略支援部隊，打造堅強高效的戰區聯合作戰指揮機構，構建中國特色現代作戰體系，擔當起黨和人民賦予的新時代使命任務。 | We have reached a new historical starting point in strengthening national defense and the armed forces. Confronted with profound changes in our national security environment and responding to the demands of the day for a strong country with a strong military, we must fully implement the Party’s thinking on strengthening the military for the new era and the military strategy for new conditions, build a powerful and modernized army, navy, air force, rocket force, and strategic support force, develop strong and efficient joint operations commanding institutions for theater commands, and create a modern combat system with distinctive Chinese characteristics. Our armed forces must be up to shouldering the missions and tasks of the new era entrusted to them by the Party and the people. |
| 適應世界新軍事革命發展趨勢和國家安全需求，提高建設質量和效益，確保到二○二○年基本實現機械化，信息化建設取得重大進展，戰略能力有大的提升。同國家現代化進程相一致，全面推進軍事理論現代化、軍隊組織形態現代化、軍事人員現代化、武器裝備現代化，力爭到二○三五年基本實現國防和軍隊現代化，到本世紀中葉把人民軍隊全面建成世界一流軍隊。 | We will adapt to the trend of a new global military revolution and to national security needs; we will upgrade our military capabilities, and see that, by the year 2020, mechanization is basically achieved, IT application has come a long way, and strategic capabilities have seen a big improvement. In step with our country’s modernization process, we will modernize our military across the board in terms of theory, organizational structure, service personnel, and weaponry. We will make it our mission to see that by 2035, the modernization of our national defense and our forces is basically completed; and that by the mid-21st century our people’s armed forces have been fully transformed into world-class forces. |
| 加強軍隊黨的建設，開展「傳承紅色基因、擔當強軍重任」主題教育，推進軍人榮譽體系建設，培養有靈魂、有本事、有血性、有品德的新時代革命軍人，永葆人民軍隊性質、宗旨、本色。繼續深化國防和軍隊改革，深化軍官職業化制度、文職人員制度、兵役制度等重大政策制度改革，推進軍事管理革命，完善和發展中國特色社會主義軍事制度。樹立科技是核心戰鬥力的思想，推進重大技術創新、自主創新，加強軍事人才培養體系建設，建設創新型人民軍隊。全面從嚴治軍，推動治軍方式根本性轉變，提高國防和軍隊建設法治化水平。 | We will strengthen Party building in the military. We will launch activities under the theme of 「passing on the traditions of revolution; stepping up to the task of making the military strong.」 We will move forward with the development of the military honors system. We will train the revolutionary officers and soldiers of a new era with faith, ability, courage, and integrity, and see that our forces forever preserve their nature, purpose, and character as the forces of the people.
We will continue to deepen national defense and military reform. We will further the reform of major policy systems, including the career officers system, the system for posting civilian personnel in the military, and the military service system. We will push ahead with transformation of military management, and improve and develop our distinctively Chinese socialist military institutions. We must keep it firm in our minds that technology is the core combat capability, encourage innovations in major technologies, and conduct innovations independently. We will strengthen the system for training military personnel, and make our people’s forces more innovative. We will govern the military with strict discipline in every respect, push for a fundamental transformation in the way our military is run, and strengthen the role of rule of law in enhancing national defense and military capabilities. |
| 軍隊是要準備打仗的，一切工作都必須堅持戰鬥力標準，向能打仗、打勝仗聚焦。紮實做好各戰略方向軍事鬥爭準備，統籌推進傳統安全領域和新型安全領域軍事鬥爭準備，發展新型作戰力量和保障力量，開展實戰化軍事訓練，加強軍事力量運用，加快軍事智能化發展，提高基於網絡信息體系的聯合作戰能力、全域作戰能力，有效塑造態勢、管控危機、遏制戰爭、打贏戰爭。 | A military is built to fight. Our military must regard combat capability as the criterion to meet in all its work and focus on how to win when it is called on. We will take solid steps to ensure military preparedness for all strategic directions, and make progress in combat readiness in both traditional and new security fields. We will develop new combat forces and support forces, conduct military training under combat conditions, strengthen the application of military strength, speed up development of intelligent military, and improve combat capabilities for joint operations based on the network information system and the ability to fight under multi-dimensional conditions. This will enable us to effectively shape our military posture, manage crises, and deter and win wars. |
| 堅持富國和強軍相統一，強化統一領導、頂層設計、改革創新和重大項目落實，深化國防科技工業改革，形成軍民融合深度發展格局，構建一體化的國家戰略體系和能力。完善國防動員體系，建設強大穩固的現代邊海空防。組建退役軍人管理保障機構，維護軍人軍屬合法權益，讓軍人成為全社會尊崇的職業。深化武警部隊改革，建設現代化武裝警察部隊。 | We should ensure that efforts to make our country prosperous and efforts to make our military strong go hand in hand. We will strengthen unified leadership, top-level design, reform, and innovation. We will speed up implementation of major projects, deepen reform of defense-related science, technology, and industry, achieve greater military-civilian integration, and build integrated national strategies and strategic capabilities. We will improve our national defense mobilization system, and build a strong, well-structured, and modern border defense, coastal defense, and air defense. We will establish an administration for veterans; we will protect the legitimate rights and interests of military personnel and their families; and we will make military service an occupation that enjoys public respect. We will carry out further reforms to build a modernized armed police force. |
| 同志們！我們的軍隊是人民軍隊，我們的國防是全民國防。我們要加強全民國防教育，鞏固軍政軍民團結，為實現中國夢強軍夢凝聚強大力量！ | Comrades,
Our military is the people’s military, and our national defense is the responsibility of every one of us. We must raise public awareness about the importance of national defense and strengthen unity between the government and the military and between the people and the military. Let us work together to create a mighty force for realizing the Chinese Dream and the dream of building a powerful military. |
| 十一、堅持「一國兩制」，推進祖國統一 | XI. Upholding 「One Country, Two Systems」 and Moving toward National Reunification |
| 香港、澳門回歸祖國以來，「一國兩制」實踐取得舉世公認的成功。事實證明，「一國兩制」是解決歷史遺留的香港、澳門問題的最佳方案，也是香港、澳門回歸後保持長期繁榮穩定的最佳制度。 | Since Hong Kong and Macao’s return to the motherland, the practice of 「one country, two systems」 in both regions has been a resounding success. The policy of 「one country, two systems」 has proved to be the best solution to the questions of Hong Kong and Macao, left by history, and the best institutional guarantee for the long-term prosperity and stability of Hong Kong and Macao after their return. |
| 保持香港、澳門長期繁榮穩定，必須全面準確貫徹「一國兩制」、「港人治港」、「澳人治澳」、高度自治的方針，嚴格依照憲法和基本法辦事，完善與基本法實施相關的制度和機制。要支持特別行政區政府和行政長官依法施政、積極作為，團結帶領香港、澳門各界人士齊心協力謀發展、促和諧，保障和改善民生，有序推進民主，維護社會穩定，履行維護國家主權、安全、發展利益的憲制責任。 | To maintain long-term prosperity and stability in Hong Kong and Macao, it is imperative to fully and faithfully implement the policies of 「one country, two systems,」 「the people of Hong Kong governing Hong Kong,」 「the people of Macao governing Macao,」 and a high degree of autonomy for both regions. It is imperative too, to act in strict compliance with China’s Constitution and the basic laws of the two special administrative regions, and to improve the systems and mechanisms for enforcing the basic laws.
We will continue to support the governments and chief executives of both regions in pursuing the following endeavors: exercising law-based governance, uniting and leading the people of all sectors in an active and concerted effort to promote development and harmony, ensuring and improving people’s wellbeing, taking well-ordered steps to advance democracy, maintaining law and order, and fulfilling the constitutional responsibility of safeguarding China’s sovereignty, security, and development interests. |
| 香港、澳門發展同內地發展緊密相連。要支持香港、澳門融入國家發展大局，以粵港澳大灣區建設、粵港澳合作、泛珠三角區域合作等為重點，全面推進內地同香港、澳門互利合作，制定完善便利香港、澳門居民在內地發展的政策措施。 | The development of Hong Kong and Macao is closely tied up with that of the mainland. We will continue to support Hong Kong and Macao in integrating their own development into the overall development of the country. We will give priority to the development of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, cooperation between Guangdong, Hong Kong, and Macao, and regional cooperation in the pan-Pearl River Delta, thus fully advancing mutually beneficial cooperation between the mainland and the two regions. We will formulate and improve policies and measures to make it more convenient for people from Hong Kong and Macao to develop careers on the mainland. |
| 我們堅持愛國者為主體的「港人治港」、「澳人治澳」，發展壯大愛國愛港愛澳力量，增強香港、澳門同胞的國家意識和愛國精神，讓香港、澳門同胞同祖國人民共擔民族復興的歷史責任、共享祖國繁榮富強的偉大榮光。 | We will remain committed to the policy for the Hong Kong people to govern Hong Kong and the Macao people to govern Macao, with patriots playing the principal role. We will develop and strengthen the ranks of patriots who love both our country and their regions, and foster greater patriotism and a stronger sense of national identity among the people in Hong Kong and Macao. With this, our compatriots in Hong Kong and Macao will share both the historic responsibility of national rejuvenation and the pride of a strong and prosperous China. |
| 解決台灣問題、實現祖國完全統一，是全體中華兒女共同願望，是中華民族根本利益所在。必須繼續堅持「和平統一、一國兩制」方針，推動兩岸關係和平發展，推進祖國和平統一進程。 | Resolving the Taiwan question to realize China’s complete reunification is the shared aspiration of all Chinese people, and is in the fundamental interests of the Chinese nation. We must uphold the principles of 「peaceful reunification」 and」one country, two systems,」 work for the peaceful development of cross-Straits relations, and advance the process toward the peaceful reunification of China. |
| 一個中國原則是兩岸關係的政治基礎。體現一個中國原則的「九二共識」明確界定了兩岸關係的根本性質，是確保兩岸關係和平發展的關鍵。承認「九二共識」的歷史事實，認同兩岸同屬一個中國，兩岸雙方就能開展對話，協商解決兩岸同胞關心的問題，台灣任何政黨和團體同大陸交往也不會存在障礙。 | The one-China principle is the political foundation of cross-Straits relations. The 1992 Consensus embodies the one-China principle and defines the fundamental nature of cross-Straits relations; it thus holds the key to the peaceful development of relations between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits. Recognize the historical fact of the 1992 Consensus and that the two sides both belong to one China, and then our two sides can conduct dialogue to address through discussion the concerns of the people of both sides, and no political party or group in Taiwan will have any difficulty conducting exchanges with the mainland. |
| 兩岸同胞是命運與共的骨肉兄弟，是血濃於水的一家人。我們秉持「兩岸一家親」理念，尊重台灣現有的社會制度和台灣同胞生活方式，願意率先同台灣同胞分享大陸發展的機遇。我們將擴大兩岸經濟文化交流合作，實現互利互惠，逐步為台灣同胞在大陸學習、創業、就業、生活提供與大陸同胞同等的待遇，增進台灣同胞福祉。我們將推動兩岸同胞共同弘揚中華文化，促進心靈契合。 | Blood is thicker than water. People on both sides of the Taiwan Straits are brothers and sisters; we share the bond of kinship. Guided by the conviction that we are all of the same family, we respect the current social system and way of life in Taiwan and are ready to share the development opportunities on the mainland with our Taiwan compatriots first. We will expand cross-Straits economic and cultural exchanges and cooperation for mutual benefits.
We will ensure that over time, people from Taiwan will enjoy the same treatment as local people when they pursue their studies, start businesses, seek jobs, or live on the mainland, thus improving the wellbeing of Taiwan compatriots. We will encourage people from both sides to work together to promote Chinese culture and forge closer bonds between them. |
| 我們堅決維護國家主權和領土完整，絕不容忍國家分裂的歷史悲劇重演。一切分裂祖國的活動都必將遭到全體中國人堅決反對。我們有堅定的意志、充分的信心、足夠的能力挫敗任何形式的「台獨」分裂圖謀。我們絕不允許任何人、任何組織、任何政黨、在任何時候、以任何形式、把任何一塊中國領土從中國分裂出去！ | We stand firm in safeguarding China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity, and will never allow the historical tragedy of national division to repeat itself. Any separatist activity is certain to meet with the resolute opposition of the Chinese people. We have the resolve, the confidence, and the ability to defeat separatist attempts for 「Taiwan independence」 in any form. We will never allow anyone, any organization, or any political party, at any time or in any form, to separate any part of Chinese territory from China! |
| 同志們！實現中華民族偉大復興，是全體中國人共同的夢想。我們堅信，只要包括港澳台同胞在內的全體中華兒女順應歷史大勢、共擔民族大義，把民族命運牢牢掌握在自己手中，就一定能夠共創中華民族偉大復興的美好未來！ | Comrades,
Realizing the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation is a dream shared by all of us as Chinese. We remain firm in our conviction that, as long as all the sons and daughters of the Chinese nation, including our compatriots in Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan, follow the tide of history, work together for the greater national interests, and keep our nation’s destiny firmly in our own hands, we will, without doubt, be able to achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. |
| 十二、堅持和平發展道路，推動構建人類命運共同體 | XII. Following a Path of Peaceful Development and Working to Build a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind |
| 中國共產黨是為中國人民謀幸福的政黨，也是為人類進步事業而奮鬥的政黨。中國共產黨始終把為人類作出新的更大的貢獻作為自己的使命。 | The Communist Party of China strives for both the wellbeing of the Chinese people and human progress. To make new and greater contributions for mankind is our Party’s abiding mission. |
| 中國將高舉和平、發展、合作、共贏的旗幟，恪守維護世界和平、促進共同發展的外交政策宗旨，堅定不移在和平共處五項原則基礎上發展同各國的友好合作，推動建設相互尊重、公平正義、合作共贏的新型國際關係。 | China will continue to hold high the banner of peace, development, cooperation, and mutual benefit and uphold its fundamental foreign policy goal of preserving world peace and promoting common development. China remains firm in its commitment to strengthening friendship and cooperation with other countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, and to forging a new form of international relations featuring mutual respect, fairness, justice, and win-win cooperation. |
| 世界正處於大發展大變革大調整時期，和平與發展仍然是時代主題。世界多極化、經濟全球化、社會信息化、文化多樣化深入發展，全球治理體系和國際秩序變革加速推進，各國相互聯繫和依存日益加深，國際力量對比更趨平衡，和平發展大勢不可逆轉。同時，世界面臨的不穩定性不確定性突出，世界經濟增長動能不足，貧富分化日益嚴重，地區熱點問題此起彼伏，恐怖主義、網絡安全、重大傳染性疾病、氣候變化等非傳統安全威脅持續蔓延，人類面臨許多共同挑戰。 | The world is undergoing major developments, transformation, and adjustment, but peace and development remain the call of our day. The trends of global multi-polarity, economic globalization, IT application, and cultural diversity are surging forward; changes in the global governance system and the international order are speeding up; countries are becoming increasingly interconnected and interdependent; relative international forces are becoming more balanced; and peace and development remain irreversible trends.
And yet, as a world we face growing uncertainties and destabilizing factors. Global economic growth lacks energy; the gap between rich and poor continues to widen; hotspot issues arise often in some regions; and unconventional security threats like terrorism, cyber-insecurity, major infectious diseases, and climate change continue to spread. As human beings we have many common challenges to face. |
| 我們生活的世界充滿希望，也充滿挑戰。我們不能因現實複雜而放棄夢想，不能因理想遙遠而放棄追求。沒有哪個國家能夠獨自應對人類面臨的各種挑戰，也沒有哪個國家能夠退回到自我封閉的孤島。 | Our world is full of both hope and challenges. We should not give up on our dreams because the reality around us is too complicated; we should not stop pursuing our ideals because they seem out of our reach. No country can address alone the many challenges facing mankind; no country can afford to retreat into self-isolation. |
| 我們呼籲，各國人民同心協力，構建人類命運共同體，建設持久和平、普遍安全、共同繁榮、開放包容、清潔美麗的世界。要相互尊重、平等協商，堅決摒棄冷戰思維和強權政治，走對話而不對抗、結伴而不結盟的國與國交往新路。要堅持以對話解決爭端、以協商化解分歧，統籌應對傳統和非傳統安全威脅，反對一切形式的恐怖主義。要同舟共濟，促進貿易和投資自由化便利化，推動經濟全球化朝着更加開放、包容、普惠、平衡、共贏的方向發展。要尊重世界文明多樣性，以文明交流超越文明隔閡、文明互鑒超越文明衝突、文明共存超越文明優越。要堅持環境友好，合作應對氣候變化，保護好人類賴以生存的地球家園。 | We call on the people of all countries to work together to build a community with a shared future for mankind, to build an open, inclusive, clean, and beautiful world that enjoys lasting peace, universal security, and common prosperity. We should respect each other, discuss issues as equals, resolutely reject the Cold War mentality and power politics, and take a new approach to developing state-to-state relations with communication, not confrontation, and with partnership, not alliance. We should commit to settling disputes through dialogue and resolving differences through discussion, coordinate responses to traditional and non-traditional threats, and oppose terrorism in all its forms.
We should stick together through thick and thin, promote trade and investment liberalization and facilitation, and make economic globalization more open, inclusive, and balanced so that its benefits are shared by all. We should respect the diversity of civilizations. In handling relations among civilizations, let us replace estrangement with exchange, clashes with mutual learning, and superiority with coexistence. We should be good friends to the environment, cooperate to tackle climate change, and protect our planet for the sake of human survival. |
| 中國堅定奉行獨立自主的和平外交政策，尊重各國人民自主選擇發展道路的權利，維護國際公平正義，反對把自己的意志強加於人，反對干涉別國內政，反對以強凌弱。中國決不會以犧牲別國利益為代價來發展自己，也決不放棄自己的正當權益，任何人不要幻想讓中國吞下損害自身利益的苦果。中國奉行防禦性的國防政策。中國發展不對任何國家構成威脅。中國無論發展到什麼程度，永遠不稱霸，永遠不搞擴張。 | China remains firm in pursuing an independent foreign policy of peace. We respect the right of the people of all countries to choose their own development path. We endeavor to uphold international fairness and justice, and oppose acts that impose one’s will on others or interfere in the internal affairs of others as well as the practice of the strong bullying the weak.
China will never pursue development at the expense of others』 interests, but nor will China ever give up its legitimate rights and interests. No one should expect us to swallow anything that undermines our interests. China pursues a national defense policy that is in nature defensive. China’s development does not pose a threat to any other country. No matter what stage of development it reaches, China will never seek hegemony or engage in expansion. |
| 中國積極發展全球夥伴關係，擴大同各國的利益交匯點，推進大國協調和合作，構建總體穩定、均衡發展的大國關係框架，按照親誠惠容理念和與鄰為善、以鄰為伴周邊外交方針深化同周邊國家關係，秉持正確義利觀和真實親誠理念加強同發展中國家團結合作。加強同各國政黨和政治組織的交流合作，推進人大、政協、軍隊、地方、人民團體等的對外交往。 | China has actively developed global partnerships and expanded the convergence of interests with other countries. China will promote coordination and cooperation with other major countries and work to build a framework for major country relations featuring overall stability and balanced development. China will deepen relations with its neighbors in accordance with the principle of amity, sincerity, mutual benefit, and inclusiveness and the policy of forging friendship and partnership with its neighbors. China will, guided by the principle of upholding justice while pursuing shared interests and the principle of sincerity, real results, affinity, and good faith, work to strengthen solidarity and cooperation with other developing countries. We will strengthen exchanges and cooperation with the political parties and organizations of other countries, and encourage people’s congresses, CPPCC committees, the military, local governments, and people’s organizations to engage in exchanges with other countries. |
| 中國堅持對外開放的基本國策，堅持打開國門搞建設，積極促進「一帶一路」國際合作，努力實現政策溝通、設施聯通、貿易暢通、資金融通、民心相通，打造國際合作新平台，增添共同發展新動力。加大對發展中國家特別是最不發達國家援助力度，促進縮小南北發展差距。中國支持多邊貿易體制，促進自由貿易區建設，推動建設開放型世界經濟。 | China adheres to the fundamental national policy of opening up and pursues development with its doors open wide. China will actively promote international cooperation through the Belt and Road Initiative. In doing so, we hope to achieve policy, infrastructure, trade, financial, and people-to-people connectivity and thus build a new platform for international cooperation to create new drivers of shared development.
China will increase assistance to other developing countries, especially the least developed countries, and do its part to reduce the North-South development gap. China will support multilateral trade regimes and work to facilitate the establishment of free trade areas and build an open world economy. |
| 中國秉持共商共建共享的全球治理觀，倡導國際關係民主化，堅持國家不分大小、強弱、貧富一律平等，支持聯合國發揮積極作用，支持擴大發展中國家在國際事務中的代表性和發言權。中國將繼續發揮負責任大國作用，積極參與全球治理體系改革和建設，不斷貢獻中國智慧和力量。 | China follows the principle of achieving shared growth through discussion and collaboration in engaging in global governance. China stands for democracy in international relations and the equality of all countries, big or small, strong or weak, rich or poor. China supports the United Nations in playing an active role in international affairs, and supports the efforts of other developing countries to increase their representation and strengthen their voice in international affairs. China will continue to play its part as a major and responsible country, take an active part in reforming and developing the global governance system, and keep contributing Chinese wisdom and strength to global governance. |
| 同志們！世界命運握在各國人民手中，人類前途繫於各國人民的抉擇。中國人民願同各國人民一道，推動人類命運共同體建設，共同創造人類的美好未來！ | Comrades,
The future of the world rests in the hands of the people of all countries; the future of mankind hinges on the choices they make. We, the Chinese, are ready to work with the people of all other countries to build a community with a shared future for mankind and create a bright tomorrow for all of us. |
| 十三、堅定不移全面從嚴治黨，不斷提高黨的執政能力和領導水平 | XIII. Exercising Strict Governance over the Party and Improving the Party’s Ability to Govern and Lead |
| 中國特色社會主義進入新時代，我們黨一定要有新氣象新作為。打鐵必須自身硬。黨要團結帶領人民進行偉大鬥爭、推進偉大事業、實現偉大夢想，必須毫不動搖堅持和完善黨的領導，毫不動搖把黨建設得更加堅強有力。 | As socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era, our Party must get a new look and make new accomplishments. As the saying goes, it takes a good blacksmith to make good steel. For the Party to unite the people and lead them in carrying out our great struggle, advancing our great cause, and realizing our great dream, we must unwaveringly uphold and improve Party leadership and make the Party still stronger. |
| 全面從嚴治黨永遠在路上。一個政黨，一個政權，其前途命運取決於人心向背。人民群眾反對什麼、痛恨什麼，我們就要堅決防範和糾正什麼。全黨要清醒認識到，我們黨面臨的執政環境是複雜的，影響黨的先進性、弱化黨的純潔性的因素也是複雜的，黨內存在的思想不純、組織不純、作風不純等突出問題尚未得到根本解決。要深刻認識黨面臨的執政考驗、改革開放考驗、市場經濟考驗、外部環境考驗的長期性和複雜性，深刻認識黨面臨的精神懈怠危險、能力不足危險、脫離群眾危險、消極腐敗危險的尖銳性和嚴峻性，堅持問題導向，保持戰略定力，推動全面從嚴治黨向縱深發展。 | Ensuring Party self-governance is exercised fully and strictly is a journey to which there’s no end. The future of a political party or a government is determined by whether it enjoys public support. We must guard against and correct with resolve the practices the people oppose and resent. The whole Party must be soberly aware that the governance environment our Party faces is complex, and that so too are the factors undermining the Party’s advanced nature and purity; prominent problems of impurity in thinking, organization, and conduct in the Party have not been solved root and branch.
We must fully recognize the long-term and complex nature of the tests confronting the Party as they relate to governance, reform and opening up, the market economy, and the external environment. We must also fully recognize the intensity and severity of the dangers of a lack of drive, incompetence, disengagement from the people, inaction, and corruption. So we must focus on solving problems, maintain strategic resolve, and ensure strict Party self-governance. |
| 新時代黨的建設總要求是：堅持和加強黨的全面領導，堅持黨要管黨、全面從嚴治黨，以加強黨的長期執政能力建設、先進性和純潔性建設為主線，以黨的政治建設為統領，以堅定理想信念宗旨為根基，以調動全黨積極性、主動性、創造性為着力點，全面推進黨的政治建設、思想建設、組織建設、作風建設、紀律建設，把制度建設貫穿其中，深入推進反腐敗鬥爭，不斷提高黨的建設質量，把黨建設成為始終走在時代前列、人民衷心擁護、勇於自我革命、經得起各種風浪考驗、朝氣蓬勃的馬克思主義執政黨。 | The general requirements for Party building for the new era are:
· Uphold and strengthen overall Party leadership and ensure that the Party exercises effective self-supervision and practices strict self-governance in every respect; · Take strengthening the Party’s long-term governance capacity and its advanced nature and purity as the main thrust; take enhancing the Party’s political building as the overarching principle; take holding dear the Party’s ideals, convictions, and purpose as the underpinning; and take harnessing the whole Party’s enthusiasm, initiative, and creativity as the focus of efforts; · Make all-round efforts to see the Party’s political building enhanced, its theory strengthened, its organizations consolidated, its conduct improved, and its discipline enforced, with institution building incorporated into every aspect of Party building; · Step up efforts to combat corruption and continue to improve the efficacy of Party building; · Build the Party into a vibrant Marxist governing party that is always at the forefront of the times, enjoys the wholehearted support of the people, has the courage to reform itself, and is able to withstand all tests. |
| （一）把黨的政治建設擺在首位。旗幟鮮明講政治是我們黨作為馬克思主義政黨的根本要求。黨的政治建設是黨的根本性建設，決定黨的建設方向和效果。保證全黨服從中央，堅持黨中央權威和集中統一領導，是黨的政治建設的首要任務。全黨要堅定執行黨的政治路線，嚴格遵守政治紀律和政治規矩，在政治立場、政治方向、政治原則、政治道路上同黨中央保持高度一致。要尊崇黨章，嚴格執行新形勢下黨內政治生活若干準則，增強黨內政治生活的政治性、時代性、原則性、戰鬥性，自覺抵制商品交換原則對黨內生活的侵蝕，營造風清氣正的良好政治生態。完善和落實民主集中制的各項制度，堅持民主基礎上的集中和集中指導下的民主相結合，既充分發揚民主，又善於集中統一。弘揚忠誠老實、公道正派、實事求是、清正廉潔等價值觀，堅決防止和反對個人主義、分散主義、自由主義、本位主義、好人主義，堅決防止和反對宗派主義、圈子文化、碼頭文化，堅決反對搞兩面派、做兩面人。全黨同志特別是高級幹部要加強黨性鍛煉，不斷提高政治覺悟和政治能力，把對黨忠誠、為黨分憂、為黨盡職、為民造福作為根本政治擔當，永葆共產黨人政治本色。 | 1. Putting the Party’s political building first
Taking a clear political stand is the fundamental requirement our Party must meet as a Marxist party. The Party’s political building is of fundamental importance to the Party as it determines the direction and efficacy of Party building. The primary task of political Party building is to ensure that the whole Party obeys the Central Committee and upholds its authority and centralized, unified leadership. All Party members must closely follow the Party’s political line, strictly observe its political discipline and rules, and closely align themselves with the Central Committee in terms of political stance, direction, principle, and path. Every member of the Party must hold the Party Constitution in great reverence, act in strict accordance with the code of conduct for intraparty political life under new circumstances, and make intraparty activities more politically oriented, up-to-date, principled, and effective. We must guard against the rules of business dealings eroding intraparty conduct, and foster a healthy political atmosphere of integrity within the Party. We must improve and implement the systems of democratic centralism, and practice both democracy-based centralism and centralism-guided democracy. This means we should both give full play to democracy and practice centralism on this basis. We must foster values like loyalty, honesty, impartiality, adherence to fact, and integrity; guard against and oppose self-centered behavior, decentralism, behavior in disregard of the rules, a silo mentality, unprincipled nice-guyism, and sectarianism, factionalism, and patronage. We must resolutely oppose double-dealing and duplicity. All Party members, especially high-ranking officials, must strengthen their Party consciousness, political awareness, and political ability. We must regard it as our fundamental political responsibility to be loyal to the Party, share the Party’s concerns, fulfill our obligations to the Party, and work for the people’s wellbeing, and forever preserve the political character of Communists. |
| （二）用新時代中國特色社會主義思想武裝全黨。思想建設是黨的基礎性建設。革命理想高於天。共產主義遠大理想和中國特色社會主義共同理想，是中國共產黨人的精神支柱和政治靈魂，也是保持黨的團結統一的思想基礎。要把堅定理想信念作為黨的思想建設的首要任務，教育引導全黨牢記黨的宗旨，挺起共產黨人的精神脊梁，解決好世界觀、人生觀、價值觀這個「總開關」問題，自覺做共產主義遠大理想和中國特色社會主義共同理想的堅定信仰者和忠實實踐者。弘揚馬克思主義學風，推進「兩學一做」學習教育常態化制度化，以縣處級以上領導幹部為重點，在全黨開展「不忘初心、牢記使命」主題教育，用黨的創新理論武裝頭腦，推動全黨更加自覺地為實現新時代黨的歷史使命不懈奮鬥。 | 2. Arming the whole Party with the Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era
Theory is fundamental to Party building. Our revolutionary ideals soar beyond the skies. The noble ideal of Communism and the shared ideal of socialism with Chinese characteristics are our source of strength and political soul as Chinese Communists; they also form the theoretical foundation of Party solidarity and unity. Our top priority in building the Party through theory is to stay true to our ideals and convictions. We should make all Party members keep firmly in mind the Party’s purpose, have unwavering convictions as Communists, resolve the fundamental issue of the worldview, outlook on life, and values we should embrace, and maintain deep belief in and faithfully practice Communism and socialism with Chinese characteristics. We will foster a Marxist style of learning, and make it regular practice and an institutionalized requirement for all Party members to gain a good command of the Party Constitution, Party regulations, and related major policy addresses and to meet Party standards. We will launch a campaign on the theme of 「staying true to our founding mission」 to enable all Party members, especially officials at and above the county and director level, to arm themselves with the Party’s new theories and become more purposeful in working tirelessly to accomplish the Party’s historic mission in the new era. |
| （三）建設高素質專業化幹部隊伍。黨的幹部是黨和國家事業的中堅力量。要堅持黨管幹部原則，堅持德才兼備、以德為先，堅持五湖四海、任人唯賢，堅持事業為上、公道正派，把好幹部標準落到實處。堅持正確選人用人導向，匡正選人用人風氣，突出政治標準，提拔重用牢固樹立「四個意識」和「四個自信」、堅決維護黨中央權威、全面貫徹執行黨的理論和路線方針政策、忠誠乾淨擔當的幹部，選優配強各級領導班子。注重培養專業能力、專業精神，增強幹部隊伍適應新時代中國特色社會主義發展要求的能力。大力發現儲備年輕幹部，注重在基層一線和困難艱苦的地方培養鍛煉年輕幹部，源源不斷選拔使用經過實踐考驗的優秀年輕幹部。統籌做好培養選拔女幹部、少數民族幹部和黨外幹部工作。認真做好離退休幹部工作。堅持嚴管和厚愛結合、激勵和約束並重，完善幹部考核評價機制，建立激勵機制和容錯糾錯機制，旗幟鮮明為那些敢於擔當、踏實做事、不謀私利的幹部撐腰鼓勁。各級黨組織要關心愛護基層幹部，主動為他們排憂解難。 | 3. Training a contingent of competent and professional officials
Party officials are a central pillar of strength for the cause of our Party and country. We must adhere to the principle of the Party supervising officials; select officials on the basis of both integrity and ability, with priority given to integrity, and on the basis of merit regardless of background; and ensure that those who are dedicated, impartial, and upright should be appointed. We must implement in earnest the criteria for evaluating good officials. In selecting and appointing officials, we must adopt the right approach, with emphasis on political performance. We will promote and put in important positions those Party officials who do well according to the following criteria: they maintain political integrity, think in terms of the big picture, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment with the central Party leadership; they have full confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics; they uphold the authority of the Central Committee and faithfully follow the Party’s theories, lines, principles, and policies; and they are loyal to the Party, have moral integrity, and demonstrate a keen sense of responsibility. We will strengthen leadership teams at all levels by appointing competent officials. We will take seriously the development of specialized expertise and professionalism, and enhance Party officials』 ability to meet the requirements of developing socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. We will work harder to identify promising young officials and get them well prepared for future jobs. We will focus on their practical training in local communities, in work on the frontline, and in areas where conditions are harsh, and work to produce a constant stream of outstanding young officials who have passed the test of practice. We will ensure coordinated training and selection of female officials, officials from ethnic minorities, and non-Party officials. We will ensure that retired officials are well taken care of. We will be both strict and caring, and place equal emphasis on providing incentives and imposing constraints. We will improve the performance assessment and evaluation system for officials, institute incentive mechanisms and mechanisms to allow for and address errors, and take a clear stand in supporting officials who are willing to assume responsibility, who take a down-to-earth approach in their work, and who do not seek personal gain. Party organizations at every level should care about officials working at the primary level, and help solve the problems and difficulties they encounter. |
| 人才是實現民族振興、贏得國際競爭主動的戰略資源。要堅持黨管人才原則，聚天下英才而用之，加快建設人才強國。實行更加積極、更加開放、更加有效的人才政策，以識才的慧眼、愛才的誠意、用才的膽識、容才的雅量、聚才的良方，把黨內和黨外、國內和國外各方面優秀人才集聚到黨和人民的偉大奮鬥中來，鼓勵引導人才向邊遠貧困地區、邊疆民族地區、革命老區和基層一線流動，努力形成人人渴望成才、人人努力成才、人人皆可成才、人人盡展其才的良好局面，讓各類人才的創造活力競相迸發、聰明才智充分涌流。 | People with talent are a strategic resource for China as it endeavors to achieve national rejuvenation and stay ahead in international competition. We must follow the principle of the Party exercising leadership over personnel, assemble the best minds across the land and draw fully on their expertise, and step up efforts to make China a talent-strong country.
We will pursue a more proactive, open, and effective policy on training competent professionals. We should value people with talent, be good at identifying talent, have the foresight to employ them, be earnest to keep them, and welcome them into our ranks. This will better enable us to attract bright people from both within and outside the Party and both in China and abroad to join us in pursuing the great endeavor of the Party and the people. We will encourage and guide people with talent to work in remote poor areas, border areas with mainly ethnic minority populations, and old revolutionary base areas, as well as in communities and on the frontlines. We will work to foster a positive environment in which everyone wants, strives, and is able to excel themselves, and can do full justice to their talents. With this, we aim to see that in every field the creativity of talent is given great expression and their ingenuity and expertise flow freely. |
| （四）加強基層組織建設。黨的基層組織是確保黨的路線方針政策和決策部署貫徹落實的基礎。要以提升組織力為重點，突出政治功能，把企業、農村、機關、學校、科研院所、街道社區、社會組織等基層黨組織建設成為宣傳黨的主張、貫徹黨的決定、領導基層治理、團結動員群眾、推動改革發展的堅強戰鬥堡壘。黨支部要擔負好直接教育黨員、管理黨員、監督黨員和組織群眾、宣傳群眾、凝聚群眾、服務群眾的職責，引導廣大黨員發揮先鋒模範作用。堅持「三會一課」制度，推進黨的基層組織設置和活動方式創新，加強基層黨組織帶頭人隊伍建設，擴大基層黨組織覆蓋面，着力解決一些基層黨組織弱化、虛化、邊緣化問題。擴大黨內基層民主，推進黨務公開，暢通黨員參與黨內事務、監督黨的組織和幹部、向上級黨組織提出意見和建議的渠道。注重從產業工人、青年農民、高知識群體中和在非公有制經濟組織、社會組織中發展黨員。加強黨內激勵關懷幫扶。增強黨員教育管理針對性和有效性，穩妥有序開展不合格黨員組織處置工作。 | 4. Strengthening primary-level Party organizations
Primary-level Party organizations do the groundwork to ensure the Party’s lines, principles, policies, decisions, and plans are implemented. We will work to ensure that primary-level Party organizations in enterprises, villages, Party and government departments, schools, research institutes, sub-districts, communities, and social organizations play a key role in communicating the Party’s propositions, carrying out the Party’s decisions, overseeing community-level social governance, uniting and mobilizing the people, and promoting reform and development. In doing so, we will focus on improving the organizational capability of primary-level Party organizations and give priority to enhancing their political functions. Party branches should fulfill their responsibilities for directly guiding, managing, and overseeing their members and for organizing, communicating with, uniting, and serving the people. They should encourage their members to play an exemplary role. We must practice the system of holding Party branch general meetings, meetings of Party branch committees, Party group meetings, and Party lectures. We will develop new ways for setting up primary-level Party organizations and for them to carry out their activities, strengthen the training of their heads, and expand their reach. We must work harder to address the problems that some primary-level Party organizations are weak, ineffective, and marginalized. We will expand intraparty democracy at the primary level, make Party affairs more transparent, and ensure channels are open for Party members to participate in Party affairs, oversee Party organizations and officials, and submit opinions and suggestions to the Party organization at the next level up. We will do more to recruit new Party members from among industrial workers, young people working in agriculture, well-educated groups, and people working in non-public economic entities and social organizations. We will give more incentives, solicitude, and assistance to Party members. We will make our guidance and management of Party members better targeted and more effective, and handle Party members that don’t meet the mark in a prudent and orderly way. |
| （五）持之以恆正風肅紀。我們黨來自人民、植根人民、服務人民，一旦脫離群眾，就會失去生命力。加強作風建設，必須緊緊圍繞保持黨同人民群眾的血肉聯繫，增強群眾觀念和群眾感情，不斷厚植黨執政的群眾基礎。凡是群眾反映強烈的問題都要嚴肅認真對待，凡是損害群眾利益的行為都要堅決糾正。堅持以上率下，鞏固拓展落實中央八項規定精神成果，繼續整治「四風」問題，堅決反對特權思想和特權現象。重點強化政治紀律和組織紀律，帶動廉潔紀律、群眾紀律、工作紀律、生活紀律嚴起來。堅持開展批評和自我批評，堅持懲前毖後、治病救人，運用監督執紀「四種形態」，抓早抓小、防微杜漸。賦予有幹部管理權限的黨組相應紀律處分權限，強化監督執紀問責。加強紀律教育，強化紀律執行，讓黨員、幹部知敬畏、存戒懼、守底線，習慣在受監督和約束的環境中工作生活。 | 5. Working ceaselessly to improve Party conduct and enforce Party discipline
Our Party comes from the people, has its roots among the people, and is dedicated to serving the people. Once the Party becomes disengaged from the people, it will lose its vitality. In improving Party conduct, we must focus on maintaining the Party’s close bond with the people, keep them firmly in mind, develop a closer affinity with them, and keep working to foster stronger public support for the Party’s governance. We must earnestly address all issues the people are strongly concerned about, and resolutely correct any behavior that undermines the people’s interests. Our Party officials should lead by example in consolidating and building on the advances made in implementing the central Party leadership’s eight-point decision on improving Party and government conduct. We should continue to address the practice of formalities for formalities』 sake, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance, and oppose mindsets and acts of privilege seeking. We will focus on strengthening the enforcement of political and organizational discipline, and use this to prompt stricter observance of discipline on upholding integrity, on interacting with the people, and regarding work and life. We will continue to carry out criticism and self-criticism in keeping with the principle of learning from mistakes to prevent recurrence and treating the illness to save the patient. We will conduct four forms of oversight over discipline compliance, identify problems early and correct them while they are nascent. Party organizations with the power to supervise officials will be given corresponding power to take disciplinary action as called for, and accountability for overseeing discipline compliance will be tightened up on. We will raise Party members』 awareness of discipline and strengthen discipline enforcement, and demand that Party members and officials hold discipline in awe and respect, do not cross the line, and become used to working and living under oversight and constraints. |
| （六）奪取反腐敗鬥爭壓倒性勝利。人民群眾最痛恨腐敗現象，腐敗是我們黨面臨的最大威脅。只有以反腐敗永遠在路上的堅韌和執着，深化標本兼治，保證幹部清正、政府清廉、政治清明，才能跳出歷史周期率，確保黨和國家長治久安。當前，反腐敗鬥爭形勢依然嚴峻複雜，鞏固壓倒性態勢、奪取壓倒性勝利的決心必須堅如磐石。要堅持無禁區、全覆蓋、零容忍，堅持重遏制、強高壓、長震懾，堅持受賄行賄一起查，堅決防止黨內形成利益集團。在市縣黨委建立巡察制度，加大整治群眾身邊腐敗問題力度。不管腐敗分子逃到哪裡，都要緝拿歸案、繩之以法。推進反腐敗國家立法，建設覆蓋紀檢監察系統的檢舉舉報平台。強化不敢腐的震懾，扎牢不能腐的籠子，增強不想腐的自覺，通過不懈努力換來海晏河清、朗朗乾坤。 | 6. Securing a sweeping victory in the fight against corruption
The people resent corruption most; and corruption is the greatest threat our Party faces. We must have the resolve and tenacity to persevere in the never-ending fight against corruption. Only by intensifying efforts to address both the symptoms and root causes of corruption—by making sure that officials are honest, government is clean, and political affairs are handled with integrity—can we avoid history’s cycle of rise and fall and ensure the long-term stability of the Party and the country. Currently, the fight against corruption remains grave and complex; we must remain as firm as a rock in our resolve to build on the overwhelming momentum and secure a sweeping victory. We will continue to see that there are no no-go zones, no ground is left unturned, and no tolerance is shown for corruption. We will impose tight constraints, maintain a tough stance and a long-term deterrence, punish both those who take bribes and those who offer them, and prevent interest groups from arising within the Party. We will institute a system of disciplinary inspection for city and county level Party committees in an intensified effort to address corruption that occurs on the people’s doorsteps. Wherever offenders may flee, they will be brought back and brought to justice. We will work for the adoption of national anti-corruption legislation and create a corruption reporting platform that covers both disciplinary inspection commissions and supervision agencies. We will strengthen deterrence so officials don’t dare to, strengthen the cage of institutions so they’re unable to, and strengthen their vigilance so they have no desire to commit acts of corruption. Our political environment will, through tireless efforts, like seas fallen calm and rivers running clear, be clean and free of corruption. |
| （七）健全黨和國家監督體系。增強黨自我淨化能力，根本靠強化黨的自我監督和群眾監督。要加強對權力運行的制約和監督，讓人民監督權力，讓權力在陽光下運行，把權力關進制度的籠子。強化自上而下的組織監督，改進自下而上的民主監督，發揮同級相互監督作用，加強對黨員領導幹部的日常管理監督。深化政治巡視，堅持發現問題、形成震懾不動搖，建立巡視巡察上下聯動的監督網。深化國家監察體制改革，將試點工作在全國推開，組建國家、省、市、縣監察委員會，同黨的紀律檢查機關合署辦公，實現對所有行使公權力的公職人員監察全覆蓋。制定國家監察法，依法賦予監察委員會職責權限和調查手段，用留置取代「兩規」措施。改革審計管理體制，完善統計體制。構建黨統一指揮、全面覆蓋、權威高效的監督體系，把黨內監督同國家機關監督、民主監督、司法監督、群眾監督、輿論監督貫通起來，增強監督合力。 | 7. Improving Party and state oversight systems
To improve the Party’s ability to purify itself, it is essential that we strengthen Party self-supervision and subject ourselves to public oversight. We must strengthen checks on and oversight over the exercise of power, and ensure that power is exercised under public oversight, in broad daylight, and in an institutional cage. We will strengthen top-down organizational oversight, improve bottom-up democratic oversight, practice peer oversight, and tighten regular supervision over Party members in positions of leadership. We will intensify political inspection to identify problems and ensure that deterrence works; we will establish an oversight network that facilitates coordination in disciplinary inspections conducted at different levels. We will deepen reform of the national supervision system, conduct trials throughout the country, and establish supervisory commissions at the national, provincial, prefectural, and county levels, which work together with the Party’s disciplinary inspection commissions as one office while keeping their own identity. This will ensure that supervision covers everyone working in the public sector who exercises public power. A national supervision law will be formulated. Supervisory commissions will be given responsibilities, powers, and means of investigation in accordance with law. The practice of shuanggui1 will be replaced by detention. We will reform the auditing management system and improve the statistics system. We will establish an authoritative, efficient oversight system with complete coverage under the Party’s unified command; and integrate intraparty oversight with oversight by state organs, democratic oversight, judicial oversight, public oversight, and oversight through public opinion. All this will create a powerful synergy for conducting oversight. |
| （八）全面增強執政本領。領導十三億多人的社會主義大國，我們黨既要政治過硬，也要本領高強。要增強學習本領，在全黨營造善於學習、勇於實踐的濃厚氛圍，建設馬克思主義學習型政黨，推動建設學習大國。增強政治領導本領，堅持戰略思維、創新思維、辯證思維、法治思維、底線思維，科學制定和堅決執行黨的路線方針政策，把黨總攬全局、協調各方落到實處。增強改革創新本領，保持銳意進取的精神風貌，善於結合實際創造性推動工作，善於運用互聯網技術和信息化手段開展工作。增強科學發展本領，善於貫徹新發展理念，不斷開創發展新局面。增強依法執政本領，加快形成覆蓋黨的領導和黨的建設各方面的黨內法規制度體系，加強和改善對國家政權機關的領導。增強群眾工作本領，創新群眾工作體制機制和方式方法，推動工會、共青團、婦聯等群團組織增強政治性、先進性、群眾性，發揮聯繫群眾的橋梁紐帶作用，組織動員廣大人民群眾堅定不移跟黨走。增強狠抓落實本領，堅持說實話、謀實事、出實招、求實效，把雷厲風行和久久為功有機結合起來，勇於攻堅克難，以釘釘子精神做實做細做好各項工作。增強駕馭風險本領，健全各方面風險防控機制，善於處理各種複雜矛盾，勇於戰勝前進道路上的各種艱難險阻，牢牢把握工作主動權。 | 8. Strengthening every dimension of our ability for governance
To lead a large socialist country of more than 1.3 billion people, our Party must be both politically strong and highly competent. We should be good at learning. We will foster a strong atmosphere of learning and practicing in the Party, and build our Party into a Marxist learning party. We will nurture a love of learning in our people. We should be good at exercising political leadership. We should adopt a strategic perspective, and develop creative thinking and a dialectical approach to thinking; we should think in terms of the rule of law, and think about worst-case scenarios. We should formulate sound Party lines, principles, and policies and resolutely implement them, ensuring that the Party exercises overall leadership and coordinates work in all areas. We should be good reformers and pioneers. We should be enterprising, work creatively in light of actual conditions, and adeptly apply information technology, including the internet, in our work. We should be good at promoting sound development. We should effectively put into practice the new development philosophy, and continue to break new ground in development. We should be good at exercising law-based governance. We will act more quickly to put in place a system of Party rules and regulations that covers all aspects of Party leadership and Party building, and strengthen and improve Party leadership over bodies of state power. We should be good at engaging with the people. We will develop new systems, mechanisms, ways, and means for this work. We will urge trade unions, Chinese Communist Youth League organizations, women’s federations, and other people’s organizations to strengthen their political consciousness, become more advanced, and better represent the people; to play their role as bridges linking the Party with the people; and to organize and motivate the people to follow the Party. We should be good at implementing policy. We should be open and frank, take effective measures to address real issues, and seek good outcomes. We should be ready both to act resolutely and swiftly and to make sustained efforts to tackle tough issues head-on. We should have the perseverance to hammer away until a task is done, and make concrete, meticulous, and effective efforts in all our work. We should be good at managing risks. We will improve risk prevention and control mechanisms in all areas, skillfully handle various complex issues, overcome all difficulties and obstacles that we meet on our way, and keep a firm hold on the initiative in our work. |
| 同志們！偉大的事業必須有堅強的黨來領導。只要我們黨把自身建設好、建設強，確保黨始終同人民想在一起、干在一起，就一定能夠引領承載着中國人民偉大夢想的航船破浪前進，勝利駛向光輝的彼岸！ | Comrades,
A great cause calls for leadership of a strong party. As long as our Party keeps itself competent and strong, always remains true to the people’s aspiration and works in concert with the people, we can and will navigate the great ship bearing the great dream of the Chinese people to conquer the waves and reach our destination. |
| 同志們！中華民族是歷經磨難、不屈不撓的偉大民族，中國人民是勤勞勇敢、自強不息的偉大人民，中國共產黨是敢於鬥爭、敢於勝利的偉大政黨。歷史車輪滾滾向前，時代潮流浩浩蕩蕩。歷史只會眷顧堅定者、奮進者、搏擊者，而不會等待猶豫者、懈怠者、畏難者。全黨一定要保持艱苦奮鬥、戒驕戒躁的作風，以時不我待、只爭朝夕的精神，奮力走好新時代的長征路。全黨一定要自覺維護黨的團結統一，保持黨同人民群眾的血肉聯繫，鞏固全國各族人民大團結，加強海內外中華兒女大團結，團結一切可以團結的力量，齊心協力走向中華民族偉大復興的光明前景。 | Comrades,
The Chinese nation is a great nation; it has been through hardships and adversity but remains indomitable. The Chinese people are a great people; they are industrious and brave; and they never pause in the pursuit of progress. The Communist Party of China is a great party; it has the courage to fight and the mettle to win. The wheels of history roll on; the tides of the times are vast and mighty. History looks kindly on those with resolve, with drive and ambition, and with plenty of guts; it won’t wait for the hesitant, the apathetic, or those shy of a challenge. All of us in the Party must work hard and live simply, guard against arrogance and impetuosity; and lose no time in progressing along the long march of the new era. We must conscientiously safeguard the solidarity and unity of the Party, maintain the Party’s deep bond with the people, and strengthen the great unity of the Chinese people of all ethnic groups and the great unity of all the sons and daughters of the Chinese nation at home and abroad. We must unite all the forces that can be united and work as one to progress toward the brilliant future of national rejuvenation. |
| 青年興則國家興，青年強則國家強。青年一代有理想、有本領、有擔當，國家就有前途，民族就有希望。中國夢是歷史的、現實的，也是未來的；是我們這一代的，更是青年一代的。中華民族偉大復興的中國夢終將在一代代青年的接力奮鬥中變為現實。全黨要關心和愛護青年，為他們實現人生出彩搭建舞台。廣大青年要堅定理想信念，志存高遠，腳踏實地，勇做時代的弄潮兒，在實現中國夢的生動實踐中放飛青春夢想，在為人民利益的不懈奮鬥中書寫人生華章！ | A nation will prosper only when its young people thrive; a country will be full of hope and have a great tomorrow only when its younger generations have ideals, ability, and a strong sense of responsibility. The Chinese Dream is a dream about history, the present, and the future. It is a dream of our generation, but even more so, a dream of the younger generations. The Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation will be realized ultimately through the endeavors of young people, generation by generation.
All of us in the Party should care about young people and set the stage for them to excel. To all our young people, you should have firm ideals and convictions, aim high, and have your feet firmly on the ground. You should ride the waves of your day; and in the course of realizing the Chinese Dream, fulfill your youthful dreams, and write a vivid chapter in your tireless endeavors to serve the interests of the people. |
| 大道之行，天下為公。站立在九百六十多萬平方公里的廣袤土地上，吸吮着五千多年中華民族漫長奮鬥積累的文化養分，擁有十三億多中國人民聚合的磅礴之力，我們走中國特色社會主義道路，具有無比廣闊的時代舞台，具有無比深厚的歷史底蘊，具有無比強大的前進定力。全黨全國各族人民要緊密團結在黨中央周圍，高舉中國特色社會主義偉大旗幟，銳意進取，埋頭苦幹，為實現推進現代化建設、完成祖國統一、維護世界和平與促進共同發展三大歷史任務，為決勝全面建成小康社會、奪取新時代中國特色社會主義偉大勝利、實現中華民族偉大復興的中國夢、實現人民對美好生活的嚮往繼續奮鬥！ | A just cause should be pursued for the common good. Rooted in a land of more than 9.6 million square kilometers, nourished by a nation’s culture of more than 5,000 years, and backed by the invincible force of more than 1.3 billion people, we have an infinitely vast stage of our era, a historical heritage of unmatched depth, and incomparable resolve that enable us to forge ahead on the road of socialism with Chinese characteristics.
We, the entire Party and the Chinese people of all ethnic groups, should rally closely around the Party Central Committee, and hold high the banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics. We should keep on working with great determination to accomplish the three historic tasks of advancing modernization, realizing China’s reunification, and preserving world peace and promoting common development; we should secure a decisive victory in finishing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects, strive for the great success of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era, realize the Chinese Dream of national rejuvenation, and see that our people realize their aspirations for a better life. |
本作品來自1949年10月1日（含）之後的中國共產黨文件。根據《刑事審判參考》指導案例第680號[CPC 1]，中國共產黨的中央組織（包括黨的全國代表大會、中央委員會及其各直屬機構[CPC 2]）制定的公文，可視為《中華人民共和國著作權法》第五條規定之「具有立法、司法、行政性質的文件」，不適用於著作權法保護，所以屬於公有領域。
- ↑ 《刑事審判參考》2011年第1集，總第78集，最高人民法院刑事審判第一、二、三、四、五庭共同主辦，法律出版社出版。亦可參考北京市高級人民法院研究室的一篇文章。
- ↑ 據2024年社群共識，國務院（及其組成部門和具有行政管理職能的直屬機構以及法律規定的機構）、全國人大常委會（及其各專門委員會）、最高人民檢察院、最高人民法院（及其巡迴法庭等機構）黨組（機關黨組、分黨組、黨組小組、黨組性質的黨委）等中央國家機關黨組制定的公文，視同「直屬機構」制定。
中國共產黨的領導人講話和其它文件是否屬於以上範圍，在中文維基文庫社群中存在爭議。在有進一步共識之前，本模板的使用僅限於以上所列之文件。對於已超出《中華人民共和國著作權法》所規定保護期的其他中國共產黨文件，應使用版權失效模板。
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