雅爾達秘約及雅爾達（克里米亞）會議報告
又名：苏美英三国关于日本的协定及克里米亚（雅尔塔）会議公报
1946年4月

雅爾達會議報告（即克里米亞會議）

(一九四五年二月十一日)

過去八日間美國大總統羅斯福,大不列顛首相邱吉爾,與蘇維埃社會主義共和國聯邦人民委員主席史達林各偕外長,參謀總長及其他顧問會議於克里米亞。

政府三首腦外,有左列人員參與會議:

美國方面：

國務卿斯退汀紐斯;

總統參謀長海軍元帥李希;

總統特別助理柏鏗斯;

陸軍參謀總長陸軍元帥馬歇爾;

海軍軍令部長兼海軍總司令海軍元帥金格;

陸軍勤務總司令陸軍中將蘇麥費爾;

戰時航運管理局長海軍中將藍特;

陸軍航空部隊司令參謀長陸軍少將顧特;

駐蘇聯大使哈里曼;

國務院歐洲司長馬太時;

國務院特別政務局副局長希斯;

國務卿助理波;

及其他政治,軍事及技術顧問。

英國方面：

外務大臣艾登:

戰時運輸大臣勒特士勛爵;

駐蘇聯大使寇爾爵士;

常任外務次官賈德幹,

戰時內閣祂書布里奇:

帝國參謀總長陸軍元帥布洛克;

空軍參謀總長空軍元帥多爾;

海軍大臣海軍元帥克篝渾;

國防大臣參謀長陸軍上將伊斯邁爵士,

地中海戰區聯合國最高統帥亞歷山大，

駐華盛頓英國聯合參謀團團長陸軍元帥威爾遜;

駐華盛頓英國聯合參謀團海軍上將麥菲爾;

及軍事外交顧問。

蘇聯方面：

外交人民委員長莫洛托夫;

海軍人民委員長海軍上將古慈涅佐夫;

紅軍參謀副總長陸軍元帥安永諾夫;

外交人民副委員長維欣斯基;

空軍元帥古狄雅可夫;

駐英國大使谷塞夫;

駐美國大使菖洛米柯。

美國大總統,英國首相,蘇聯人民委員會主席對克里米會議結果,發表左列聲明:

擊敗德國

余等業經考慮并决定三聯合國最後擊敗共同敵人之軍事計劃。在會議期内,三聯合國軍事參謀部亦逐日開會。從各種觀點言,此等聚會均極爲圓滿,結果三聯合國之軍事努力益加密切整齊劃一,爲前所未有。經充份交換情報。所人將用陸空軍自東西北三面進攻德國腹心,施以新而尤較有力之打擊，其時間,範圍,與步調一致經已完全同意,并有詳細計劃。

吾人之聯合軍事計劃,須俟執行時始行發表,但余等相信三國參謀部在本會議所獲得之密切協力 ·結果必將戰爭縮短。將來凡遇有必要時,三國參謀部尙將繼續開會。

納粹德國已居末日。德國人民企圖作無益之抵抗,惟有使其戰敗之代價加增重。

佔領及管制德國

余等業已實施無條件投降條款之共同政策與計劃,將於德國武力抵抗擊潰後,共同施諸納粹德國 ,是項條款在未完成最後擊敗德國前,暫不公布。依照所同意之計劃,三國軍隊將各別佔領德國之一區域。本計劃幷經規定設立劃一之行政管制,由三國最高統帥合組中央管制委員會,會址設於柏林。又經同意法國如願意,當由三國邀請佔領一區,參加管制委員會爲委員之一。法國【佔領】區之界限，——當由四關係國政府經歐洲諮詢委員會議定之。

余等絕不改變之目的爲摧毀德國黷武主義與納粹主義,確保德國不能再行擾亂世界和平。余等决意將德國全部軍隊解除武裝,加以遣散;永遠解散一再計謀使德國黷武主義復活之德國參謀本部；移運或摧毀德國一切軍事設備;剷除或管制德國一切可用作軍事生產之工業;將所有戰爭罪犯應以公正而敏速之懲罰并令其以實物賠償德軍所造成之破壞;肅清納粹黨,納粹法令,組織及制度, 除納粹黨在公共機關,德國人民文化經濟生活内之勢力;並協同對德國採取爲未來世界和平與安全所必需之其他辦法。余等之目的并不欲毀滅德國民族,然惟須俟納粹主義與黷武主義撲滅後德國人民始有得過高尚生活,及在國家羣中有其地位之希望。

德國之賠償

余等會考慮及德國在此次戰爭中使聯合所受損害之問題,承認令德國以實物賠償是項損害至可能最大限度,實爲正當。故將設立損害賠償委員會,令其考慮關於德國使聯合國所受損害賠償之限度與方法問題。該委員會將在莫斯科工作。

聯合國會議

余等决議儘可能早日與各盟國建立一國際總組織以維持和平及安全。余等相信爲防止世界與對於由一切愛好和平民族密切繼續提携消除戰爭之政治,經濟,社會原因,此舉均屬必要。

丹巴頓橡樹會議業已健立基礎,惟對投票程序問題未得協議。木會已能將此困難加以解决。

余等已同意應於一九四五年四月二十五日在美國舊金山舉行聯合國會議,以便照丹巴頓橡樹非正式會議所建議之綱領準備此組織之憲章。

對中國政府與法國臨時政府應立即與之諮商,并邀其與美英蘇共同發起此會議。一經與中法兩國諮商完畢，即將關於投票程序之建議文公布。

對解放歐洲之宣言

蘇聯總理,英國首相,與美國大總統爲其各本國人民及解决之歐洲人民利益着想,業已舉行協商。茲聯合宣布其相互協議•在解放歐洲暫時之不安定時期內,使三國政府之政策協調一致,以協助自德國統治下被解放之各民族,及歐洲前軸心各衛星國之人民以民主方法解决其急迫之政治經濟問題。歐洲秩序之建立與國民經濟生活之重建,應由使解放之人民能摧毀納粹主義及法西主義地盤及創立自擇之民主制度之方法達成之。此乃大西洋憲章之一原則——即各民族有權自擇在其下生活之政體 ——恢復各民族被世界國家强迫放棄之主權與自治。

爲培養被解放民族得以行使此等權利之狀況,三國政府對歐洲任何被解放國家,或前軸心衛星國之人民,依其判斷,其狀况需(甲)建立國內和平狀况;(乙)施行被划人民救濟之緊急處置;(丙) 組設臨時政府機關,網羅人民間民主份子代表,并儘速由自由選舉建立響應人民意志之政府;(丁 ) 凡有需要便利舉行此等選舉,當聯合予以協助。三國政府於凡考慮之事件,與其他歐洲聯合國:及臨時當局或其他政府有關時,當與之諮商。

任何歐洲被解放國家,或前歐洲軸心衛星國之情况:依三國政府之意見,需要作此行動時,當即共同協商必要之辦法以履行本宣言所列舉之責任。

由本宣言,余等重申誠信大西洋憲章原則之誠信,對遵守聯合國宣言,并决心與其他愛好和平國家合作建立在法律下,致力於和平,安全,自由及人類一般福祉之世界秩序。

波蘭

三强之發布本宣言,希望法國臨時政府能與共同進行所提議之程序。

波蘭因由紅軍完全加以解放之結果,已造成一新的局勢。因此需要設立一波蘭臨時政府,俾較在波蘭西部最近解放前有比較廣泛之基礎。因之現在波蘭行使政權之臨時政府:應照較廣泛之民主基礎加以改組,容納波蘭境內及在國外之波蘭領袖。此新政府應稱爲波蘭全國統一臨時政府。

茲授權莫洛托夫,哈里曼,寇爾爵士以委員會之資格,先在莫斯科與現在臨時政府人員協商,再與波蘭國內及國外民主領袖協商,以期依照上列綱領改組現在臨時政府。此波蘭臨時全國統一政府須承担迅速依普遍參政與祕密投票之基礎,舉行自由而不受拘束之選舉。在此等選舉中,各民主及反粹黨派均應有權參加幷提出候選人。

波蘭全國統一臨時政府依照上列安善組織後,蘇聯政府 (現已與波蘭現在臨時政府保有外交關係),英國政府與美國政府均當與波蘭全國統一臨時政府建立外交關係交換派遣大使:各國政府當根據其報告隨時獲悉波蘭之情勢。

三國政府首腦認爲波蘭東境邊界應沿寇松線伸出五公里至八公里。又承認對西部及北部應得相當實在之領土。又覺應得地區之程度:當徵詢波蘭全國統一臨時政府之意見,而波蘭西境邊界之最後劃定,則當候和平會議解决。

南斯拉夫

余等同意向蒂多元帥及蘇巴齊博士建議彼等間之協議應立即付諸實施,幷應以該協議爲基礎組織新政府。

余等井建議新政府一經組織成立,應即宣布:

(一)反法西斯之國民解放議會應予擴充·容納舊南斯拉夫國會未與敵人提携之議員,以便組成一臨時國會;

(二)反法西斯之全國解放議會所通過之法案,以後應經一立法議會批准。

對巴爾幹其他問題,亦嘗作一般的檢討,

外長會議

在全部會議中,除政府首腦及外長每日開會外,三國外長及其顧問亦每日分別舉行會議。

此等會議經證明有極大之價值,故本會議同意,應成立永久機構,俾三國外長經常協商。故各外長當視情形需要,時常會議,大致每隔三月或四月舉行一次。是項會議應輪流在三國首都舉行,首次會議地點定在倫敦,時期,在聯合國世界組織會議之後。

照會戰爭而團結爲和平而團結

余等此次在克里米亞舉行之會議,已重申共同决心,在未來之和平中,維持井加強會使聯合國在今次戰爭中可能而確定獲得勝利之目的與行動之團結。余等相信此爲我三國政府對其人民及世界人民所負之神聖義務。

惟有我三國間及全體愛好和平國家間之合作與了解繼續增長:人類最高之願望, ——即得有安全而永久之和平,將各大西洋憲章所云,足使全世界人類怨可自由生活,無所恐懼,亦不虞匱乏——方能實現。

今次戰爭之勝利,與擬議之國際組織之建立,將供備歷史上最大之機會:以在未來年代中,創造此種和平之主要情况。

一九四五年二月十一日

邱吉爾(簽)

羅斯福(簽)

史達林(簽)

自雅爾達協定發表後,引起了各方的批評和反響,最有權威而能代表一切的是外交部情報司長何鳳山的談話,他於回答記者詢問中國對該協定的反響中說:

『中國因未參預,故不受其約束,中蘇關係,將僅以中蘇友好條約爲依據。』

關於該協定的成立及發表的經過,美國聯合社二月十三日舊金山電訊有詳細的敍述,前譯載全文於下,以供讀者參攷:

雅爾達協定是成立於一九四四年二月十一日,即雅爾達會議(按:又稱克里米亞會議)的最後一天, 與會的有羅斯福總統,史達林委員長,邱吉爾首相。依該協定規定,俄國有條件的同意加入對日作戰。

俄國於八月八日參戰,料想是按照預定。紅軍克服了千島,南庫頁島,朝鮮北部和滿洲。史達林在他的勝利强說中告訴俄國人,蘇聯當得回南庫頁島和千島,這是在一九〇四年日俄之戰中失於日本的。

一九四五年九月四日,國務卿貝爾納斯告訴新聞記者。美國並不反對俄國對千島和南庫頁島的立場……不過他說這件事將來尙須作確定的解决。

以後沉靜了一個時期,直至一九四六年初,日本從千島和庫頁島發出的消息說,俄國佔領軍搬取家眷及其他有作永久佔領的模樣。華盛頓官員也是同樣的說。

一月廿二日,副國務卿亞契遜說照他的了解, 俄國的佔領祇是暫時的,而蘇俄官方塔斯通信社却於一月廿六日宣稱奉命發表雅爾達協定『明白規定』戰事終了後千島當交與俄國,南庫頁島及附近各島亦將歸還。

一月廿九日,貝爾納斯於答覆記者詢問中發表,在投降前他無所知, 雖然軍方各參謀長在美國(?)參戰時已經完全知道。他指出在俄國參戰前宣布的不可能,并且說他找不出有什麼理由該協定到這時候還不予公布。

但是國務院說這事須與英俄兩方協商。該協定卒於前日公布,揭示出答允給俄國的, 不僅是千島和庫頁島:

而且還有在滿洲的權利,此層已由與中國新訂的一項條約使其正式化。

現在俄國眞理報說這次公布應可使全世界相信『蘇聯履行條約和協定是何等謹慎,何守正確。]

有兩個問題還待解答的:第一,美英外交對於與中國的必要接洽,參加了那一部份?第二,與英俄的關於公布的談判,何以不早些舉行?

因爲雅爾達祕密協定是雅爾達會談的產物,所以連雅爾達會議的報告全文也附印於此,以便與另印專冊的波次坦會議報告相參閱,

雅爾達密約

( 一九四五年二月十一日蘇聯史達林元帥,美國故總統羅斯福,與英國前首相邱吉爾訂立一九四六年二月十日在華盛頓,倫敦,莫斯科同時公布)

蘇美英三強領袖業已議定,蘇聯於德國投降,及歐洲戰爭結束後二三個月內,當參加盟國方面, 對日宣戰,其條件爲:

外蒙古(即蒙古人民共和國)之現狀,應加以保存。

蘇聯應恢復以前俄羅斯帝國之權利,此權利因一九〇四年日本之詭譎攻擊受破壞: (甲)南庫頁島及其毗連之各島,歸返蘇聯。

(乙)大連商港,應闢爲國際港,蘇聯在該港之優越權利,應獲保障,旅順仍復爲蘇聯所租用之, 海軍基地。

(丙) 中東鐵路以及通往大連之南滿鐵路,應由中蘇雙方共組之公司聯合經營,蘇聯之優越權利應獲保障,中國對滿洲應保持完全主權。

三, 千島羣島應割於蘇聯。

惟上述關於外蒙古旅順大連以及中東南滿兩鐵路諸點,必須徵得中國蔣主席之同意。羅斯福總統將依據史達林元帥之意見,採取措施,以致蔣主席之同意。

三強首腦業已議定,蘇聯所提要求,於日本被擊敗後,必予實現。蘇聯則準備與中國國民政府締結中蘇友好同盟條約,俾以其武裝部隊協助中國,解除中國所受日本之束縛。

一九四五年二月十一日

史達林(簽 )

羅斯福(簽 )

邱吉爾(簽)

YALTA SECRET AGREEMENT

(Entered into by Generalissimo Joseph Stalin, former Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and the late President Roosevelt on February 11, 1945 and published on February 11, 1946 simultaneously in Washington, London and Moscow).

Leaders of the three great powers-the Soviet Union, the United States of America, and Great Britain-have agreed that in two or three months after Germany has surrendered and the war in Europe has terminated, the Soviet Union shall enter into the war against Japan on the side of the Allies on conditions that:

Firstly, the status quo in Outer Mongoli (the Mongolian People's Republic) shall be preserved;

Secondly, former rights of Russia violated by the treacherous attack of Japan in 1301 shall be restored, viz.:

(a) The southern part of Sakhalin as well as all the islands adjacent to it shall be returned to the Soviet Union:

(b) The commercial port of Dairen shall be internationalized. the preeminent interests of the Soviet Union in this port being safeguarded and the lease of Port Arthur as a naval base of the U.S.S.R. restored;

(c) The Chinese Eastern Railroad and the Southern Machu ria Railroad which provide outlet to Dairen shall be jointly operated by the establishment of a joint Soviet- Sino Company, it being understood that the preeminent interests of the Soviet Union shall be safeguarded and that China shall retain full sovereignty in Manchuria;

Thirdly, the Kurile Islands shall be handed over to the Soviet Union.

It is understood that the agreement concerning Outer Mongolia and the ports and the railroads referred to above all require the concurrence of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek. The President will take measures in order to obtain this concurrence in advance from Generalissimo Stalin.

Heads of the three powers have agreed that these claims of the Soviet Union shall be unquestionably fulfilled after Japan has been defeated.

For its part the Soviet Union expresses its readiness to conclude with the National Government a pact of friendship and alliance between the U.S.S.R. and China in order to render assistance to China with armed forces for the purpose of liberating China from the Japanese yoke.

(Signed)

J. A. Y. Stalin

Franklin D. Roosevelt

Winston Churchill

February 11, 1945.

REPORT OF THE YALTA (CRIMEA) CONFERENCE

(February 11, 1945)

For the past eight days, Winston S. Churchill, Prime Minister of Great Britain, Franklin D. Roosevelt, President of the United States of America, and Marshal J. V. Stalin, Chairman of the Council of Peoples' Commissars of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, have met with the Foreign Secretaries, Chiefs of Staffs and other advisors in the Crimea.

In addition to the three heads of government, the following took part in the Conference:

For the United States of America:

Edward R. Stettinius, Jr., Secretary of State;

Fleet Admiral William D. Leahy, U.S.N., Chief of Staff to the President;

Harry L. Hopkins, Special Assistant to the President;

Justice James F. Byrnes, Director, Office of War Mobilization and Reconversion;

General of the Army George C. Marshall, Chief of Staff, U.S. Army;

Fleet Admiral Ernest J. King, U.S.N., Chief of Naval Operations and Commander in Chief, U. S. Fleet;

Lieutenant General Brehon B. Somervill, Commarding General, Army Service Forces;

Vice Admiral Emory S. Land, War Shipping Administrator;

Major General L. S. Kuter, Staff of Commanding General, U. S' Army Air Forces;

W. Averell Harrimann, Ambassador to the U.S.S.R.

H. Freeman Mathews, Director of European Affairs, State Department;

Alger Hiss, Deputy Director, Office of Special Political Affairs, Department of State;

Charles E. Bohlen, Assistant to the Secretary of State;

Together with political, military and technical advisors.

For the United Kingdom:

Anthony Eden, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs;

Lord Leathers, Minister of War Transport;

Sir A. Clark Kerr, H. M. Ambassador at Moscow;

Sir Alexander Cadogan, Permanent Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs;

Sir Edward Bridges, Secretary of the War Cabinet;

Field Marshal Sir Klan Brooke, Chief of the Imperial General Staff; Marshal of the Royal Air Force Sir Charles Portal, Chief of the Air Staff;

Admiral of the Fleet Sir Andrew Cunningham, First Sea Lord; General Sir Hastings Ismay, Chief of Staff to the Minister of Defense;

Field Marshal Alexander, Supreme Allied Commander, Medi- terranean Theatre;

Field Marshal Wilson, Head of the British Joint Staff Mission at Washington;

Admiral Somerville, Joint Staff Mission at Washington; Together with military and diplomatic advisors.

For the Soviet Union:

V. M. Molotov, People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs of the U.S.S.R.

Admiral Kuznetsov, People's Commissar for the Navy;

Army General Antonov, Deputy Chief of the General Staff of the Red Army;

A. Y. Vyshinski, Deputy People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs of the U.S.S.R.;

Marshal o Aviation Khudyakov;

F. T. Gusev, Ambassador in Great Britain;

A. A. Gromyko, Ambassador in U.S.A.

The following statement is made by the Prime Minister of Great Britain, the President of the United States of America, and the Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the results of the Crimean Conference:

THE DEFEAT OF GERMANY

We have considered and determined the military plans of the three Allied powers for the final defeat of the common enemy. The miltary staffs of the three Allied nations have met in daily meetings throughout the Conference. These meeting have been most satisfactory from every point of view and have resulted in closer coordination of the military effort of the three Allies than ever before. The fullest information has been inter-changed. The timing, scope and coordination of new and even more powerful blows to be launched by our armies and air forces into the heart of Germany from the East, West, North, and South have been fully agreed and planned in detail.

Our combined military plans will be made known only as we execute them, but we believe that the very close working partner- ship among the three staffs attained at this Conference will result in shortening the War. Meeting of the three staffs will be con- tinned in the future whenever the need arises.

Nazi Germany is doomed. The German people will only make the cost of their defeat heavier to themselves by attempting to continue a hopeless resistance.

OCCUPATION AND CONTROL OF GERMANY

We have agreed on common policies and plans for enforcing the unconditional surrender terms which we shall impose together on Nazi Germany after German armed resistance has been finally crushed. These terms will not be made known until the final defeat of Germany has been accomplished. Under the agreed plan, the forces of the three powers will each occupy a separate zone of Germany. Coordinated administration and control provided for under the plan through a central control commission consisting of the Supreme Commanders of the three powers with headquarters in Berlin, It has been agreed that France should be invited by the three powers, if she should so desire, to take over a zone of occupation, and to participate as a fourth member of the control commission. The limits of the French zone will be agreedupon by the four governments concerned through their representatives on the European Advisory Commission.

It is our inflexible purpose to destroy German militarism and Nazism and to ensure that Germany will never again be able to disturb the peace of the world. We are determined to disarm and disband all German armed forces; break up for all time the German General Staff that has repeatedly contrived the resurgence of German militarism; remove or destroy all German military equipment; eliminate or control all German industry that could be used for military production; bring all war criminals to just and swift punishment and exact reparation in kind for the destruction wrought by the Germans; wipe out the Nazi laws, organizations, institutions, remove all Nazi and militarist influences from public office and from the cultural and economic life of the German people; and take in harmony such other measures in Germany as may be necessary to the future peace and safety of the world. It is not our purpose to destroy the people of Germany, but only when Nazism and militarism have been extirpated will there be hope for a decent life for Germany, and a place for them in the comity of nations.

REPARATION BY GERMANY

We have considered the question of the damage caused by Germany to the Allied nations in this war and recognized it as just that Germany be obliged to make compensation for this damage in kind to the greatest extent possible. A commission for the compensation of damage will be established The commission will be instructed to consider the question of the extent and me hods for compensating damage caused by Germany to the Allied countries. The commission will work in Moscow.

UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE

We are resolved upon the earlist possible eatablishment with our allies of a general international organization to maintain peace and security. We believe that this is essential, both to preventaggression and to remove the political, economic and social causes of war through the close and continuing collaboration of all peace- loving peoples.

The foundations were laid at Dumbarton Oaks. On the important question of voting procedure, however, aggrement was not there reached. The present Conference has been able to resolve this difficulty.

We have agreed that a conference of United Nations should' be called to meet at San Francisco in the United States on April 25, 1945, to prepare the charter of such an organization, along the lines proposed in the informal conversations at Dumbarton Oaks.

The Government of China and the Provisional Government of France will be immediately consulted and invited to sponsor invitations to the conference jointly with the Governments of the United States, Great Britain and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. As soon as the consultation with China and France has been completed, the text of the proposals on voting procedure will be made.

DECLARATION ON LIBERATED EUROPE

The Premier of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, and the President of the United States of America have consulted with each other in the common interests of the peoples of their countries and those of liberated Europe the policies of their three governments in assisting the peoples liberated from the domination of Nazi Germany and the peoples of the former Axis satellite states of Europe to solve by democratic means their pressing political and economic problems.

The establishment of order in Europe and the rebuilding of national economic life must be achieved by processes which will enable the liberated peoples to destroy the last vestiges of Nazism and Fascism and to create democratic institutions of their own choice. This is a principle of the Atlantic Charter the right ofall peoples to choose the form of government under which they will live—the restoration of sovereign rights and self-government to those peoples who have been forcibly deprived of them by the aggressor nations.

To foster the conditions in which the liberated peoples may exercise these rights, the three Governments will jointly assist the people in any European liberated state of former Axis satellite states in Europe where in their judgment conditions required (A) to establish conditions of internal peace; (B) to carry out emergency measures for the relief of distressed peoples; (C) to form interim government authorities broadly representative of all democratic elements in the population and pledged to the earliest possible establishment through free elections of governments responsive to the will of the people; and (D) to facilitate where necessary the holding of such elections.

The three governments will consult the other United Nations and provisional authorities or other governments in Europe when matters of direct interest to them are under consideration. When in the opinion of the three governments, conditions in any Europe n liberated state or any former Axis satellite state in Europe make such action necessary, they will immediately consult together on the measures necesary to discharge their joint responsibilities set forth in this declaration.

By this declaration we reaffirm our faith in the principles of the Atlantic Charter, our pledge in the declaration by the United Nations, and our determination to build in cooperation with other peace-loving nations world order under law, dedicated to peace, security, freedom and general well-being of all mankind. In issuing this declaration, the three powers express the hope that the Provisional Government of the French Republic may be associated with them in the procedure suggested.

POLAND

A new situation has been created in Poland as a result after her complete liberation by the Red Army. This calls for the establishment of a Polish Provisional Government which can bymore broadly based than was possible before the recent liberation of Western Poland. The Provisional Government which is now functioning in Poland should therefore be reorganized on a broader democratic basis with the inclusion of democratic leaders from Poland itself and from Poles abroad. This new government should then be called the Polish Provisional Government of National Unity.

M. Molotov, Mr. Harriman and Sir A. Clark Kerr are authorized as a commission to consult in a commission to consult in the first instance in Moscow with members of the present Provisional Government and with other Polish democratic leaders from within Poland and from abroad, with a view to the reorganization of the present Government aloag the above lines. This Polish Provisional Government of National Unity shall be pledged to the holding of free and unfettered elections as soon as possible on the basis of universal suffrage and secret ballot. In these elections all democratic and anti-Nazi parties shall have the right to take part and to put forward candidates.

When a Polish Provisional Government of National Unity has been properly formed in conformity with the above, the government of the U.S.S.R,, which now maintains diplomatic relations with the present Provisional Government of Poland, and the Government of the United Kingdom and the Government of the U.S.A. will establish diplomatic relations with the new Polish, Provisional Government of National Unity, and will exchange ambassadors by whose reports the respective governments will be kept informed about the situation in Poland. ' The three heads of government consider that the Eastern frontier of Poland should follow the Curzon Line with digressions from it in some regions of five to eight kilometers in favour of Poland. They recognized that Poland must receive substantial accessions of territory in the North and West. They feel that the opinion of the new Polish Provisional Government of National Unity should be sought in due course on the extent of these accessions and that the final delimitation of the western frontier of Poland should thereafter await the peace conference.

YUGOSLAVIA

We have agreed to recommend to Marshal Tito and D. Subasic that the agreement between them should be put into effect immediately, and that a new government should be form- ed on the basis of that agreement.

We also recommend that as soon as the new government has been formed it should declare that:

(1) The anti-Fascist assembly of National Liberation (Avnoj) should be extended to include members of the last Yugoslav Parliament (Skupschina) who have not compromised themselves by collaboration with the enemy thus forming a body to be known as a temporary Parliament; and,

(2) Legislative acts passed by the anti-Fascist assembly of National Liberation will be subject to subsequent ratification by a constituent assembly.

There was also a general review of other Balkan question.

MEETINGS OF FOREIGN SECRETARIES

Throughout the Conference, besides the daily meetings of the heads of governments and the Foreign Secretaries, separate meetings of the three Foreign Secretaries, and their advisors have also been held daily.

These meetings have proved of the utmost value and the Conference agreed that permanent machinery should be set up for regular consultation between the three Foreign Secretaries. They will, therefore, meet as often as may be necessary, probably about every three or four months. These meetings will be held in rotation. in the three capitals, the first meeting being held in London, after the United Nations Conference on World Organization.

UNITY FOR PEACE AS FOR WAR

Our meeting here in the Crimea has reaffirmed our common determination to maintain and strengthen in the peace to come that unity of purpose and of action which has made victorypossible and certain for the United Nations in this war. We believe that this is a sacred obligation which our Governments owe to our peoples and to all the peoples of the world.

Only with the continuing and growing co-operation and under- standing among our three countries and among all the peace-loving nations and the highest aspiration of humanity be realized—a secure and lasting peace which will, in the words of the Atlantic Charter, "afford assurance that all the men in all the lands may live out their lives in freedom from fear and want."

Victory in this war and establishment of the proposed international organization will provide the greatest opportunity in all history to create in the years to come the essential conditions of such a peace.

(Signed): Winston S. Churchill